Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Glutamatergic dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. However, so far there is limited direct evidence of altered in vivo glutamate concentrations in the brains of patients with schizophrenia. To test the hypothesis that altered glutamatergic neurotransmission might play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, we measured glutamate and glutamine concentrations in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus of patients with chronic schizophrenia using high-field magnetic resonance spectroscopy. METHODS:Twenty-one patients with schizophrenia and 32 healthy volunteers were examined clinically and by means of short echo time single voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus. Absolute concentrations of neurometabolites were calculated. RESULTS:Absolute concentrations of glutamate were significantly higher in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus in the patient group. Factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed no significant interactions between duration of schizophrenia, number of hospitalizations, or type of antipsychotic medication and glutamate concentrations. Increased prefrontal glutamate concentrations were associated with poorer global mental functioning. CONCLUSIONS:This is the first study that reports increased levels of glutamate in prefrontal and limbic areas in patients with schizophrenia. Our data support the hypothesis of glutamatergic dysfunction in schizophrenia.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
van Elst LT,Valerius G,Büchert M,Thiel T,Rüsch N,Bubl E,Hennig J,Ebert D,Olbrich HMdoi
10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.04.041subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-11-01 00:00:00pages
724-30issue
9eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402pii
S0006-3223(05)00502-0journal_volume
58pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Postnatal treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine, evokes anxiety and depressive behavior in rodent models in adulthood. We examined the role of serotonin 2A (5-HT2A), serotonin 2C (5-HT2C) and serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptors, implicated in the development of anxiety, in the beha...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.11.005
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We conducted a meta-analysis to re-evaluate the role of the dopamine D4 receptor gene 48-base-pair- repeat (DRD4) polymorphism in mood disorders. METHODS:DRD4 allele frequencies were compared between 917 patients with unipolar (UP) or bipolar affective disorder (BP) and 1164 control subjects from 12 samples...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.030
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific psychiatric disorders are characterized by impaired selective inhibition or "gating" of responses to sensory or cognitive information. Less is known about gating differences among normal individuals. We tested carefully screened controls in measures of central inhibition: prepulse inhibition (PPI) of startle,...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(94)00138-S
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Considering that platelets have been established to be good peripheral markers for the study of catecholaminergic neurons, we have applied an assay to measure the uptake of (3H)-dopamine (DA) into platelet storage granules (PSG). Recently, we reported that Tourette's syndrome (TS) patients (pts) show decreas...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00476-9
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abnormal adrenocortical regulation has been reported in patients with endogenous depression, including excessive cortisol production with loss of circadian periodicity and decreased suppression by dexamethasone. The inhibitory effect of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) on the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HP...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Altered expression of serotonin-1A (5-HT1A) receptors, both presynaptic in the raphe nuclei and post-synaptic in limbic and cortical target areas, has been implicated in mood disorders such as major depression and anxiety. Within the 5-HT1A receptor gene, a powerful dual repressor element (DRE) is regulated ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.02.033
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the FMR1 premutation is associated with elevated prevalence of psychiatric disorders, the longitudinal course of symptoms has not been established. The present study followed a sample of women with the FMR1 premutation to characterize the incidence, stability, and predictors of mood and anxiety diso...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.07.015
更新日期:2016-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::In an investigation of biological indicators of stress in normal humans, undergraduate psychology students were differentiated on trait anxiety and assessed under baseline, preexam (stress), and postexam conditions. Assessment at each condition involved drawing 20 ml of blood, followed by self-reporting for selected q...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(85)90209-4
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Postmortem studies have documented abnormalities in the medial orbital frontal cortex in depressed patients. In this study we evaluated whether atrophy of this region can be identified in older depressed patients using magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS:Twenty elderly patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for m...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(00)01042-8
更新日期:2000-11-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Structural MRI data indicate schizophrenics have reduced left-sided temporal lobe gray matter volumes, especially in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and medial temporal lobe. Our data further suggest a specificity to schizophrenia spectrum disorders of STG volume reduction. Interpretation of research studi...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00030-x
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common and severe psychiatric illness that affects 1-3% of the population and presents a well-established co-morbidity with major depressive disorder (MDD). Twin and family studies have suggested a genetic component in the etiology of OCD, although the mode of inherit...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00319-9
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:No objective diagnostic biomarkers or laboratory tests have yet been developed for psychotic illness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies consistently find significant abnormalities in multiple brain structures in psychotic patients relative to healthy control subjects, but these abnormalities show subs...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.07.019
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although most extinction research is conducted in animal laboratories, the study of extinction learning in human fear conditioning has gained increasing attention over the last decade. The most important findings from human fear extinction are reviewed in this article. Specifically, we review experimental investigatio...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.10.006
更新日期:2006-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent reports suggest that gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) decreases with coffee intake. The aim of this study was to examine the joint influence of alcohol, tobacco, cotinine, coffee, and caffeine on biological markers of heavy drinking in an alcoholic population. METHODS:Subjects were 160 alcohol-depend...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00438-1
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Various abnormalities of thyroid function have been inconsistently reported in major depression. The inconsistency between studies may be due to several factors including the stage of treatment resistance. METHODS:One hundred and one patients with major depressive disorder receiving their first antidepressa...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00340-0
更新日期:1999-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGOUND:Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is devastating and poorly treated, and innovative targets are actively sought for prevention and treatment. The orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR88 is enriched in mesocorticolimbic pathways, and Gpr88 knockout mice show hyperactivity and risk-taking behavior, but a potential rol...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.01.026
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Interruptions in SSRI treatment have been associated with adverse effects that can resemble depressive illness. We hypothesized that brain regions implicated in depression, with extensive serotonergic innervation, would exhibit changes in activity associated with emergence of symptoms following drug disconti...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01441-5
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Performance on tasks tapping automatic and voluntary aspects of memory, attention, and motor speed was examined in 14 patients with major depressive disorder, before and after 3 weeks of treatment with clomipramine (150 mg/day), a potent serotonin and noradrenaline uptake blocker with anticholinergic side effects. Per...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(91)90179-p
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extensive work in the field has indicated a state-dependent hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HYPAC) functions and unresponsiveness to dexamethasone suppression in at least 50% of patients suffering from endogenous depression. In this study, elderly outpatients, 60-85 years of age, suffering ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of nortriptyline was assessed on the EEG sleep of 20 inpatients with major depressive syndrome. While 25 mg of nortriptyline had an immediate effect on REM sleep variables, relatively little influence on sleep continuity measures was noted. Subsequent administration of 75 and 100 mg of nortriptyline produce...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pharmacological evidence support that enhancement of serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmission is critical for treatment efficacy in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Surprisingly, acute tryptophan depletion (ATD), a procedure known to reduce 5-HT neurotransmission, carried out in remitted OCD patients on select...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.08.023
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence is presented for the occurrence of a locus for schizotaxia on the short arm of chromosome 6. This derives from study of 63 informative members of seven pedigrees in which the proband and a parent (or a sib of parent) suffered with schizophrenia and other kin were either normal or fell within a spectrum of con...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic but not acute treatment with antidepressants increases hippocampal neurogenesis. Because chronic treatment with antidepressants also upregulates p11, we hypothesized that p11 might regulate effects of antidepressants on aspects of neurogenesis. METHODS:Fluoxetine was administered chronically to wild...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.01.024
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five fixed doses of the atypical antipsychotic "Seroquel" (quetiapine) were evaluated to delineate a dose-response relationship, as measured by changes from baseline in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), and Modified Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) summary sco...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00190-x
更新日期:1997-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Selective localization of dopamine D(4) receptors in the prefrontal cortex and preferential affinity of clozapine for the dopamine D(4) receptor over the D(2) receptor led to the hypothesis that the superior efficacy of clozapine may be mediated via blockade of the D(4) receptor. This hypothesis was tested b...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.10.004
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The incubation of cue-induced drug craving in rodents provides a model of persistent vulnerability to craving and relapse in human addicts. After prolonged withdrawal, incubated cocaine craving depends on strengthening of nucleus accumbens (NAc) core synapses through incorporation of Ca2+-permeable alpha-ami...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.04.003
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depersonalization and other behavioral and physiological indices were monitored before and after the administration of high- and low-potency marijuana cigarettes and a placebo cigarette in 35 physically and mentally healthy normal volunteers. The cigarettes were administered under double-blind conditions during three ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(93)90171-9
更新日期:1993-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, so it was expected that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) would be associated with activation of this axis; however, studies have found both increased and decreased cortisol in PTSD. To address this question, we collected saliva cortisol at h...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.05.011
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent genome-wide association studies have identified genetic loci that jointly make a considerable contribution to risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because neuropathological features of AD can be present several decades before disease onset, we investigated whether effects of polygenic risk are...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.02.033
更新日期:2017-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The concentration of kynurenine, a neuroactive tryptophan metabolite, in blood plasma after pharmacologically induced anxiety was studied. Anxiety was provoked in 15 healthy volunteers by an anxiogenic dose of caffeine. Kynurenine concentration was markedly increased at the peak of anxiety and returned to normal after...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(91)90225-b
更新日期:1991-02-15 00:00:00