Abstract：
:In recent years, the utility of vascular complement factor 4d (C4d) deposition as diagnostic tool for antibody mediated rejection (AMR) after lung transplantation, has become a controversial issue. We aimed to pinpoint the problematic nature of C4d as biomarker with a simple experiment. We quantified C4d in broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) of lung transplant patients with diverse post-transplant complications in 3 different settings of clinically clear cases of: 1/ chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD); 2/ acute complications acute rejection (AR), lymphocytic bronchiolitis (LB), antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and respiratory infection (INF); 3/ patients with parallel C4d immunostaining and Anti-HLA. All groups were compared to BAL of stable patients. C4d was measured via standard ELISA. C4d was increased in CLAD, predominantly in RAS (p = 0.0026) but not in BOS (p = 0.89). C4d was increased in all acute events, AR (p = 0.0025), LB (p < 0.0001), AMR (p = 0.0034), infections (p < 0.0001). In patients with parallel C4d immunostaining and serum HLA antibodies, C4d was increased in C4d-/HLA- (p = 0.0011); C4d-/HLA+ (p = 0.013); HLA+/C4d + (p = 0.0081). A correlation of systemic C-reactive protein (CRP) with C4d was found in all patients (r = 0.49; p < 0.0001). We hypothesize that free C4d in BAL may only be representative of a general immune response in the transplanted lung.
journal_name
Transpl Immunoljournal_title
Transplant immunologyauthors
Heigl T,Saez-Gimenez B,Van Herck A,Kaes J,Sacreas A,Beeckmans H,Ambrocio GPL,Kwakkel-Van Erp H,Ordies S,Vanstapel A,Verleden SE,Neyrinck AP,Ceulemans LJ,Van Raemdonck DE,Verbeken E,Verleden GM,Vos R,Vanaudenaerde Bdoi
10.1016/j.trim.2020.101352subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-02-01 00:00:00pages
101352eissn
0966-3274issn
1878-5492pii
S0966-3274(20)30119-2journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Induction and maintenance immunosuppression protocols with or without long-term steroid therapy in kidney transplant recipients are variable and are transplant center-specific. The aim of this prospective randomized pilot study was to compare 5-year outcomes in kidney recipients maintained on 4 different calcineurin i...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2008.08.005
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CD4(+)CD25(high) T cells named regulatory T (Treg) cells are generated and play a key role in the induction and maintenance of transplant tolerance in organ recipients. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) enhance the development of effector cells and is essential for generation of Treg cells. The effect of the anti-CD25 monoclonal a...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2008.01.005
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Administration of anti-intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) plus anti-lymphocyte function associated antigen (LFA)-1 mAb induces tolerance in murine cardiac transplantation, while anti-vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 mAb plus anti-very late antigen (VLA)-4 mAb administration prol...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0966-3274(99)80021-5
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The containment of direct and indirect recognition of donor alloantigens by enhancement of the number and activity of regulatory T cells (Tregs) has been one of the promising approaches to achieve transplant tolerance. Two major methods, dendritic cell (DC) and anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies (Abs) have been introduced for e...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2009.07.004
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pancreas grafts do not survive for lengthy periods, especially in a high-responder rat combination. Recent data indicated that a combined spleen/pancreas graft protects against acute graft rejection and induces donor-specific tolerance. In this study, we performed a combination spleen/pancreas transplantation using hi...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0966-3274(01)00049-1
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical ophthalmologists are highly successful in grafting allogeneic corneas onto healthy eye graft beds--only a small percentage are rejected. By contrast, a high percentage of allografts are rejected when grafted into vascularized or '"high-risk' recipient eyes. The following experiments test the hypothesis that d...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0966-3274(96)80034-7
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dendritic cells (DC) are considered to be the major cell type responsible for induction of primary immune responses. While they have been shown to play a critical role in eliciting allosensitization via the direct pathway, there is evidence that maturational and/or activational heterogeneity between DC in different do...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0966-3274(00)00010-1
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanisms by which alloreactive memory T-cells are generated in non-sensitized individuals have begun to be elucidated. It is generally accepted that a very high level of crossreactivity is an essential feature of the T-cell receptor. Indeed it has recently been shown that alloreactivity from viral specific memor...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2010.06.008
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using specific cell surface receptors lymphocytes continuously sample their environment. Maturation of the immune system and initiation of a specific immune response rely on an array of extracellular cues that elicit complex intracellular biochemical signals. Essential molecules involved in signal transduction from im...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0966-3274(02)00009-6
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The immunomodulator, FTY720, lowers the peripheral lymphocyte count (PLC) by inducing migration of circulating lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid organs. We investigated the efficacy of mono- vs. combined-FTY720/CsA therapy on graft survival (GS) and on lowering the PLC in a solid organ and a skin graft model,...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0966-3274(01)00031-4
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Models of severe combined immuno-deficient (SCID) mice reconstituted with a competent human immune system represent a valuable tool for the study of human immune responses in vivo. Reconstitution with human cells can be achieved using large numbers of peripheral blood lymphocytes, but levels of engraftment are poor an...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2005.07.002
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:After lung transplantation, the major complication limiting the long-term survival of allografts is obliterative bronchiolitis (OB), characterized by chronic rejection. Innate immune responses contribute to the development of OB. In this study, we used a murine heterotopic tracheal transplantation mouse mode...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2018.11.006
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The transcription factor Forkhead Box P3 (FoxP3) is a marker of regulatory T cells (Tregs) - a subset of T cells known to suppress a wide range of immune responses. These cells are considered to be pivotal for the induction of tolerance to donor antigens in human allografts. We aimed to correlate the number ...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2013.08.002
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Molecules of the innate immune response are increasingly recognized as important mediators in allograft injury during and after kidney transplantation. We therefore aimed to establish the relationship between the expression of these genes at implantation, during an acute rejection (AR) and on graft outcome. ...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2018.02.009
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:C3H mice were immunized by repeated skin grafting with B10.BR tail skin. Ten days after the last immunization mice received 100 micrograms (intravenously) of a variety of different monoclonal antibodies (mAbs: anti-ICAM-1, -LFA-1, -VCAM-1, -VLA-4), alone or in combination, followed by further B10.BR skin grafts. Contr...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0966-3274(95)80007-7
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rituximab is frequently used in the setting of ABO-incompatible renal transplants, and highly sensitized patients. Its interference with B-cell flow cytometric crossmatch (B-FCXM) is well known. However, its effect on the T-cell flow cytometric crossmatch (T-FCXM) has not been described. We aimed to evaluate the effec...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2020.101360
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytokines are important factors determining the outcome of transplantation since host ability in cytokine production may be affected by cytokine gene polymorphisms. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of IL-17, IL-23R and IL-21 gene polymorphisms in the outcome of kidney transplantation. A total...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2013.09.006
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last 25 years the importance of the humoral presensitization status of transplant recipients has increasingly been recognized. With greater understanding of the precise specificity of the pretransplant antibody status of recipients it is clear that the graft survival figures will improve. The development of n...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0966-3274(94)90045-0
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) a potent immunosuppressive agent, has recently been approved for clinical use (CellCept) in renal transplant patients in combination with cyclosporine (CsA). With the expanded use of tacrolimus (Prograf) as well in renal transplant patients, there is a lack of pharmacokinetic studies clarif...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0966-3274(97)80042-1
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The novel immunosuppressive agents malononitrilamides (MNA) 279 and 715 are derivatives of A77 1726, the primary metabolite of leflunomide. The effects of these agents have been previously demonstrated in rat skin and cardiac allo- and xenotransplant models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combination of MNA...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0966-3274(99)80036-7
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is known that the expression level of the heat shock protein (HSP) is elevated in allograft tissues, but the specific role of the HSP in the acute rejection has not been elucidated. This study aims to determine how and when the HSP72 molecule works immunologically in the process of acute allograft rejection from a ...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2004.08.003
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mouse hearts transplanted into MHC disparate donors are usually rejected 1 week after placement. It is widely accepted that alloantigen-reactive helper T lymphocytes (HTL) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are the key mediators of acute allograft rejection. This report demonstrates that the presence or absence of 'tra...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0966-3274(95)80028-x
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular and antibody-mediated rejection processes and also interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IFTA) lead to allograft dysfunction and loss. The search for accurate, specific and non-invasive diagnostic tools is still ongoing and essential for successful treatment of renal transplanted patients. Molecular markers ...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2016.09.003
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:TIRC7 delivers essential signals during immune activation as antibodies targeting TIRC7 inhibit lymphocyte proliferation and Th1 cytokine expression in vitro and prolonged kidney and heart allograft survival in vivo. Immunohistochemical analysis of biopsy specimens from human renal allografts undergoing rejection desp...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2006.09.027
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) caused by immunologic activated cells remains a real problem in human allogeneic hematopoetic stem cell transplantation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play some important roles on immunomodulatory. We developed a parent-into-F1 model of acute GVHD to evaluate the mechanisms involved in im...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2009.08.002
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of FK506, and TAK-779, antagonists of CCR5 and CXCR3, were investigated using a rat intestinal transplantation model. Small intestines from DA rats were heterotopically transplanted into LEW rats. The recipients were treated with FK506 (1mg/kg/day, day 0-5) and TAK-779 (10mg/kg/day, day 0-10). Graft surviv...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2011.04.003
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The means by which methotrexate (MTX) mediates immunosuppression at low doses remains to be elucidated. MTX has been shown to inhibit the adherence of neutrophils and fibroblasts to endothelial cells in vitro. The hypothesis that MTX treatment may affect cellular adherence by downregulating cell adhesion molecule expr...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0966-3274(98)80026-9
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Peripheral blood CD4+ T cell adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release has been reported to be an adjunct tool to evaluate global cellular immune response in solid-organ transplant recipients. However, the correlation between the ATP level and rejection was controversial. The aim of this prospective clinical stud...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2013.10.008
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, the signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) gene have been associated with multiple autoimmune diseases. Taking into consideration that the different autoimmune diseases may share some common pathogenetic pathways, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of STAT4 rs7574865 po...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2011.01.001
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) is the leading cause of kidney graft loss worldwide. Criteria for acute humoral rejection (currently labeled active humoral rejection) established by the 2007 Banff classification are highly specific but lack sensitivity. Modifications to the Banff classification were intro...
journal_title：Transplant immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trim.2018.08.008
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
