Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Early onset of mood symptoms in bipolar disorder has been associated with poor outcome in many studies; however, the factors that might contribute to poor outcome have not been adequately investigated. METHODS:The first consecutive 1000 adult bipolar patients enrolled in the National Institute of Mental Health's Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder were assessed at study entry to determine details of their age of onset of mood symptoms. Clinical course, comorbidity, and functional status and quality of life were compared for groups with very early (age < 13 years), early (age 13-18 years), and adult (age > 18 years) onset of mood symptoms. RESULTS:Of 983 subjects in whom age of onset could be determined, 272 (27.7%) experienced very early onset, and 370 (37.6%) experienced early onset. Earlier onset was associated with greater rates of comorbid anxiety disorders and substance abuse, more recurrences, shorter periods of euthymia, greater likelihood of suicide attempts and violence, and greater likelihood of being in a mood episode at study entry. CONCLUSIONS:Very early or early onset of bipolar disorder might herald a more severe disease course in terms of chronicity and comorbidity. Whether early intervention might modify this risk merits further investigation.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
Perlis RH,Miyahara S,Marangell LB,Wisniewski SR,Ostacher M,DelBello MP,Bowden CL,Sachs GS,Nierenberg AA,STEP-BD Investigators.doi
10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.01.022subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-05-01 00:00:00pages
875-81issue
9eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402pii
S0006322304001088journal_volume
55pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:To explore possible disturbances of cerebral monoamines linked to glucose metabolism, 18 schizophrenics, 21 neurotics, and 21 controls were given a 5-hr glucose tolerance test, and the effect of the glucose load on total and free tryptophan, insulin, and free fatty acids in serum was studied in medication-free patient...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Oculomotor tasks are a well-established means of studying executive functions and frontal-striatal functioning in both nonhuman primates and humans. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is thought to implicate frontal-striatal circuitry. We used oculomotor tests to investigate executive functions ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.02.029
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirty-nine patients with major depression were studied to determine the differential effects of desipramine (DMI) and fluoxetine (FLU) on thyroid hormones. Twenty-six percent showed some abnormality in baseline thyroid hormone levels. There were no demonstrable differences for any of the thyroid indices from baseline...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(93)90311-z
更新日期：1993-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Exaggerated corticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol response to the combined dexamethasone (DEX)/corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) test, indicating impaired regulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system, is frequently observed in depression. In the present study, we examined whether chan...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.07.039
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Children who experience chronic stressors are vulnerable to emotional and physical health problems across the lifespan. This phenomenon raises questions for scientists and clinicians alike. How does adversity get under the skin of the developing child? Through what mechanisms does it confer vulnerability to a heteroge...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.05.017
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Increased dopaminergic activity may play a primary role in psychotic depression. Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DbetaH) catalyses the key step in biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter noradrenaline from dopamine, and low DbetaH activity is a possible risk factor for developing psychotic depression. An exon 2 poly...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01367-1
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The reported inverse relationship between indices of central serotonin (5-HT) function and indices of impulsive aggression in human subjects suggests the possibility that enhancement of 5-HT activity will reduce impulsive aggressive behavior. Although evidence for this hypothesis is emerging, the relationshi...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/S0006-3223(97)00309-0
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The addition of lithium to perphenazine altered the pattern of plasma homovanillic acid (HVA) during the course of treatment for acute psychosis. In the perphenazine-treated group plasma HVA declined significantly by days 7-9 of treatment, whereas in the perphenazine-plus-lithium group plasma HVA tended to increase. T...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(92)90190-b
更新日期：1992-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Although most extinction research is conducted in animal laboratories, the study of extinction learning in human fear conditioning has gained increasing attention over the last decade. The most important findings from human fear extinction are reviewed in this article. Specifically, we review experimental investigatio...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.10.006
更新日期：2006-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) alters both concentrations of neurotransmitters or their metabolites and functional activity of central nervous system regions dysregulated in mood disorders. An open trial has suggested efficacy. METHODS:This 10-week, acute, randomized, controlled, masked trial compared adjunc...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.05.025
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The male bias in autism spectrum disorder incidence is among the most extreme of all neuropsychiatric disorders, yet the origins of the sex difference remain obscure. Developmentally, males are exposed to high levels of testosterone and its byproduct, estradiol. Together these steroids modify the course of brain devel...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.10.004
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six female outpatients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) along with four female controls of a similar age range were analyzed for sister chromatid exchangers (SCEs), cell cycle kinetics, and sensitivity to mutagens, in lymphocyte cultures. The mean level of SCEs for the AD patients was 11.40 SCEs/metaphase, while that for...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Disturbances in dopaminergic transmission have been implicated in the etiology of psychotic disorders. Interindividual differences in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences coding for dopamine receptor proteins might contribute to the genetic background of these diseases. We have identified a variation in exon 1 of the...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(93)90236-7
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common known heritable cause of intellectual disability. Prior studies in FXS have observed a plateau in cognitive and adaptive behavioral development in early adolescence, suggesting that brain development in FXS may diverge from typical development during this period. ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.05.038
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Event-related potentials (ERPs) and electrodermal activity were studied in 14 medicated schizophrenics, 17 unmedicated schizophrenics, and 23 age- and education-matched controls. Subjects were run in three auditory stimulus paradigms differing from the usual ERP paradigms in having interstimulus intervals greater than...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(91)90094-3
更新日期：1991-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Dynamic computed tomography (CT) scanning of the brain was performed in 26 patients with primary degenerative dementia (PDD) and in 15 age-matched controls without evidence of a dementing illness. Changes in CT density values over time were obtained for 16 regions of interest (ROIs) that were carefully chosen to avoid...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(90)90410-4
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The author presents six cases of pseudodementia of varying degrees of severity that illustrate the difficulty in making purely clinical diagnoses of pseudodementia and demonstrate the usefulness of ECT in this condition in treatment-resistant patients. In addition, issues of cerebral laterality are raised by one case ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It is uncertain whether the neurobiological abnormalities in schizophrenia emerge at the first episode of the disorder or are present during the prodromal phase. Recent neuroimaging studies indicate that some brain abnormalities are present in subjects at ultra-high-risk (UHR) for schizophrenia. Pre-attentiv...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.12.024
更新日期：2009-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine directly in the brain the status of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor in major depression, the specific binding of the agonists [3H]clonidine and [3H]UK 14304 was quantitated in various brain regions of suicide victims with a retrospective diagnosis of depression or other psychiatric disorders. In depressed suicides...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(92)90259-3
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Glutamatergic dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. However, so far there is limited direct evidence of altered in vivo glutamate concentrations in the brains of patients with schizophrenia. To test the hypothesis that altered glutamatergic neurotransmission might play a ro...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.04.041
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has recently been demonstrated to have antidepressant effects. Some work suggests that rTMS over prefrontal cortex administered to healthy individuals produces acute elevations of mood and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). We sought to determine whet...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(00)01118-5
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pregnancy and the postpartum period are a time of increased risk for women to develop mood disorders. As such, the reproductive safety data on antidepressant use during pregnancy have rapidly expanded over the last decade; however, there is relatively sparse information on maternal/fetal exchange of these me...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00958-6
更新日期：2000-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies raise questions on the relationship between adolescent fears and risk for major depression. METHODS:An epidemiologic sample of 776 young people received psychiatric assessments in 1983, 1985-1986, and 1992. Prospective associations were examined between fears in adolescence and future episode...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01238-0
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Taken as a whole the data presented provide support for Klein's conceptualization of etiologically distinct subtypes of depression. A basic limbic system derangement in endogenous depression is suggested by the higher incidence of DST nonsuppression. Beck's theory that all depressions result from a primary cognitive d...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Family studies of Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD) indicate there is substantial heterogeneity in the familiality of the disorder. This study was done to determine whether there are differences between familial and sporadic probands with early-onset OCD in obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptom categories and comorbid ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.12.022
更新日期：2005-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent research has demonstrated that clinical depression can emerge as early as the preschool period. Here, we examine brain function in children with a history of preschool-onset depression (PO-MDD) in comparison with healthy children. METHODS:Participants were medication naïve school-aged children (ages ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.009
更新日期：2012-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:There is indirect evidence that smoking induces higher enzymatic activity which accelerates the metabolism of many drugs. This influence is inferred from the frequency and magnitude of drug side effects. We could demonstrate that smokers need higher doses of neuroleptic drugs than nonsmokers. ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study evaluated electrophysiological (EEG, ERGs), and cognitive (neuropsychological testing) responses in patients with late luteal phase dysphoric disorder (LLPDD, DSM-III-R) and controls over the menstrual cycle. In both groups, the frequency and stability of electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha activity significan...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(95)00183-2
更新日期：1996-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Animal models of social isolation have been suggested to be relevant to several neuropsychiatric disorders; however, social isolation is usually not purely an alteration of social environment, as it often involves such factors as decreased complexity of the environment, loss of tactile stimulation, and increased metab...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(95)00546-3
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia may be related to morphologic abnormalities of pyramidal neurons in the dorsal prefrontal cortex (dPFC) and the largest pyramidal neurons in deep layer 3 may be most affected. Immunoreactivity (IR) for the nonphosphorylated epitopes of neurofilament protein (NNFP) ident...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00294-4
更新日期：2003-07-15 00:00:00
