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Cholesterol-lowering effects of plant sterol esters differ in milk, yoghurt, bread and cereal.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:To measure the relative effects of each of four phytosterol ester-enriched low-fat foods (bread, breakfast cereal, milk and yoghurt) on serum lipids, plasma phytosterols and carotenoids. DESIGN:: Three research centres undertook a randomised, incomplete crossover, single-blind study consisting of four treatment periods of 3 weeks each, one of which was a control period. Each sterol-enriched test food provided 1.6 g/day of phytosterols as sterol esters. SETTING:General Community. SUBJECTS:In all 58, free-living men and women with mean age (s.d.) 54 (8) y, moderately elevated plasma total cholesterol 6.2 (0.7) mmol/l and body mass index 26.2 (3.0) kg/m(2). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Serum lipids, plasma phytosterols and carotenoids. RESULTS:Serum total and LDL cholesterol levels were significantly lowered by consumption of phytosterol-enriched foods: milk (8.7 and 15.9%) and yoghurt (5.6 and 8.6%). Serum LDL cholesterol levels fell significantly by 6.5% with bread and 5.4% with cereal. They were both significantly less efficacious than sterol-enriched milk (P<0.001). Plasma sitosterol increased by 17-23% and campesterol by 48-52% with phytosterol-enriched milk and bread. Lipid-adjusted beta-carotene was lowered by 5-10% by sterols in bread and milk, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:This is the first study to demonstrate that cholesterol-lowering effects of plant sterol esters may differ according to the food matrix. Plant sterols in low-fat milk was almost three times more effective than in bread and cereal. Despite phytosterol-enriched cereal products resulting in lower serum cholesterol reductions compared to sterol-enriched milk, the detection of similar changes in plasma phytosterols demonstrated that such products still delivered and released phytosterols to the gut.

journal_name

Eur J Clin Nutr

journal_title

European journal of clinical nutrition

authors

Clifton PM,Noakes M,Sullivan D,Erichsen N,Ross D,Annison G,Fassoulakis A,Cehun M,Nestel P

doi

10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601837

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2004-03-01 00:00:00

pages

503-9

issue

eissn

0954-3007

issn

1476-5640

pii

1601837

journal_volume

pub_type

临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验

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Cholesterol-lowering effects of plant sterol esters differ in milk, yoghurt, bread and cereal.