Abstract:
:The effect of basal insulin on global and regional brain glucose uptake and metabolism in humans was studied using 18-fluorodeoxyglucose and positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). Eight healthy male volunteers aged 49.3 +/- 5.1 years were studied twice in random order. On each occasion, they received an infusion of 0.1 mg. kg(-1). min(-1) somatostatin to suppress endogenous insulin production. In one study 0.3 mU. kg(-1). min(-1) insulin was infused to replace basal circulating insulin levels, and in the other study a saline infusion was used as control. We sought stimulatory effects of basal insulin on brain glucose metabolism particularly in regions with deficiencies in the blood-brain barrier and high density of insulin receptors. Insulin levels were 27.07 +/- 1.3 mU/l with insulin replacement and 3.51 +/- 0.4 mU/l without (P = 0.001). Mean global rate of brain glucose utilization was 0.215 +/- 0.030 mmol. kg(-1). min(-1) without insulin and 0.245 +/- 0.021 mmol. kg(-1). min(-1) with insulin (P = 0.008, an average difference of 15.3 +/- 12.5%). Regional analysis using statistical parametric mapping showed that the effect of basal insulin was significantly less in the cerebellum (Z = 5.53, corrected P = 0.031). We conclude that basal insulin has a role in regulating global brain glucose uptake in humans, mostly marked in cortical areas.
journal_name
Diabetesjournal_title
Diabetesauthors
Bingham EM,Hopkins D,Smith D,Pernet A,Hallett W,Reed L,Marsden PK,Amiel SAdoi
10.2337/diabetes.51.12.3384subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-12-01 00:00:00pages
3384-90issue
12eissn
0012-1797issn
1939-327Xjournal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
DIABETES文献大全abstract::Recently, a new stage in glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (fasting plasma glucose level of 6.1-6.9 mmol/l), was introduced in addition to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (2-h glucose level of 7.8-11.0 mmol/l). It is not clear whether IFG and IGT differ with respect to insulin secretion or sensitivity...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.49.6.975
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:MBL2 encodes the mannose-binding lectin, which is a key player in the innate immune system and has recently been found to play a role in insulin resistance and development of type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus. To assess the role of MBL2 in diabetes susceptibility, this gene was analyzed in the...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1593
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific binding of [3H]SCH 23390 to dopamine D1 receptors in the striatum and olfactory tubercle in 14-day alloxan-induced diabetic rats was investigated. The Scatchard analysis revealed decreased D1 receptor density in the striatum (Bmax values were 548 +/- 23 fmol/mg protein for the control and 466 +/- 33 fmol/mg f...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.41.9.1119
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal morbidity was assessed in the offspring of 878 mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), 132 mothers with pre-GDM, and 380 control subjects. Compared with the control group, the GDM group had a higher incidence of complications, including macrosomia, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, hypocalcemia, pol...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.40.2.s74
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The secretion of insulin from β-cells depends on extracellular factors, in particular glucose and other small molecules, some of which act on G-protein-coupled receptors. Fatty acids (FAs) have been discussed as exogenous secretagogues of insulin for decades, especially after the FA receptor GPR40 (G-protein-coupled r...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db17-1215
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::NO has been identified recently as the prime islet-toxic product of inflammatory macrophages. The adverse effects of IL-1 on isolated islets also have been reported to involve NO. We now show that exposure of an islet cell suspension to the NO donor nitroprusside or to activated macrophages leads to DNA strand breaks....
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.42.3.496
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) was combined with antirejection therapy in four diabetic recipients of pancreas and kidney grafts with persisting hyperglycemia due to pancreas rejection. In three of the patients, full function of the pancreas was restored after as many as 40, 86, and 139 days of CSII. ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.38.1.s71
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Na+-pumping activity of the erythrocyte plasma membrane in diabetic subjects was studied together with the lipid composition. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (n = 25) were divided into young (28.1 +/- 7.4 yr old, mean +/- SD; n = 16) and old (7.17 +/- 9.8 yr old; n = 10) subjects; the age of no...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.38.7.825
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circadian rhythms are integral to the normal functioning of numerous physiological processes. Evidence from human and mouse studies suggests that loss of rhythm occurs in obesity and cardiovascular disease and may be a neglected contributor to pathophysiology. Obesity has been shown to impair the circadian clock mecha...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1740
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection of autoimmune New Zealand mice with the D variant of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus results in beta-cell damage and clinical diabetes. The induction of diabetes in parental NZB and NZW strains was independent of sex. However, the susceptibility to virus-induced diabetes in their F1 offspring was sex depend...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.32.8.755
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) are key signaling molecules for pancreas development. Although FGFR3 is a crucial developmental gene, acting as a negative regulator of bone formation, its participation remains unexplored in pancreatic organogenesis. We found that FGFR3 was expressed in the...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db05-1073
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate how the D-cell recognizes the glucose stimulus, the hormone response to (1) glucose, (2) the trioses glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone, (3) the metabolic blocker, mannoheptulose, and (4) the low- or nonmetabolized sugars galactose, fructose, or ribose were studied using the isolated dog pancreas. We f...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.30.3.203
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is evidence from animal models of obesity and type 2 diabetes that increased parasympathetic vagal input to the pancreas contributes to hyperinsulinemia. Compared with Caucasians, Pima Indians have a high risk of type 2 diabetes and exhibit marked hyperinsulinemia and elevated plasma levels of pancreatic polypep...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.3.663
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are the most recently approved class of diabetes drugs. Unlike other agents, SGLT2 inhibitors act on the kidney to promote urinary glucose excretion. SGLT2 inhibitors provide multiple benefits, including decreased HbA1c, body weight, and blood pressure. These drugs hav...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2337/dbi18-0006
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been proposed that insulin-mediated changes in muscle perfusion modulate insulin-mediated glucose uptake. However, the putative effects of insulin on the microcirculation that permit such modulation have not been studied in humans. We examined the effects of systemic hyperinsulinemia on skin microvascular funct...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.5.1515
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) constitutes a putative mechanism of obesity-induced insulin resistance. Thus, we hypothesized that inhibiting the SNS by using renal denervation (RDN) will improve insulin sensitivity (SI) in a nonhypertensive obese canine model. SI was measured using euglycemic-hyper...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db16-0698
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic and inflammatory abnormalities including obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis. The fatty acid binding proteins aP2 (fatty acid binding protein [FABP]-4) and mal1 (FABP5) are closely related and both are expressed ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.2.300
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic microangiopathy is a slowly progressive condition that usually manifests itself years after the onset of the carbohydrate-metabolism disturbance. It is a far more striking problem in some diabetics than in others. Differences in the pattern of its effect in several body systems suggest that the local vascular...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A reduced thermic effect of glucose in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) has been previously reported. To investigate whether this defect is related to 1) a decreased rate of glucose storage, 2) a reduced energy cost of glucose storage, or 3) a defect in the sympathetically mediated component of thermoge...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.36.12.1441
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dysfunctional T cells can mediate autoimmunity, but the inaccessibility of autoimmune tissues and the rarity of autoimmune T cells in the blood hinder their study. We describe a method to enrich and harvest autoimmune T cells in vivo by using a biomaterial scaffold loaded with protein antigens. In model antigen system...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db16-0946
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exercise bypasses insulin resistance to increase glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and therefore represents an important alternative to stimulate glucose uptake in insulin-resistant muscle. Both Rac1 and AMPK have been shown to partly regulate contraction-stimulated muscle glucose uptake, but whether those two signali...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db16-1138
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article examines the role of the autonomic nervous system in mediating the increase of glucagon secretion observed during insulin-induced hypoglycemia (IIH). In the first section, we briefly review the importance of the alpha-cell response in recovery from hypoglycemia under both physiologic conditions and pathop...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2337/diabetes.47.7.995
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity is a common problem in Western society and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Energy homeostasis is regulated by a complex system involving both peripheral signals such as leptin and a number of orexigenic and anorectic neuropeptides. Obesity can result from dysregulation of the peripheral...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.49.7.1073
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inadequate beta-cell function is an essential component of all forms of diabetes. The most obvious problem is a failure to maintain sufficient beta-cell mass and function to cope with whatever insulin resistance is present. The most striking functional defect is a loss of acute glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS)...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2337/diabetes.50.2007.s154
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In the present study, we aimed to validate the type 2 diabetes susceptibility alleles identified in six recent genome-wide association studies in the HHEX/KIF11/IDE (rs1111875), CDKN2A/B (rs10811661), and IGF2BP2 (rs4402960) loci, as well as the intergenic rs9300039 variant. Furthermore, we aimed to character...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2337/db07-0856
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently showed that a peptide of the M(r) 60,000 heat shock protein molecule, designated peptide p277, is a target of T-cells in autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. Indeed, the p277 peptide could be used as a therapeutic agent to arrest the autoimmune process even after it was far advanced. The present study was done...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.44.9.1132
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the relationship between the aldose reductase gene and diabetic complications, an (A-C)n dinucleotide repeat sequence 2.1 kb upstream of the transcription start site of this gene was identified and studied. There are seven alleles at this locus with a polymorphism information content of 0.73 and a heterozygos...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.44.7.727
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship of plasma glucose levels to risk of death over a five-year follow-up period was studied in 2,770 male survivors of myocardial infarction in the placebo group of the Coronary Drug Project (CDP). In univariate analyses, a positive association was observed between mortality rates and both fasting and one...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peripheral somatic and autonomic nerve function have been studied in 79 teenage (16-19 yr) diabetics and 20 age- and sex-matched normal controls. Almost three-quarters of the diabetics (72%) had abnormal peripheral somatic nerve function tests, and one-third (31%) had abnormal cardiac parasympathetic tests. Both motor...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.32.2.142
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary hyperlipidemia is a major cardiovascular risk factor in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Increased hepatic production of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins contributes to the elevated plasma levels, but the mechanism is poorly understood. Recent results have established that microsomal triglyce...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.4.1233
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00