Abstract:
:Type 1 diabetes is one of the more costly chronic diseases of children and adolescents throughout North America and Europe, exhibiting an average estimated prevalence rate of nearly 0.2%. It occurs in genetically predisposed individuals when the immune system attacks and destroys specifically the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. While routine insulin therapy can provide diabetic patients with their daily insulin requirements, non-compliance and undetected hyperglycemic excursions often lead to subsequent long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications. The only real cure for type 1 diabetes is replacement of the beta cell mass, currently being accomplished through ecto-pancreatic transplantation and islet implantation. Both of these procedures suffer from a chronic shortage of available donor tissue in comparison to the number of potential recipients. To circumvent this need, three alternative approaches are being intensively investigated: (1) the production of surrogate cells by genetically modifying non-endocrine cells to secrete insulin in response to glucose challenge; (2) the trans-differentiation of non-endocrine stem/progenitor cells or mature cells to glucose-responsive adult tissue; and (3) the regulated differentiation of islet stem/progenitor cells to produce large numbers of mature, functional islets. In recent years, each of these approaches has made impressive advances, leading to the most important question, 'how soon will this new science be available to the patient?' In the present review, we discuss some of the recent advances, focusing primarily on the differentiation of islet stem cells to functional endocrine pancreas that may form the basis for future treatment.
journal_name
Transpl Immunoljournal_title
Transplant immunologyauthors
Peck AB,Ramiya Vdoi
10.1016/j.trim.2003.12.011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-04-01 00:00:00pages
259-72issue
3-4eissn
0966-3274issn
1878-5492pii
S0966-3274(03)00109-6journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) a potent immunosuppressive agent, has recently been approved for clinical use (CellCept) in renal transplant patients in combination with cyclosporine (CsA). With the expanded use of tacrolimus (Prograf) as well in renal transplant patients, there is a lack of pharmacokinetic studies clarif...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0966-3274(97)80042-1
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The containment of direct and indirect recognition of donor alloantigens by enhancement of the number and activity of regulatory T cells (Tregs) has been one of the promising approaches to achieve transplant tolerance. Two major methods, dendritic cell (DC) and anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies (Abs) have been introduced for e...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2009.07.004
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transplant rejection is a multifactorial process involving complex interactions between components of the innate and the acquired immune system. In view of the shortage of donor organs available for transplantation, xenotransplantation of pig organs into man has been considered as a potential solution. However, in com...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0966-3274(02)00042-4
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue eosinophils have been previously implicated in allograft rejection and graft loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of eosinophils in acute renal allograft rejection. Data from 71 patients with 114 renal biopsies with acute allograft rejection were compared with those from 26 controls. The median ...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0966-3274(94)90076-0
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To identify the frequency of exposure to sensitizing factors and evaluate the risk ascribable to each sensitizing factor generating HLAabs measured by Luminex. METHODS:This is a retrospective cohort study that included 502 transplanted patients and 51 patients on the waiting list for a deceased donor graft. Patien...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2016.08.003
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is known that the expression level of the heat shock protein (HSP) is elevated in allograft tissues, but the specific role of the HSP in the acute rejection has not been elucidated. This study aims to determine how and when the HSP72 molecule works immunologically in the process of acute allograft rejection from a ...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2004.08.003
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humoral rejection and its relationship with anti HLA antibodies have been extensively studied in organ transplantation with the exception of liver transplantation (LT). Recently, association between donor specific anti HLA antibodies (DSA) and increased risk of rejection and graft loss has been suggested in LT. When s...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2016.01.007
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The immunomodulator, FTY720, lowers the peripheral lymphocyte count (PLC) by inducing migration of circulating lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid organs. We investigated the efficacy of mono- vs. combined-FTY720/CsA therapy on graft survival (GS) and on lowering the PLC in a solid organ and a skin graft model,...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0966-3274(01)00031-4
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alloreactive T-cell responses directed against minor histocompatibility (H) antigens, which arise from diverse genetic disparities between donor and recipient outside the MHC, are an important cause of rejection of MHC-matched grafts. Because clinically significant responses appear to be directed at only a few antigen...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2013.10.005
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The complexity of surgical procedure in mouse heterotopic heart transplantation (HHT) has prevented its widespread use. The present study reported a modified technique - splint tubing technique (STT) based on cuff technique (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS:C57BL/10 and BALB/c mice were performed in syngeneic and...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2011.03.005
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tim-3 was recently described as a Th1-specific molecule, participating in the regulation of immune responses and in the induction of allograft tolerance. Here, we studied Tim-3 mRNA expression together with molecular markers of T-cell activation and cytotoxicity, in rejected human kidney grafts. METHODS:Twe...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2006.11.003
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::C3H mice were immunized by repeated skin grafting with B10.BR tail skin. Ten days after the last immunization mice received 100 micrograms (intravenously) of a variety of different monoclonal antibodies (mAbs: anti-ICAM-1, -LFA-1, -VCAM-1, -VLA-4), alone or in combination, followed by further B10.BR skin grafts. Contr...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0966-3274(95)80007-7
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene expression of the cytotoxic T-cell molecules perforin, granzyme B and Fas ligand are associated with acute rejection in renal allograft recipients. Several immune mechanisms are linked to severe systemic inflammation in brain-dead organ donors. We examined the mRNA expression of these T-cell activation biomar...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2008.12.002
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Brain death impairs donor organ quality and accelerates immune responses after transplantation. Detailed aspects of immune activation following brain death remain unclear. We have established a mouse model and investigated the immediate consequences of brain death and anesthesia on immune responses. METHODS...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2012.04.002
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The outcome of hyperacute grade 3-4 steroid-refractory graft-versus-host-disease (SR-GVHD) remains dismal despite a plethora of agents being tried alone or in combination. Following T replete haploidentical transplantation with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide on 75 patients, 10 patients (13%) aged 2-20years, dev...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2016.08.009
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adoptive cell therapies involving cell manipulation to achieve tolerance are increasingly being studied in animal models and in human trials. We have demonstrated that the specific removal of allo-stimulated dividing cells (or "pruning") promotes long-term allograft survival across a major MHC mismatch in transplant m...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2014.03.002
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study provides data on HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 frequencies among 861 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients from Croatia and estimates the benefit of the kidney exchange program by comparing HLA distribution and assessing HLA mismatches (MMs) within a group of ESRD patients who received kidney grafts from 707 cadav...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2020.101318
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the utility of vascular complement factor 4d (C4d) deposition as diagnostic tool for antibody mediated rejection (AMR) after lung transplantation, has become a controversial issue. We aimed to pinpoint the problematic nature of C4d as biomarker with a simple experiment. We quantified C4d in broncho-al...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2020.101352
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease are leading causes of transplant related mortality despite advancements in immunosuppressive therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a promising addition to immunosuppressive drugs (ISD), while NK-cells are increasingly used as effector cells in graft-versus-leukemia....
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2016.04.008
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), which is a nuclear protein, was reported to enhance the allogeneic responses in transplantation, the effect of HMGB1 on bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is unknown. METHODS:A murine heterotopic tracheal transplantation model was used. Protein concentrations...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2018.11.007
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction of MHC class I Kb cDNA via recombinant retrovirus into B10.AKM (Kk) bone marrow cells (BMC) has been shown to confer specific hyporesponsiveness to B10.MBR (Kb) allogeneic skin grafts in lethally irradiated B10.AKM recipients of the transduced syngeneic BMC. We have recently developed a nonmyeloablative c...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0966-3274(96)80044-x
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::MicroRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that control expression of target genes through inhibiting protein translation or inducing degradation of mRNA transcripts of target genes. According to the latest update, 2578 unique mature miRNAs are currently annotated in the human genome and participate in the regulation of mult...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2017.06.002
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adenoviral gene transfer is a potential ex vivo gene therapy for islet transplantation. However, the immunogenicity of adenoviral vectors can potentially impair vector efficacy in transplants where long-term gene expression is required. We investigated the effect of this antiviral immunity on vector expression and isl...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2009.02.001
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:B cell depletion by anti-CD20 antibody is used in desensitization protocols and for treatment of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). However, little is known about the efficacy and the mechanism(s) of action. METHODS:A mouse model of HLA sensitization was used to study the effectiveness of anti-CD20 treatmen...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2008.05.004
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Donor leucocytes (DL) play an important role in rat liver transplant tolerance and their postoperative administration can convert rejection to tolerance. They appear to induce early activation, altered patterns of infiltration and death of recipient alloreactive T cells. The ability of immunosuppressive drug...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2004.05.003
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The means by which methotrexate (MTX) mediates immunosuppression at low doses remains to be elucidated. MTX has been shown to inhibit the adherence of neutrophils and fibroblasts to endothelial cells in vitro. The hypothesis that MTX treatment may affect cellular adherence by downregulating cell adhesion molecule expr...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0966-3274(98)80026-9
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Since the Fas/Fas Ligand (FasL) interaction has been recognized as an apoptotic pathway, it eliminates the activated T cells and promotes the survival of grafts. In this study, the effect of FasL transfection of pig chondrocytes on allogeneic transplantation was examined in vitro and in vivo. ME...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2008.02.001
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rituximab is frequently used in the setting of ABO-incompatible renal transplants, and highly sensitized patients. Its interference with B-cell flow cytometric crossmatch (B-FCXM) is well known. However, its effect on the T-cell flow cytometric crossmatch (T-FCXM) has not been described. We aimed to evaluate the effec...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2020.101360
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Models of severe combined immuno-deficient (SCID) mice reconstituted with a competent human immune system represent a valuable tool for the study of human immune responses in vivo. Reconstitution with human cells can be achieved using large numbers of peripheral blood lymphocytes, but levels of engraftment are poor an...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2005.07.002
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunisation against Human Leucocyte Antigens (HLA) can be caused by pregnancy, blood transfusion, or organ transplants. The HLA antibody status of a given patient significantly influences their access and waiting time to transplant. For some highly sensitised patients (HSP) there is hardly any suitable donor availabl...
journal_title:Transplant immunology
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1016/j.trim.2020.101354
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00