Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To estimate the diagnostic accuracy of chest radiography in the detection of chest lymphadenopathy in children with clinically suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS: DESIGN:Prospective cross sectional study. SETTING:A short stay ward in a children's hospital in South Africa. PATIENTS:Consecutive children under 14 years of age admitted with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. DIAGNOSTIC TEST:Antero-posterior and/or lateral chest x rays interpreted independently and blind to the reference standard by three primary care clinicians and three paediatricians, all with a special interest in tuberculosis. Reference standard: Spiral chest computed tomography (CT) with contrast injection. RESULTS:One hundred children (median age 21.5 months) were enrolled. Lymphadenopathy was present in 46 of 100 reference CT scans and judged to be present in 47.1% of x ray assessments. Overall sensitivity was 67% and specificity 59%. Primary care clinicians were more sensitive (71.5% v 63.3%, p = 0.047) and less specific (49.8% v 68.9%, p<0.001) than paediatricians. Overall accuracy was higher for the paediatricians (diagnostic odds ratio 3.83 v 2.49, p = 0.008). The addition of a lateral to an antero-posterior view did not significantly increase accuracy (diagnostic odds ratio 3.09 v 3.73, p = 0.16). Chance adjusted inter-observer agreement (kappa) varied widely between viewer pairs, but was around 30%. CONCLUSIONS:Detection of mediastinal lymphadenopathy on chest x ray to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis in children must be interpreted with caution. Diagnostic accuracy might be improved by refining radiological criteria for lymphadenopathy.
journal_name
Arch Dis Childjournal_title
Archives of disease in childhoodauthors
Swingler GH,du Toit G,Andronikou S,van der Merwe L,Zar HJdoi
10.1136/adc.2004.062315subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-11-01 00:00:00pages
1153-6issue
11eissn
0003-9888issn
1468-2044pii
90/11/1153journal_volume
90pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine risk factors for childhood overweight that can be identified during the first year of life to facilitate early identification and targeted intervention. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis. SEARCH STRATEGY:Electronic database search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and CAB Abstracts. ELIGIBIL...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2012-302263
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship of vesicoureteric reflex (VUR) and renal scarring was studied in 94 children (188 kidneys) with proved urinary tract infection in a district general hospital. There were 61 girls and 33 boys, with nine girls and 17 boys aged less than 1 year, 31 girls and nine boys aged between 1 and 5 years, the rema...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.66.11.1282
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical profile, malignant potential, and management of 17 children with juvenile polyposis (more than five juvenile polyps) were evaluated clinically and endoscopically. Colonoscopy and polypectomy were done three weekly until colonic clearance was achieved, and thereafter two yearly. All polyps were subjected t...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.78.3.264
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To explore the variation in hospital admission rates and duration of inpatient stay across England. METHODS:Hospital Episode Statistics were used to identify all children aged below 2 years who were discharged from hospital with a primary code of bronchiolitis in England, between 1 April 2007 and 31 March 2010; ra...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2012-302277
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report two children with ruptured, multiple hydatid cysts treated with mebendazole. Long term follow up has confirmed the success of this treatment. ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.59.9.894
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical patterns of adverse reactions to cows' milk were examined in 72 children with cows' milk hypersensitivity. Two main groups were found, according to the time of onset of the adverse reaction--immediate onset, within one hour of milk ingestion and delayed onset, after one hour. Children with immediate onset...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.58.11.856
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Data on the efficacy and safety of long-acting β2-agonists (LABA) in children are limited, and current guidelines recommend that LABA always be used with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). OBJECTIVE:To compare asthma control, assessed by rescue medications use, in children prescribed LABA and ICS as a fixed-dos...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/adc.2009.179069
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A register has been compiled of the 421 children with congenital cerebral palsy born between 1960 and 1975 from a defined geographical area of North East England (population 770 000). There was a fall in the rate of cerebral palsy among very low birthweight babies between 1964 and 1975 and also in the small group with...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.60.12.1113
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Children at three inner city child health clinics were offered haemoglobin estimation by fingerprick blood test when attending for immunisation against measles. Of the 98 immunised, 92 (94%) participated in the study, together with 58 other children. Anaemia (haemoglobin concentration less than 110 g/l) was found in 3...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.65.8.892
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 10 1/2 year old boy presented with raised intracranial pressure and precocious puberty caused by a human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) secreting pineal germinoma. After craniospinal irradiation he improved clinically and his HCG concentration fell to an undetectable value. Two years later he remains well. Pineal ger...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.58.9.743
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histological examination of the breasts of 26 infants and young children who died suddenly between the ages of 3 weeks and 2 years was performed. The glands were composed of well formed lobules surrounded by dense interlobular stroma, while within the lobules there was looser connective tissue. The lobules contained d...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.63.2.136
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test whether early treatment could postpone the chronic colonisation of the respiratory tract with mucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with cystic fibrosis, we performed a pilot study in 28 patients aged 2 to 18 years. A two week course of azlocillin (150 mg/kg/day) and tobramycin (10 to 15 mg/kg/d...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.64.7.1022
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two male patients with congenital cleft lip and palate first seen at ages 10.2 and 21.5 years presented with typical signs of hypothalamic-interior pituitary hormone deficiencies. They were found to lack GH, LH, and FSH and to be partially deficient in TSH and ACTH. Several congenital defects may explain this rare syn...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.53.12.952
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in children is associated with a high incidence of serious morbidity and mortality. The presenting features are variable. It can be diagnostically challenging and the optimal treatment is uncertain. AIM:To describe the features of a series of children with CVST treate...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2008.154708
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty nine infants with severe asphyxia (28 affected perinatally and 11 later) were studied by electrophysiological cerebral function monitoring (CFM) for periods varying from a half to 49 days. Nineteen infants died while still in intensive care and two died later from sequelae. Eighteen survived and were followed u...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.58.12.997
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical, radiological, and biochemical features of 2 male children with mannosidosis are described. Superficially they appeared to suffer from Hurler's syndrome, but the facies, eye signs, radiological and cytological features were atypical. Excess urinary oligosaccharides were found by thin-layer chromatography....
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.52.12.937
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accuracies of chromogenic agar and the GeneXpert real-time PCR system (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, California, USA) for admission methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) screening of 1336 consecutive paediatric intensive care unit patients (1282 evaluable swab results) were determined using enrichment culture a...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2010.185785
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma concentration was measured after rectal and nasogastric administration of paracetamol 15 mg/kg to 28 febrile children aged between 9 days to 7 years who had undergone cardiac surgery. After equivalent doses, rectal administration in neonates and children on the first postoperative day was found to produce plasm...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.65.9.971
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reflection has become established as a key principle underpinning maintenance of standards within professional education and practice. A requirement to evidence reflection within performance review is intended to develop a transformative approach to practice, identify developmental goals, and ultimately, improve healt...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2013-303948
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A subnormal cortisol response (30 min level (C30min)<550 nmol/L) to synthetic adrenocorticotrophic hormone/Synacthen test (SDST) in all infants does not necessarily indicate underlying or persistent hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis pathology. METHODS:We retrospectively evaluated the diagnoses and outcome...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2017-313819
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 24 hour energy balance study was carried out on 20 black Kenyan children with acute measles and repeated after recovery. The energy content of a weighed 24 hour food intake and of a simultaneous collection of faeces and urine was determined by bomb calorimetry. Energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.61.1.61
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forty three infants were assigned randomly to a ready-to-feed infant formula or a standard formula that required reconstitution from powder. Despite similar nutrient composition of the two formulas those fed the powdered formula had significantly increased body weight and skinfold thickness gains, and became significa...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/adc.67.7.935
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the outcome of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in children with renovascular hypertension (RVH) treated at a single centre over 29 years. METHODS:A retrospective study of the medical charts of all children with RVH who underwent PTA between 1984 and 2012. The primary outcome measurem...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2013-305886
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Due to lack of information on drug use in children, many drugs are used off-label in paediatrics. Increased knowledge of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) would enable a better risk-benefit analysis. Our aim was to characterise drugs causing psychiatric ADRs in children by conducting a descriptive study based on ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2019-317933
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cohort of 164 children born within the defined boundaries of greater Manchester during the years 1981 to 1984 inclusive were identified as having bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, giving a prevalence of 1.2/1000 population of 1/817 births. Ninety three children developed an additional conductive hearing loss sec...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.65.7.757
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty nine children of short stature exercised for 10 minutes on a non-motorised treadmill. In 49 a growth hormone concentration of greater than 15 mU/l was reached, effectively excluding growth hormone deficiency. In 10 children the growth hormone concentration failed to reach 15 mU/l; growth hormone deficiency was c...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.59.12.1179
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To test the hypothesis that reduced fetal growth leads to altered plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations in childhood. DESIGN:A follow up study of 4 year old children whose birth weights were recorded, and of 7 year old children whose weight, length, head circumference, and placental weig...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.73.4.287
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A child with chronic diarrhoea since birth responded to the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors aspirin and indomethacin. During a period without treatment, raised levels of prostaglandins F2alpha and E2 were observed. No source for these raised prostaglandins was shown, and it is suggested that she may have an inborn...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.52.10.800
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::"Mental retardation" is a modern term for an age old problem. The descriptions of paediatric cases contained within the works of Thomas Willis (1621-75) have been increasingly recognised for their insight into seventeenth century child health practices. ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.87.6.555
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of transient hypogammaglobulinaemia of infancy (THI) detected in a major paediatric centre over a 10 year period was examined. A total of 2468 subjects less than 2 years of age had an IgG measurement taken between July 1979 and March 1990. Subjects with known immunodeficiencies were excluded. Fifteen pat...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.70.3.183
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00