Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Population-based studies on the prevalence of encopresis in children are scarce and generally outdated. Prevalence estimates based on clinical studies are unreliable because parents tend to be reticent to seek medical help for this problem. Professional help is necessary, however, because encopresis can lead to serious psychosocial health problems. The authors examined the prevalence of encopresis in children, the frequency of visits made to general practitioners for encopresis and the psychosocial health problems of encopretic children. METHODS:This population-based study involved 13,111 parents and their 5- to 6-year-old children and 9,780 parents and their 11- to 12-year-old children, all residents of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. RESULTS:The prevalence of encopresis was 4.1% in the 5-to-6 age group and 1.6% in the 11-to-12 age group. Encopresis was more frequent among boys and children from the very depressed areas of the city. Encopresis was less frequent among Moroccan and Turkish children. A defecation frequency of less than three per week was found in 3.8% of the 5- to 6-year-olds and 10.1% of the 11- to 12-year-olds with encopresis. Only 37.7% of the 5- to 6-year-olds and 27.4% of the 11- to 12-year-olds who had encopresis had ever been taken to see a doctor for this problem. Psychosocial problems were far more common among children with encopresis than among normal children. CONCLUSIONS:Encopresis is a common condition that is often associated with psychosocial health disorders but only a small proportion of the children with encopresis are taken to a general practitioner to discuss their problem.
journal_name
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutrjournal_title
Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutritionauthors
van der Wal MF,Benninga MA,Hirasing RAdoi
10.1097/01.mpg.0000149964.77418.27subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-03-01 00:00:00pages
345-8issue
3eissn
0277-2116issn
1536-4801pii
00005176-200503000-00017journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Prefeeding plasma amino acid concentrations were higher and glycine-to-valine ratios lower in formula-fed infants as compared to breast-fed infants at 3 months of age. After a human milk meal (true protein, 0.8 g/100 ml) or formula meal (1.5 g/100 ml), all essential and several nonessential amino acids peaked at 30-60...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Controversy continues regarding the ideal composition of glucose/electrolyte solutions used for oral rehydration of infants and children with acute diarrhea. We have used cholera toxin-treated rat small intestine as a model of secretory diarrhea to assess the efficacy of oral rehydration solutions by intestinal perfus...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-198707000-00023
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis is commonly used as an ulcerative colitis (UC) model in adult rodents, there are no studies using this model in young animals. We examined differences in the severity of DSS-induced colitis as a function of the concentration of DSS administered and soug...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-200310000-00015
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The epidemiology and clinical significance of disaccharidase deficiencies have not been thoroughly characterized. Recent work suggests at least genetic sucrase-isomaltase deficiency is more prevalent than previously believed. Because lactase deficiency (LD) is well described, the present study focuses on the...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000001961
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The causal association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonization of the gastric mucosa and gastritis is now well established. Histologic examination of endoscopic biopsy specimens has long been regarded as the gold standard for diagnosis. However, the changes can be focal in nature and presence of...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-199901000-00014
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six cases of nutritional copper deficiency were identified in a nursery institute for severely handicapped patients. All had been on prolonged enteral feeding of a copper-deficient diet and all had abnormalities related to the copper deficiency. Two of them had leukopenia, with or without macrocytic and normochromic a...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-198807000-00018
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study is to analyze the impact of physical activity and eating behaviors on precursors of cardiovascular disease-including overweight/obesity, hypertension, low high-density lipoprotein, and impaired glucose tolerance-in pediatric liver transplant (LT) recipients and matched controls. METHOD:C...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000002150
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intussusception of the vermiform appendix (IVA) in a 14-year-old girl is reported. The diagnosis was made preoperatively, which is rare: only five other cases have been reported. IVA can present with variable symptoms. This patient presented with episodes of recurrent severe paroxysmal pain and vomiting, each episode ...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-198601000-00032
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enzymatic in vitro hydrolysis was evaluated as a possible treatment to abolish the allergenicity of whey proteins in view of their use in infant formulas. Guinea pigs without prior immunological contact (including fetal life) with cow's milk were fed various preparations of cow's milk proteins. Oral exposure to milk o...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Liver transplantation is now accepted as the treatment of choice for tyrosinemia type I (hereditary tyrosinemia). In an effort to determine whether any factors in these patients would aid in predicting optimal timing of the transplant procedure, we evaluated several clinical, biochemical, and radiographic parameters i...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-199107000-00002
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Data suggest an increase in the incidence of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We examined the trend of the incidence of IBD in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS:A retrospective investigation was conducted on a cohort of children diagnosed with IBD between 1991 and 2002 who were registered in the IBD ...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MPG.0b013e3181b99baa
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Differentiating ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD) can be clinically challenging, especially in children. Granulomatous inflammation has traditionally been attributed to CD. Crypt-associated giant cells and granulomas, however, have been observed in colonic biopsies of patients with UC. This phen...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000001771
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact of obesity on pediatric Crohn disease (CD) remains poorly characterized. We aimed to evaluate disease-related outcomes in overweight and obese children with CD, compared to normal-weight children. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children with newly diagnosed CD enrolled in the ImproveCareNow Ne...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000002066
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by the invasion of leukocytes into the intestinal mucosa. However, a mixed inflammatory picture is observed that includes neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. To this day, the role of eosinophils in health and in disease remains unclear. Investigatio...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182128512
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We aimed to identify early noninvasive predictors of clinical and endoscopic remission in children with Crohn disease (CD) under infliximab (IFX). METHODS:Prospective observational study conducted in children with moderate-to-severe CD starting IFX. All patients underwent weighted pediatric CD activity inde...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000002262
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated fecal clearance of alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) as a method of detecting and quantitating intestinal protein loss in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We investigated alpha 1-AT clearance (C alpha 1-AT) in 14 patients (seven with Crohn's disease, seven with ulcerative colitis) and in 10 childr...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-198401000-00013
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Duodenal gastric metaplasia is rarely reported in untreated celiac disease, although it is seen in 60% to 100% of duodenal biopsy specimens in nonceliac patients with histologic duodenitis. The low incidence could represent underreporting, a decreased incidence in pediatric patients generally, or the more di...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-200004000-00009
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present study was to examine the expression of FOXP3, interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, IL-17A, and T helper 17 (TH17) cells/FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells balance in the gastric mucosa of children with Helicobacter pylori infection, in relation to the gastric histopat...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000000194
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial translocation is a phenomenon in which live bacteria cross the intestinal barrier. The definition may be broadened to include transmural passage of bacterial cell wall components such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan polysaccharide. After translocation, bacteria or their products reach the mesenteric ...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00005176-200107000-00001
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient with chronic active hepatitis and medically unmanageable ascites developed staphylococcal bacteremia after insertion of a peritoneovenous LeVeen shunt. The patient developed glomerulonephritis, manifested by moderate proteinuria, microscopic hematuria with red cell casts, azotemia, and evidence of complement...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-198510000-00029
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Class II MHC antigen expression in the intestinal epithelium of 28 small bowel biopsies from 23 celiac patients were studied by means of indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase using monoclonal antibodies. Patients were divided on the basis of diet into two subgroups: 15 subjects on a gluten-containing diet (...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-198910000-00002
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The geometric mean is the recommended method for calculating gastric emptying in adults to correct for variable attenuation during the study. In children, it has been reported that a single posterior acquisition is sufficient. Our objective was to evaluate the relation between the values of gastric emptying ...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MPG.0b013e31824ee2fa
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breath hydrogen production after oral lactose loading was examined in infants and children with stagnant loop syndrome, blind loop syndrome, or both. All six infants under 3 years of age had bacteriological evidence of small intestinal colonization. The characteristics of the breath hydrogen test in this syndrome are:...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-198406000-00010
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Figure 4 summarizes the steps by which Ca2+ and cyclic AMP-mediated secretagogues activate enzyme secretion in the pancreatic acinar cell. CCK and acetylcholine bind to specific plasma membrane receptors and through an as yet incompletely understood mechanism give rise to an elevation in free cytoplasmic Ca2+. A quest...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00005176-198400031-00004
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of oropharyngeal colostrum administration in the incidence of late-onset clinical and proven sepsis and in concentrations of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants. METHODS:We conducted a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-control...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000002356
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to report the late morbidity of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in a pediatric population and to identify possible risk factors for complications developing after PEG insertion. METHODS:A PEG was placed in 110 children between 1 May 1990 and 1 January 1997 using the pull tec...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-200110000-00015
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effects of breast milk feeding versus formula feeding during the first 8 weeks of life on the development of local gastrointestinal humoral immune response by measuring fecal secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA). Forty-four infants were studied and classified into two groups: breast milk (n = 21) and stand...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Safflower oil emulsion (Liposyn 10%) was infused intravenously to supplement energy intake in five low-birth-weight infants. Respiratory gas exchange was measured before and after the addition of fat emulsion in doses of 1-2 g of fat/kg/day to an intravenous feeding regimen of dextrose and amino acids. The oxygen cons...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-198302030-00020
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human breast milk contains many enzymes, some of which may assist in digestion; other enzymes may have other diverse functions. The loci and regulation of milk enzyme synthesis remain to be elucidated, but multiple loci and complex hormonal regulation seem to be likely. In a similar fashion, multiple mechanisms of pro...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-198300201-00015
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocytes differ in their metabolism depending on their position in the liver acinus. To assess how such specialization changes during development, we used quantitative cytochemistry to measure succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P), and NADPH dehydrogenase (ND) act...
journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005176-198905000-00017
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00