Abstract：
:The interaction between estrogens and androgens, with their protective effects in bone, and parathyroid hormone (PTH), a calcitropic peptide hormone, is complex but may be better understood with murine models. The purpose of this study was to characterize skeletal phenotypes of mice deficient in estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha), androgen receptor (AR, mutant tfm), or both, and determine if ERalpha and AR alter osteoblast differentiation and/or PTH response in vitro. Loss of ERalpha resulted in increased long bone length in females, but reduced length in males, suggesting loss of ERalpha reversed sex steroid-dependent skeletal dimorphism. The AR deficient tfm mice (genetically male but phenotypically female) had the longest bones and, similar to males, lengths were reduced with loss of ERalpha. Loss of AR and/or ERalpha resulted in a reduction in femoral bone mineral density (BMD) compared to male wildtype (WT) mice, suggesting tfm mice follow the female sex for BMD. In males or tfm mice, but not females, loss of AR and/or ERalpha caused a reduction in cortical width of the tibia compared to male WT mice. Reduced trabecular bone was found in tibiae of female and tfm mice versus male littermates, suggesting that tfm mice follow the female sex for trabecular bone but loss of ERalpha did not alter trabecular bone levels. Primary calvarial osteoblasts of male WT mice were less responsive to PTH stimulation of cAMP than all other genotypes, suggesting the female chromosomal sex and/ or loss of ERalpha or AR results in increased sensitivity to PTH. In conclusion, tfm mice follow the male pattern of long bone development, but imitate females in bone density and trabecular bone. Loss of ERalpha and/or AR results in increased osteoblast sensitivity to PTH and may explain actions of PTH noted in hypogonadal humans.
journal_name
Calcif Tissue Intjournal_title
Calcified tissue internationalauthors
Tözüm TF,Oppenlander ME,Koh-Paige AJ,Robins DM,McCauley LKdoi
10.1007/s00223-004-0119-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-07-01 00:00:00pages
60-70issue
1eissn
0171-967Xissn
1432-0827journal_volume
75pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The effects of fluoride on human enamel and selachian enameloid in vitro were visualized in TEM and analyzed with electron diffraction. It is demonstrated that under precise pH conditions, inducing concentration balance between F-ions and apatite, calcium fluoride is no longer formed, and crystalline changes occur ins...
journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02409406
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A whole-body counter was used to measure the retention and distribution of radioactivity along the longitudinal axis of the body during 10 days after the intravenous injection of 50 microCi of 47Ca. These data and the simultaneous measurements of the serum specific activity allowed us to calculate, by the Bauer-Carlss...
journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02405001
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00223-015-9956-x
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02678146
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002239900723
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00223-004-0228-4
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01352006
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02555150
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02555993
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00296210
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
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journal_title：Calcified tissue international
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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