Abstract：
:The most commonly used method for specifying the locations of functional areas in the human cerebral cortex is the coordinate system of Talairach and Tournoux (Co-planar Stereotaxic Altas of The Human Brain (1988) Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart). It was designed to locate subcortical nuclei by reference to an axis joining the anterior and posterior commissures. The coordinate system has difficulties, however, when applied to cortical locations: (1) it can be difficult to locate the posterior commissure (PC); (2) the fundamental axis is short, and errors in specifying the axis lead to large errors at the cortical surface; (3) there is no normalisation for brain size. We sought to rectify these problems with a new coordinate system, the Sydney system, in which the fundamental axis runs in the medial sagittal plane from the anterior edge of the corpus callosum to the posterior end of the parieto-occipital sulcus. Normalisation is achieved by dividing all distances by the length of the fundamental axis. Using functionally important points and anatomical landmarks on cadaveric specimens and magnetic resonance images (MRI), three-dimensional coordinates were measured in both the Talairach and Sydney systems. The Sydney system has the following advantages over the Talairach system: (1) the fundamental axis is more than four times longer and is easier to identify; (2) the Sydney system is more precise, in that it reduces the spread of points across the sample; (3) the normalised coordinates allow locations to be compared across individuals, regardless of brain size. We conclude that for the mapping of cortical areas, the Sydney system is potentially an improvement on Talairach's.
journal_name
J Neurosci Methodsjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience methodsauthors
Li DF,Freeman AW,Tran-Dinh H,Morris JGdoi
10.1016/s0165-0270(03)00046-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-05-30 00:00:00pages
137-45issue
1-2eissn
0165-0270issn
1872-678Xpii
S0165027003000463journal_volume
125pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The biological and clinical relevance of axonal transport has driven the development of a variety of new approaches to its study, including the generation of fluorescence or brightfield movies of moving cargoes within axons. Kymograph analysis is a simple and effective tool used to analyze axonal transport in neurons....
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2011.05.013
更新日期：2011-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Sympathetic nerve wiring in the mammalian heart has remained largely unexplored. Resolving the wiring diagram of the cardiac sympathetic network would help establish the structural underpinnings of neurocardiac coupling. NEW METHOD:We used two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy, combined with a compu...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.09.005
更新日期：2014-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapid prototyping (RP) is a useful method for designing and fabricating a wide variety of devices used for neuroscience research. The present study confirms the utility of using fused deposition modeling, a specific form of RP, to produce three devices commonly used for basic science experimentation. The accuracy and ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2008.03.011
更新日期：2008-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:A critical problem in neuroscience is the lack of database tools for integrating neuronal property data. We report here the development of a combined object oriented-relational database (NeuronDB, http://senselab.med.yale.edu/neurondb) that meets these needs by providing tools for integrating data within neurons and c...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-0270(98)00049-1
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was purified from normal bovine brain by a modification of the procedure used to isolate vimentin in order to avoid contamination by other cytoskeletal components: vimentin, neurofilament triplet proteins, tubulin and actin. GFAP is thought to be separated from vimentin in the DE...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(91)90062-5
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Combining multiple linear univariate features in one feature space and classifying the feature space using machine learning methods could predict epileptic seizures in patients suffering from refractory epilepsy. For each patient, a set of twenty-two linear univariate features were extracted from 6 electroencephalogra...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.03.019
更新日期：2013-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Morphometric estimation of neuronal processes is currently laborious and time-consuming, since the individual processes (axons and dendrites) have to be traced manually. In order to facilitate the measurement of cellular processes, we have tested a series of parameters derived from the contour and the convex hull of a...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-0270(97)00165-9
更新日期：1998-01-31 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed a novel, low-cost device designed to monitor and modulate locomotor activity in murine subjects. This technology has immediate application to the study of effects of physical exercise on various neurobiological endpoints, and will also likely be useful in the study of psychomotor sensitization and dr...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.10.020
更新日期：2013-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Microscope chambers that accept glass coverslips with cultured cells are often used to monitor intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) during cell superfusion. Unfortunately, the experimental maneuvers associated with the coverslip installation in these chambers (medium removal and re-application) trigger...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.11.007
更新日期：2018-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Manual measurement of three routine parameters of axon regeneration and myelination, such as axon counts, axon caliber and G-Ratio, is tedious and time consuming. An automated or semi-automated computer program could improve the efficiency of this process. The concern, however, is that the automated method w...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.05.032
更新日期：2014-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:While it has long been recognized that humans recover function after stroke or head injury, the direct impact of drugs on recovery has only recently received attention. The ability of rats to traverse a narrow, elevated beam has proven to be particularly useful when studying the effects of pharmacologic manipulations ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(90)90154-8
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the study was to compare saccadic peak velocity (SPV) values measured with video based Fitness Impairment Tester (FIT) and electro-oculography (EOG) during prolonged wakefulness. We tested different numbers of saccades and two saccade paradigms to improve the EOG measurements for detecting fatigue. The SPVs...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.01.010
更新日期：2010-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we developed an immuno-autoradiographic method to obtain quantitative estimates of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein in tissue sections from post-mortem human brain. Protein from tissue sections containing the locus coeruleus (LC) was directly transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane. Im...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-0270(00)00211-9
更新日期：2000-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Testing electrophysiological recording equipments is an important task in multi-channel extracellular in vivo electrophysiology. In this paper, a miniature, battery powered multi-channel electrophysiological signal-generator (ESG) is described that was designed for this purpose. The device is based on a Xilinx CPLD (C...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.05.017
更新日期：2007-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) includes primary and secondary injuries, while monitoring intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) is conducive to improve the prognosis of patients. However, the function of cerebral venous in this process is still unclear. NEW METHOD:An acute epidural hematoma...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.108448
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cerebral air emboli occur as a complication of invasive medical procedures. The sensitivity of cerebral monitoring methods for the detection of air emboli is not known. This study investigates the utility of electroencephalography and non-invasively measured cerebral oxygen saturation in the detection of int...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.03.009
更新日期：2014-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Generalized linear models (GLMs) have been developed for modeling and decoding population neuronal spiking activity in the motor cortex. These models provide reasonable characterizations between neural activity and motor behavior. However, they lack a description of movement-related terms which are not observed direct...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.03.024
更新日期：2010-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the publication by Marmarou of a new rodent model of head injury, an increasing number of centres are adopting the model for use in a variety of paradigms. We report on two simple methods we have applied which allows us to monitor weight drop velocity and foam stiffness, both of which are critical factors for pr...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0165-0270(96)00046-5
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synthesis of melatonin in the mammalian pineal gland is regulated by the rhythmic expression of acetyl-CoA: serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT) and other unknown factors. To screen for pineal-specific mRNAs potentially involved in melatonin synthesis and/or regulation, differential display PCR (DDPCR) was employed. W...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-0270(97)02237-1
更新日期：1997-05-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The procedure described for the continuous release of vasopressin (VP) in the rat lateral ventricle via implantation of a VP-loaded Accurel/collodion mini-device has now been further developed, allowing the introduction, removal and exchange of the Accurel device through a polyethylene guide cannula. In this way, mani...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(86)90063-4
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method by which muscles, nerves, and a section of spinal cord from a turtle can be stably maintained in vitro for many days has been developed. Tests of the viability of central and neuromuscular synapses, and the histochemical properties of muscle fibers have indicated that the preparation is viable and shows littl...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(89)90029-0
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In spinal cord injury (SCI) research, axon regeneration across spinal lesions is most often assessed using anatomical methods. It would be extremely advantageous, however, to examine the functional synaptic connectivity of regenerating fibres, using high-resolution electrophysiological methods. We have therefore devel...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2011.06.017
更新日期：2011-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of the present study was an improvement of the widely used photoconversion technique, which still represents the major approach to the ultrastructural analysis of tissue labelled with fluorescent dyes. Since free access of oxygen to the tissue is essential for the dye-dependent photooxidation of diaminobenzid...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-0270(96)00150-1
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aberrant central nervous system zinc homeostasis has been reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there are conflicting reports describing zinc concentration either increased or decreased in the brain of AD patients. Such discrepancies may be due to differences in the brain area examined, zinc detection method,...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2011.09.008
更新日期：2012-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell transplantation therapy has raised a great interest in the perspective of its employment for nerve tissue repair. Among the various cell populations proposed, olfactory ensheathing glial cells have raised great interest over recent years, especially in the perspective of their employment for neural repair because...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2009.09.021
更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To establish a novel rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) complicated with prior venous stagnation, and to investigate the role of cerebral venous drainage in neural injury after acute cerebral infarction. NEW METHOD:Eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group and j...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.01.016
更新日期：2019-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The LTP Program is a stimulation, acquisition and on-line analysis program for studying long-term potentiation (LTP), long-term depression (LTD), and stimulus-evoked synaptic responses in general. The program is freely available from the website: www.ltp-program.com. It is a 32-bit DOS program that runs on Windows 3/9...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-0270(01)00374-0
更新日期：2001-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Corticomuscular coherence (CMC) estimation is a frequency domain method used to detect a linear coupling between rhythmic activity recorded from sensorimotor cortex (EEG or MEG) and the electromyogram (EMG) of active muscles. In motor neuroscience, rectification of the surface EMG is a common pre-processing step prior...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2011.11.001
更新日期：2012-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Binding assays for the norepinephrine (NE) transporter (NET) with [3H]nisoxetine have generally yielded weak potencies for compounds related to cocaine and 1-(2-(di(4-fluorophenyl)-methoxy)-ethyl)-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine (GBR 12909), as compared with their functional activity in inhibiting NE uptake. In the prese...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2004.09.015
更新日期：2005-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Normal defaecation involves activation of anorectal mechanoreceptors responsive to pressure and stretch. The aim of this study was to develop selective anal and rectal mucosal light-touch stimulation suitable for measurement of cortical evoked potentials (EPs) in order to explore the sensory arm of these pat...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.09.006
更新日期：2015-12-30 00:00:00
