Abstract:
:In the context of human hematopathology, the terms myelodysplasia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) are applied to disorders of hematopoiesis that are clonal, neoplastic, and, in most forms, manifested as ineffective hematopoiesis with characteristic morphologic abnormalities in multiple cell lines. Studies of human patients have provided the conceptual framework that MDS evolve from a multipotential hematopoietic stem cell (CFU-GEMM) that has undergone neoplastic transformation as the result of acquired genetic mutations. The diagnosis of MDS in human patients is based largely on morphologic examination of marrow but can be confirmed by detection of cytogenetic abnormalities. Spontaneous, neoplastic myelodysplasia occurs in dogs, but rarely. Nonneoplastic syndromes of ineffective hematopoiesis are more common in dogs, can resemble MDS, and are probably immune mediated in many cases. Drugs and their metabolites are potential causes of dysmorphic maturation and ineffective hematopoiesis. Without methods to confirm clonality by cytogenetic analysis, the diagnosis of neoplastic myelodysplasia in dogs is based onlight microscopic examination of bone marrow smears. This paper discusses and illustrates the characteristic morphologic and cytochemical features of neoplastic myelodysplasia and nonneoplastic ineffective hematopoiesis in dogs.
journal_name
Toxicol Patholjournal_title
Toxicologic pathologyauthors
Blue JTdoi
10.1080/01926230390177659subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-01-01 00:00:00pages
44-8eissn
0192-6233issn
1533-1601journal_volume
31 Supplpub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Focal spontaneously occurring eosinophilic hypertrophic cells, histomorphologically resembling oncocytes and hepatocytes, were observed in the pancreas from 11 (0.3%) of 4,177 Sprague-Dawley rats, 3 to 26 months old. The age of these eleven rats ranged from 13 to 25 months. The incidence was not different between sexe...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262338701500101
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laser scanning cytometry (LSC) is a powerful tool for qualitative and quantitative analysis of tissue sections in preclinical drug development. LSC combines the strengths of flow cytometry with tissue architecture retention. This technology has been used predominantly with immunofluorescent techniques on cell culture ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0192623307312704
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historical control tumor data are useful in the interpretation of long-term rodent carcinogenicity bioassays, especially to assess the occurrence of rare tumors and marginally increased tumor incidences. The major prerequisites to compare historical control data with studies under evaluation are the validity and consi...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/01926230252824743
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aroclor 1254, at a dose level of 280 micrograms/kg body weight equivalent to 200 micrograms/kg/day, was given 5 days per week to rhesus monkeys over a 27 to 28 month period. Terminal clinical signs of varying severity included fingernail detachment, exuberant nail beds, weight loss, stomatitis and normocytic anemia. A...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262338601400101
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to synthetic fibers with employment in textile mills can be associated with an elevated risk of interstitial lung disease (ILD). A mechanism of injury has not been determined. ILD can follow exposures to inorganic fibers (e.g., asbestos) which are associated with a mobilization of iron and catalysis of an oxi...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230600932448
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conazoles are a class of azole based fungicides used in agriculture and as pharmaceutical products. They have a common mode of antifungal action through inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis. Some members of this class have been shown to be hepatotoxic and will induce mouse hepatocellular tumors and/or rat thyroid fol...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230601047808
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In standard toxicity studies, the cardiac conduction tissue is not systematically sampled and examined for histopathological changes. Most methods described use serial sectioning perpendicular to the long axis of the sinoauricular node (SAN) and atrioventricular node (AVN). Dozens of slides are needed to allow examina...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339502300107
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pentostatin, an adenosine deaminase inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of refractory hairy cell leukemia. In a preclinical toxicity study, Wistar rats were administered 0, 1, 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg (0, 6, 60, 150, and 300 mg/m2, respectively) pentostatin intravenously once a week for 26 wk (1.5-75-fold above...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339402200506
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatic microsomal enzymes play an important role in thyroid hormone homeostasis. Glucuronidation of thyroxine is the rate limiting step in the biliary excretion of thyroxine in the rat; the monodeiodinases are important in the conversion of T4 to T3 and reverse T3 and subsequent deiodinations. Phenobarbital is known ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262338901700206
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apoptosis is a highly regulated mechanism of cell death. Although apoptosis has a functional role in normal development and tissue homeostasis, aberrant triggering of the process by toxicants may lead to abnormal function or disease. Low level exposures to toxicants that induce apoptosis in kidney may therefore create...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262339802600615
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The evaluation of neurotoxic damage involves a unique set of challenges. Vulnerable structures, such as neocortex, hippocampus, spinal cord, and peripheral nerve are complex and sharply differentiated; deficits can result from insults to one or more element(s) in the system (e.g., myelin, axon, soma, synapse, or glia)...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0192623310390231
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in humans worldwide. There is strong evidence that the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and its metabolite 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) play an important role in carcinogenesis caused ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623317751573
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a substantial increase in the number and efficacy of laboratory biomarkers for the evaluation of human cardiac injury over the last decade. The advantages of these over traditional laboratory tests have encouraged adoption of comparable markers in nonclinical studies for cardiac injury assessment. Of pa...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/01926230500519816
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory guidelines for nonclinical neurotoxicity testing require spinal cord evaluation but do not specify a trimming scheme. The Society of Toxicologic Pathology (STP) "best practices" for nervous system sampling during nonclinical general toxicity studies recommend that spinal cord be assessed in both longitudina...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623317720120
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase that is an important signaling enzyme downstream of immunoreceptors containing an intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine activating motif (ITAM). These receptors encompass a wide variety of biological functions involved in autoimmune disease pathogenesis. Th...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623316654015
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We believe the development and validation of in vitro alternatives to eliminate the need to use animals in ocular irritation testing must be based on a thorough understanding of the mechanisms of ocular irritation. We have recently undertaken the task of developing such an understanding for a panel of surfactants. The...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339802600206
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicologists and pathologists worldwide will benefit from a new, website-based, and completely searchable Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas just released by the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP). The atlas is a much-needed resource with thousands of high-quality, zoomable images and diagnostic guidelines for each roden...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623313517304
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this session were to explore causes of variability in clinical pathology data due to preanalytical and analytical variables as well as study design and other procedures that occur in toxicity testing studies. The presenters highlighted challenges associated with such variability in differentiating te...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623316675766
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In tissue slice models, interactions between the heterogeneous cell types comprising the lung parenchyma are maintained thus providing a controlled system for the study of pulmonary toxicology in vitro. However, validation of the model in vitro system must be affirmed. Previous reports, in in vivo systems, have demons...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230390183689
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transgenic mouse strains offer the prospect of significant benefits in the in vivo assessment of carcinogenic potential. The European Regulatory Authorities have been supportive of their inclusion as one of the second-test options in the International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for the Regis...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/01926230252824879
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Direct tissue profiling and imaging mass spectrometry (MS) allow for detailed mapping of the complex protein pattern across a tissue sample. Utilization of these tools provides spatial information across a tissue section for target protein expression and can be used to correlate changes in expression levels with speci...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/01926230590881862
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe 2 cases of a relatively rare tumor diagnosed as pituicytoma in the pars nervosa of rat pituitary. This tumor was spontaneously noted in one 110-week-old female and one 109-week-old male Fischer 344 (F344)/DuCrj rats during 2-year carcinogenicity studies. Although no gross abnormality of the pituitary was d...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262330002800612
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyaline droplet formation in the proximal tubular cells of the kidney commonly occurs under different pathological conditions in experimental animals. In rats, intracytoplasmic hyaline droplet formation is predominantly associated with accumulation of the male rat-specific alpha(2u)-globulin, whereas under other (path...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230390213775
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This brief review summarizes our current understanding of vasculitis mediated by phlogistic immune complexes. The Arthus reaction and serum sickness both represent experimental models for immune complex disease. Immune complex phenomena occur in conjunction with C3 deficiency of dogs during canine distemper virus infe...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262338901700107
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The histologic effect of 400 mg/M2/day of hydrocortisone, given alternatively from day 7 to day 19 after birth, was studied on the spleen of the immunologically immature rat. Two days after the cessation of treatment, the periarteriolar lymphatic sheaths were found to be largely depleted of small lymphocytes. Immunope...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339302100406
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Duplications of the gastrointestinal tract are exceedingly rare in laboratory animals. We report a case of a communicating intestinal duplication in a 17-wk-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat. The duplication was present in the mesenteric border of the ileum, and both proximal and distal ends were communicated with the lumen...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339802600216
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An annular, reddened lesion with mild serosal hemorrhage and no tumorous mass formation was detected in the right uterine horn of a 37-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rat that had postpubertal vaginal bleeding. Histological examination revealed prominent proliferation of the endometrium, which occupied the uterine lume...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623313476575
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 2015 Annual National Toxicology Program Satellite Symposium, entitled "Pathology Potpourri" was held in Minneapolis, Minnesota, at the American College of Veterinary Pathologists/American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology/Society of Toxicologic Pathology combined meeting. The goal of this symposium is to p...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type:
doi:10.1177/0192623316631844
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cell-transformation assay represents a short-term in vitro assay capable of predicting rodent carcinogenicity of chemicals with a high degree of concordance (LeBoeuf et al [1996]. Mutat Res 356: 85-127). The SHE assay models the earliest identifiable stage in carcinogenicity, morphologi...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/019262301753178546
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In organs with diverse cell populations, it is not uncommon for one type of cell to respond while others are spared. Even in an organ with common cell types, such as hepatocytes within the liver, the population of cells may respond with different sensitivities for injury or for biochemical responses to toxicants. In t...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/01926230252824789
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00