Abstract:
:Event-related potentials (ERPs) and electrodermal activity were studied in 14 medicated schizophrenics, 17 unmedicated schizophrenics, and 23 age- and education-matched controls. Subjects were run in three auditory stimulus paradigms differing from the usual ERP paradigms in having interstimulus intervals greater than 12 sec to permit measurement of the longer latency skin conductance response (SCR). In every paradigm medicated but not unmedicated schizophrenics had smaller N120 amplitudes and fewer SCRs than controls. In addition, medicated schizophrenics showed reduced P200 amplitude and latency, longer P320 latency, and reduced skin conductance levels in certain paradigms. These effects cannot easily be attributed to different mental states of medicated and unmedicated patients, since their Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores were almost the same. It is more probable that antipsychotic and antiparkinsonian drugs reduced electrodermal activity through anticholinergic mechanisms and that the antipsychotic drugs attenuated N120 through other biological mechanisms.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
Roth WT,Goodale J,Pfefferbaum Adoi
10.1016/0006-3223(91)90094-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-03-15 00:00:00pages
585-99issue
6eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402pii
0006-3223(91)90094-3journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Five fixed doses of the atypical antipsychotic "Seroquel" (quetiapine) were evaluated to delineate a dose-response relationship, as measured by changes from baseline in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), and Modified Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) summary sco...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00190-x
更新日期:1997-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Accurate recognition of facial expressions is crucial for social functioning. In depressed individuals, implicit and explicit attentional biases away from happy and toward sad stimuli have been demonstrated. These may be associated with the negative cognitions in these individuals. METHODS:Using event-relat...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.10.028
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent studies have suggested that there may be a preferential decrease of "nonpyramidal" neurons (NPs) in several corticolimbic regions of schizophrenic (SZ) brain. The current study was undertaken to determine whether a change in the density of pyramidal neurons (PNs) and NPs might be present in the hippoc...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00138-3
更新日期:1998-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Learned helplessness is a behavioral condition induced by exposure to inescapable stress that models aspects of stress-related disorders including depression and posttraumatic stress disorder, and has been associated with diminished serotonin release in the rat frontal cortex. Our hypothesis was that presynaptic 5-hyd...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(96)00114-X
更新日期:1997-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intimate partner violence (IPV) is one of the most common causes of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in women. Women with IPV-related PTSD often experience comorbid chronic pain and pain-related disability. Despite the high comorbidity between PTSD and chronic pain, recent evidence suggests that male vet...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.03.034
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Treatment approaches for major depressive disorder (MDD) result in approximately one third of patients achieving remission after a first treatment. Added treatment generally improves remission rates, but approximately one third of all patients fail to respond after several treatments (sequential monotherapie...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.12.005
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with selective attention were recorded in 21 children at high-risk for schizophrenia and in 21 matched controls. The subjects performed a selective listening task. For behavioral evaluation, target counts on the selective listening task and on cognitive performance w...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(92)90294-a
更新日期:1992-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The antidepressant-like effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) infusions in brain, and the upregulation of BDNF mRNA and its receptor in rats exposed to electroconvulsive seizure (ECS) and antidepressants, suggested a role for increased BDNF protein. METHODS:We measured BDNF protein levels with...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00073-8
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are implicated in the pathophysiology of affective disorders. To determine whether the 4977-base-pair deletion in mtDNA is more frequent in affective disorders, we quantitated the concentration of this deletion in leukocyte mtDNA in 34 probands with affective disorders (20 bipola...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(96)00377-0
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors examined thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation testing in the neuroendocrine evaluation of DSM-III major depressive disorder in 26 consecutive medication-free, medically healthy patients meeting a primary DSM-III diagnosis of axis II personality disorder. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) respons...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(93)90077-q
更新日期:1993-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and sleep EEG were compared in three different descriptive diagnostic schemes in 70 adult patients with nonpsychotic, unipolar major depressive disorder according to Research Diagnostic Criteria. Endogenous (E)/nonendogenous (NE), primary/secondary, and Winokur's family history...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In humans and animals, corticosteroid excess is associated with impairment in declarative memory and changes in hippocampal structure. In animals, phenytoin pretreatment blocks the effects of stress on memory and hippocampal histology, although no studies have examined the use of phenytoin to prevent cortico...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.021
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proton spectra in the regions of the right and left basal ganglia were studied in 14 medicated patients with chronic schizophrenia using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS). Ratios of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) to choline-containing compounds (Cho) were significantly reduced in the bilateral basal ganglia re...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(95)00316-9
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Children with early-onset disruptive behavior disorder (DBD), especially those with callous-unemotional traits, are at risk of developing persistent and severe adult antisocial behavior. One possible underlying mechanism for persistence is deficient reward and loss sensitivity, i.e., deficient incentive proc...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.08.017
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In four series of studies on schizophrenic patients and normals we found that all the schizophrenics eliminated N, N-dimethyltryptamines in their urine while none of the normals did so. Similarly, with early infantile autism (Studies I and II) and normal controls, this separation between patiens and normals still held...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several findings support the hypothesis that the striatum is implicated in executive functions and in the modulation of goal-directed behavior, and could play a key role in the pathophysiology and in the production of symptoms and signs in schizophrenia. We have studied the relationship between the objective measures ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00017-6
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic stress exposure causes neuronal atrophy and synaptic deficits in the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC), contributing to development of anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors. Concomitantly, microglia in the PFC undergo morphological and functional changes following stress exposure, suggesting that micro...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.026
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic life stress, such as the stress of caregiving, can promote pathophysiology, but the underlying cellular mechanisms are not well understood. Chronic stress may induce recalibrations in mitochondria leading to changes either in mitochondrial content per cell, or in mitochondrial functional capacity (i....
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.01.012
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cannabis use has been reported to increase the risk of developing schizophrenia and to worsen symptoms of the illness. Both of these outcomes might be attributable to the disruption by cannabis of the endogenous cannabinoid system's spatiotemporal regulation of the inhibitory circuitry in the prefrontal cortex that is...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.06.015
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The presence of a comorbid tic disorder may predict a poorer outcome in the acute treatment of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHODS:Using data from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)-funded Pediatric OCD Treatment Study (POTS) that compared cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT), med...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.09.035
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using auditory evoked responses, this work compares the reactivities to unimodal and crossmodal stimuli and the main neurocognitive functions most often disturbed in autism. With the aim of testing the hypothesis that the deficit in the ability to form crossmodal associations in autism is linked to a cognitive abnorma...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(92)90338-z
更新日期:1992-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Our intent was to investigate systematically the overlap between conduct disorder (CD) and bipolar disorder (BPD). We hypothesized that neither CD nor manic symptoms were secondary to the other disorder and that children with the two disorders would have correlates of both. Results from a series of programmatic studie...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00009-x
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To assess the amygdala response to emotional faces in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). METHODS:Ten subjects with current OCD and 10 healthy control subjects underwent fMRI, during which they viewed pictures of fearful, happy, and neutral human faces, as...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.09.029
更新日期:2004-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The evidence that catecholestrogens are formed in the brain and exert behavioral effects in animal models suggest that these steroids might have psychotropic activities. In the present investigation, the formation and metabolism of catecholestrogens were studied in depressed patients. Twenty-four-hr urine samples were...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(90)90455-b
更新日期:1990-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the relationship between low birth weight (LBW) (< or = 2500 g) and specific neurocognitive abilities at 6 years of age in a large-scale nonconcurrent prospective study. In 1990-1992, we randomly selected and evaluated LBW and normal birth weight (NBW) children from the 1983-1985 newborn lists of two major...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(95)00399-1
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent genome-wide association studies have identified genetic loci that jointly make a considerable contribution to risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because neuropathological features of AD can be present several decades before disease onset, we investigated whether effects of polygenic risk are...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.02.033
更新日期:2017-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to determine the effects of intravenous cocaine or placebo administration on human basal ganglia water and metabolite resonances. METHODS:Long echo time, proton magnetic resonance spectra of water and intracellular metabolites were continuously acquired from a...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00897-0
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Addiction relies on persistent alterations of neuronal properties, which depends on gene regulation. Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) is an immediate early gene that modulates neuronal plasticity underlying learning and memory. Its role in cocaine-induced neuronal and behavioral adapt...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.05.025
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent evidence indicates that individuals who are homozygous for the short (s) allele in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene have higher rates of depression and other psychiatric disorders as a function of exposure to increasing levels of stressful life events than do individuals who have ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.10.008
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies at the basic and clinical levels demonstrate that neuronal atrophy and cell death occur in response to stress and in the brains of depressed patients. Although the mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated, progress has been made in characterizing the signal transduction cascades that control neuronal atrophy...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00935-5
更新日期:2000-10-15 00:00:00