Abstract:
:The behavioral consequences of uncontrollable stress that are collectively called learned helplessness (LH) are mediated in part by increased levels of serotonin (5-HT) activity in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and it's projection regions. Recently, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) within the DRN has been implicated in the development of LH because intra-DRN CRH produces LH at very high doses, and because intra-DRN antagonists for the CRH 2 receptor (CRHR2) block LH. Since these behavioral effects are mediated by both 5-HT excitation and CRHR2 activation, we have suggested that CRHR2 mediates excitation of DRN 5-HT neurons. However, CRH has been shown to inhibit DRN 5-HT neurons at low doses that are expected to bind to CRHR1. Since CRHR1 antagonists were ineffective in blocking LH, we have further suggested that CRHR1 might mediate the inhibition of DRN 5-HT neurons. In support of this hypothesis, although low doses of CRH that preferentially bind CRHR1 inhibit DRN 5-HT activity, higher doses at which CRH would be expected to bind both receptor subtypes no longer inhibit DRN 5-HT. In addition, high doses of CRH are required to produce LH, which is known to be mediated by 5-HT excitation, and the CRHR2 agonist urocortin II (UCN II) produces LH at much lower doses than does CRH. The present studies show that intra-DRN CRH microinjection blocks the behavioral effects produced by DRN UCN II, but only at doses that have been shown to inhibit DRN 5-HT activity. Indeed, a higher dose of CRH that has been shown to no longer inhibit DRN 5-HT activity did not affect the behavioral consequences of DRN UCN II. In a separate experiment, the effective dose of CRH blocked the usual behavioral consequences of uncontrollable stress.
journal_name
Behav Brain Resjournal_title
Behavioural brain researchauthors
Hammack SE,Pepin JL,DesMarteau JS,Watkins LR,Maier SFdoi
10.1016/s0166-4328(03)00133-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-12-17 00:00:00pages
55-64issue
1-2eissn
0166-4328issn
1872-7549pii
S0166432803001335journal_volume
147pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become an excellent tool to study mental health disorders, due to its physiological and genetic similarity to humans, ease of genetic manipulation, and feasibility of small molecule screening. Zebrafish have been shown to exhibit characteristics of addiction to drugs of abuse in non-con...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2017.08.001
更新日期:2017-09-29 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of sex and estrous cycle on exploratory behavior, as well as the degree to which reliance on environmental cues changes with training. Fischer 344 rats were placed three times in an open field box that contained three objects (two identical bottles and a ...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(00)00345-4
更新日期:2001-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of heterosexual interactions on the in vivo rate of regional brain monoamine synthesis were examined in the male rat. To this end, the animals were administered an inhibitor of cerebral aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, NSD-1015 (100 mg.kg-1 i.p.), and regional brain DOPA and 5-HTP accumulation, over a ...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(05)80104-4
更新日期:1991-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::In Parkinson's disease both limb and cranial sensorimotor functions are impaired, leading to a profound diminished quality of life for many patients. Toxin and genetic animal models of Parkinson's disease are likely essential for understanding the pathology associated with these impairments as well as for the developm...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.02.034
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study the relationship between 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of dopaminergic innervation of the lateral septum and schedule-induced polydipsia was examined. Animals with lesions were found to have a significant increase in water intake during a test involving an intermittent schedule of food delivery. Additional e...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-4328(85)90012-9
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neural activation following sexual behavior was studied in the male and female rat brain, using Fos-immunoreactivity (Fos-IR) as a measure. In accordance with the available literature, we observed increased expression of c-fos in the medial preoptic nucleus (MPN), in the posteromedial subdivision of the bed nucleus of...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(97)00190-3
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously demonstrated that kindling of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) induced psychosis relevant behaviors only after one, but not after five, stage-5 seizures, suggesting that five stage-5 NAc-evoked seizures antagonized psychosis relevant behaviors in rats. We hypothesized that brain opioid receptors are resp...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2018.09.007
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::When making choices under uncertainty, people usually consider both the risks and benefits of each option. Previous studies have found that weighing of risks and benefits during decision-making involves a complex neural network that includes the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), but the causal effect of this net...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2015.02.037
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methylphenidate (MPH) is widely used as a "nootropic" agent and in the treatment of disorders of attention, and has been shown to modulate synaptic plasticity in vitro. Here we present in vivo evidence that this MPH-induced metaplasticity can last long after the end of treatment. MPH (0, 0.2, 1 and 5mg/kg) was adminis...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2015.05.009
更新日期:2015-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have suggested that ethanol exposure during brain development affects responses to fear and anxiety after maturity. To clarify in detail the impaired behavior related to fear and anxiety seen in rat offspring prenatally exposed to ethanol, their behaviors were observed using an elevated T-maze (ETM) t...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.07.001
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deficits in pre-pulse inhibition (PPI-indicative of psychosis in humans) can be replicated in rats using the NMDA receptor antagonist phencyclidine (PCP). Ultrasonic vocalisations (USVs) produced by rats in response to acoustic startle are indicative of heightened anxiety; here we tested the predictive validity of USV...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2009.03.035
更新日期:2009-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal exercise is known to have beneficial effects in progeny development, but the influence of paternal exercise on the offspring still unclear. Since spermatogenesis is a continuous process, the father's life experiences can reprogram epigenetic content of the sperm and somehow interfere on offspring phenotype. T...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2018.03.040
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) decreased corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-induced behaviors in neonatal chicks, and serotonin is one of the possible mechanisms through which GLP-1 affects CRF-induced behaviors. The present experiments were conducted to confirm the effect of serotonin on CRF-induced behaviors. In ...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2003.08.005
更新日期:2004-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::Although drug rewards and natural rewards share neural substrates, the neuronal activation patterns and mechanisms behind the interaction between cocaine and social reward are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the conditioned place preference (CPP) in social (conspecific) vs cocaine conditioning, and the expres...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2016.05.010
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autism is characterized by deficits in social interaction and social recognition. Although animal models of autism have demonstrated that model animals engage less in social interaction or attend less to conspecifics than control animals, no animal model has yet replicated the deficit in recognition of complex social ...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2015.06.006
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 5-trial inhibitory avoidance test using spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) pups has been used as an animal model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the roles of noradrenergic systems, which are involved in the pathophysiology of ADHD, have not been investigated in this model. In the prese...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2014.05.044
更新日期:2014-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::In an eight-arm radial maze, working and reference memory can be assessed simultaneously in the fixed position of reward task (FPRT) in which half of the arms are baited and their positions are fixed throughout the training trails. We characterized performance of rats in the variable position of reward task (VPRT), in...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(01)00460-0
更新日期:2002-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is known to play physiologically and pathologically crucial roles in the central nervous system. However, it is still obscure whether it affects social behavior. We investigated social behavior and neuronal activation after social stimulation in tPA knockout (KO) mice. In a resident-...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2014.11.022
更新日期:2015-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Anxiety was assessed in rats treated with 5mg/kg of PCP bid for 7 days. One week after withdrawal, measures were collected in the light/dark apparatus and during exposure to a cat odor. PCP decreased time spent in the lit area and number of contacts with a cat collar. PCP thus amplified rats' fear of unprotected envir...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2006.10.017
更新日期:2007-01-25 00:00:00
abstract::Early life stress in rodents is associated with increased amygdala volume in adulthood. In humans, the amygdala develops rapidly during the first two years of life. Thus, disturbed care during this period may be particularly important to amygdala development. In the context of a 30-year longitudinal study of impoveris...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2016.03.050
更新日期:2016-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::A rat model of novelty-seeking phenotype predicts vulnerability to nicotine relapse where locomotor reactivity to novelty is used to rank high (HR) versus low (LR) responders. Present study investigates implication of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) in the basolateral (BLA) and the central (CeA) nuclei of amygdala in be...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2011.11.015
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study showed that the noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, MK-801 {(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydroxy-5H-dibenzo-[a,d]-cyclohepten-5,10-im ine hydrogen maleate}, ketamine, dextrorphan and dextromethorphan attenuated apomorphine-induced climbing behavior in reserpine-treated mice. In a...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(98)00122-3
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exploration in a dark open field undergoes three progressive changes: (i) an initial phase of spending equal amounts of time in various zones of the arena changes to staying in the corners, and ultimately spending most of the time in one corner; (ii) travel paths are first circular and scattered all over the arena, bu...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2006.04.006
更新日期:2006-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this investigation was to examine the effects of threatening (the sight and barking of the dog) or "Neutral" (flash and tone) stimuli on the emotional-aversive response evoked by direct intracerebral application of carbachol in cats. Unilateral microinjections of carbachol in 10 microgram doses and 2 mu1 vo...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-4328(82)90162-0
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of the somatosensory cortex in differentiating various tactile sensations is very important for a person to perceive the surrounding environment. In this study, we utilize a lab-made multi-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to discriminate the hemodynamic responses (HRs) of four differen...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2017.06.034
更新日期:2017-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Human voluntary isometric maximum muscle strength during simultaneous bilateral versus separate unilateral elbow extension and flexion was measured. The following results were obtained. (1) Strength was reduced under the condition of simultaneous bilateral exertion of contralateral corresponding muscles as compared to...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-4328(83)90190-0
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:As an atypical antipsychotic drug, quetiapine had been approved for bipolar disorder and for adjunctive therapy in major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Recently quetiapine has been suggested to be a promising pharmacotherapy for alcohol dependence. This study was performed to determine the effects of...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112561
更新日期:2020-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Injection of the GABA(A) receptor agonist muscimol into the nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh) elicits robust feeding in satiated rats, but has no effect on water intake. The current study was designed to examine whether intra-AcbSh muscimol injections influence the intake of ethanol solutions in rats trained to drink us...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2010.08.032
更新日期:2011-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::BALB/cJ and C57BL/6J inbred mouse strains have been proposed as useful models of low and high levels of sociability (tendency to seek social interaction), respectively, based primarily on behaviors of ∼30-day-old mice in the Social Approach Test (SAT). In the SAT, approach and sniffing behaviors of a test mouse toward...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.08.051
更新日期:2013-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to analyze whether hypertension and changes in nitric oxide (NO) generation are associated with alterations of locomotor activity in rats. Male Wistar rats treated with an inhibitor of NO synthase, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 40 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks, control Wistar rats, spontaneously hyperten...
journal_title:Behavioural brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2006.07.021
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00