Abstract:
:Certain strains of Pichia acaciae and Wingea robertsiae (synonym Debaryomyces robertsiae) harbour extranuclear genetic elements that confer a killer phenotype to their host. Such killer plasmids (pPac1-2 of P. acaciae and pWR1A of W. robertsiae) were sequenced and compared with the zymocin encoding pGKL1 of Kluyveromyces lactis. Both new elements were found to be closely related to each other, but they are only partly similar to pGKL1. As for the latter, they encode functions mediating binding of the toxin to the target cell's chitin and a hydrophobic region potentially involved in uptake of a toxin subunit by target cells. Consistently, mutations affecting the target cell's major chitin synthase (Chs3) protect it from toxin action. Heterologous intracellular expression of respective open reading frames identified cell cycle-arresting toxin subunits deviating structurally from the likewise imported gamma-subunit of the K. lactis zymocin. Accordingly, toxicity of both P. acaciae and Wingea toxins was shown to be independent of RNA polymerase II Elongator, which is indispensable for zymocin action. Thus, P. acaciae and Wingea toxins differ in their mode of action from the G1-arresting zymocin. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis and determination of budding indices have proved that such novel toxins mediate cell cycle arrest post-G1 during the S phase. Concomitantly, the DNA damage checkpoint kinase Rad53 is phosphorylated. As a mutant carrying the checkpoint-deficient allele rad53-11 displays toxin hypersensitivity, damage checkpoint activation apparently contributes to coping with toxin stress, rather than being functionally implemented in toxin action.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Klassen R,Teichert S,Meinhardt Fdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04119.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-07-01 00:00:00pages
263-73issue
1eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958pii
MMI4119journal_volume
53pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The evolutionary relationship within prokaryotes is examined based on signature sequences (defined as conserved inserts or deletions shared by specific taxa) and phylogenies derived from different proteins. Archaebacteria are indicated as being monophyletic by a number of proteins related to the information transfer p...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00978.x
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cereal pathogen Fusarium graminearum threatens food and feed production worldwide. It reduces the yield and poisons the remaining kernels with mycotoxins, notably deoxynivalenol (DON). We analyzed the importance of gamma-aminobutanoic acid (GABA) metabolism for the life cycle of this fungal pathogen. GABA metaboli...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13203
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::PrkC was shown to be a eukaryotic-like (Hanks-type) protein kinase from Bacillus subtilis with a structural organization similar to that of the eukaryotic sensor Ser/Thr or Tyr kinases (e.g. the TGF beta or PDGF receptors). The molecule consists of a catalytic domain located in the cytoplasm, joined by a single transm...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03178.x
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ureaplasma urealyticum (U. urealyticum), belonging to the class Mollicutes, is a human pathogen colonizing the urogenital tract and causes among other things respiratory diseases in premature infants. We have studied the salvage of pyrimidine deoxynucleosides in U. urealyticum and cloned a key salvage enzyme, thymidin...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03717.x
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tst, the gene for toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), is part of a 15.2 kb genetic element in Staphylococcus aureus that is absent in TSST-1-negative strains. The prototype, in RN4282, is flanked by a 17 nucleotide direct repeat and contains genes for a second possible superantigen toxin, a Dichelobacter nodosus Va...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00947.x
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During Bacillus subtilis endospore formation, a complex protein coat is assembled around the maturing spore. The coat is made up of more than two dozen proteins that form an outer layer, which provides chemical resistance, and an inner layer, which may play a role in the activation of germination. A third, amorphous l...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1997.mmi532.x
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Helicobacter pylori is a human gastric pathogen associated with gastric and duodenal ulcers as well as gastric cancer. Mounting evidence suggests this pathogen's motility is prerequisite for successful colonization of human gastric tissues. Here, we isolated an H. pylori G27 HP0518 mutant exhibiting altered motility i...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07393.x
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of plasmids carrying an IRL-kan-IRR transposable cassette, in which IRL and IRR are the left- and right-terminal sequences of IS91, have been constructed. These cassettes could be complemented for transposition with similar efficiency when IS91 transposase was provided either in cis or in trans. A total of 87...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01432.x
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new class of Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins, or insecticidal control proteins (ICPs), is defined by an apparently cryptic protein with a unique primary structure and novel entomocidal specificity for certain coleopteran and lepidopteran species. The discovery of a new group of ICPs will extend the use of th...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01560.x
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vegetative replication and partitioning of many plasmids and some chromosomes of alphaproteobacteria are directed by their repABC operons. RepA and RepB proteins direct the partitioning of replicons to daughter cells, while RepC proteins are replication initiators, although they do not resemble any characterized repli...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07789.x
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Post-translational proteolysis-dependent regulation of critical cellular processes is a common feature in bacteria. The Escherichia coli Lon protease is involved in the control of the SOS response, acid tolerance and nutritional deprivation. Moreover, Lon plays a role in the regulation of toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07646.x
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reversible yeast-hyphae transition of the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans is tightly linked to its pathogenicity. In this study, we show that histone H2B mono-ubiquitination (H2Bub) at lysine 123 was maintained at a low level in the yeast state, whereas it increased significantly during yeast-to-hyphae tran...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.14619
更新日期:2020-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::CTXphi is a filamentous phage that encodes cholera toxin, one of the principal virulence factors of Vibrio cholerae. CTXphi is unusual among filamentous phages because it can either replicate as a plasmid or integrate into the V. cholerae chromosome at a specific site. The CTXphi genome has two regions, the 'core' and...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.3911758.x
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::RbpA is an RNA polymerase-binding protein that occurs in the actinomycete family of bacteria and is regulated by the disulphide stress-response sigma factor, sigma(R), in Streptomyces coelicolor. Here we demonstrate that rbpA null mutants exhibit a slow-growth phenotype and are particularly sensitive to the transcript...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05116.x
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three distinct types of terminal oxidases participate in the aerobic respiratory pathways of Paracoccus denitrificans. Two alternative genes encoding subunit I of the aa3-type cytochrome c oxidase have been isolated before, namely ctaDI and ctaDII. Each of these genes can be expressed separately to complement a double...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00414.x
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Escherichia coli, bulky DNA lesions are repaired primarily by nucleotide excision repair (NER). Unrepaired lesions encountered by DNA polymerase at the replication fork create a blockage which may be relieved through RecF-dependent recombination. We have designed an assay to monitor the different mechanisms through...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05790.x
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell wall lipids of Mycobacterium tuberculosis containing multiple methylbranched fatty acids play critical roles in pathogenesis and thus offer targets for new antimycobacterial drugs. Mycocerosicacid synthase gene (mas) encodes the enzyme that produces one class of such acids. Seven mas-like genes (msls) were identi...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03119.x
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a very common extraintestinal infection, and Escherichia coli is by far the most common causative organism. Uropathogenic E. coli possess traits that distinguish them from commensal strains of E. coli, such as secretion systems that allow virulence factors to be targeted to extracytopl...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02110.x
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria in terrestrial habitats frequently reside as biofilm communities on surfaces that are unsaturated, i.e. biofilms are covered in water films varying in thickness depending on the environmental conditions. Water availability in these habitats is influenced by the osmolarity of the water (solute stress) and by c...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04008.x
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To establish a lysogenic lifestyle, the temperate bacteriophage φC31 integrates its genome into the chromosome of its Streptomyces host, by site-specific recombination between attP (the attachment site in the phage DNA) and attB (the chromosomal attachment site). This reaction is promoted by a phage-encoded serine rec...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07699.x
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family of antigenically diverse proteins is expressed on the surface of human erythrocytes infected with the malaria parasite P. falciparum, and mediates cytoadherence to the host vascular endothelium. In this report, we show that export of PfEMP1 is sl...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03784.x
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phaseolotoxin, a phytotoxin of Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola, is produced at 18 degrees C but not at 28 degrees C. Here we report that a fragment (24.4 kb) cloned from the wild-type strain, which does not harbour a gene(s) involved in phaseolotoxin biosynthesis, abolishes this thermoregulation in the wild type...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01606.x
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cyanobacterium Anabaena responds to nitrogen deprivation by producing heterocysts, cells specialized for nitrogen fixation, at well-spaced intervals along its filaments. The gene hepA, required for heterocyst maturation, is expressed in response to nitrogen deprivation, prior to visible differentiation. A spatial ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01135.x
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas putida WCS358 can transport iron complexed to a wide variety of pseudobactins produced by other Pseudomonas strains. The pupB gene encoding an outer membrane ferric-pseudobactin receptor was isolated from a genomic library of P. putida WCS358. The PupB receptor facilitated iron transport via two distinct h...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01603.x
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chromosome of Escherichia coli K-12 contains a putative gene, yheB (chiA), at centisome 74.7, whose product shows sequence similarity with chitinases of bacterial and viral origin. We cloned the chiA (yheB) gene and demonstrated that it codes for a 94.5 kDa periplasmic protein with endochitinase/lysozyme activity....
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01817.x
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strains of Escherichia coli have been produced which express very high levels of the tRNA(1Leu) isoacceptor. This was accomplished by transforming cells with plasmids containing the leuV operon which encodes three copies of the tRNA(1Leu) gene. Most transformants grew very slowly and exhibited a 15-fold increase in ce...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01116.x
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The CovR/S two-component system regulates the transcription of many genes that are crucial for the virulence of Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus, GAS). Previously, we demonstrated that one gene repressed directly by CovR is rivR, which encodes a member of the RofA-like family of transcriptional regulators...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.06015.x
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::NalC is a TetR type regulator that represses the multidrug efflux pump MexAB-OprM in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Here we explain the mechanism of NalC-mediated regulation of MexAB-OprM. We show that NalC non-covalently binds chlorinated phenols and chemicals containing chlorophenol side-chains such as triclosan. NalC-chlo...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07544.x
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::ClpP is the proteolytic subunit of the ATP-dependent Clp protease in eubacteria, mammals and plant chloroplasts. Cyanobacterial ClpP protein is encoded by a multigene family, producing up to four distinct isozymes. We have examined the importance of the first ClpP protein (ClpP1) isolated from the cyanobacterium Synec...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00928.x
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::NsrR is a nitric oxide (NO)-sensitive transcription repressor that controls NO metabolism in a wide range of bacteria. In Bacillus subtilis, NsrR represses transcription of the nitrite reductase (nasDEF) genes that are under positive control of the ResD-ResE two-component signal transduction system. Derepression is ac...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07407.x
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00