Abstract:
:Recently, a new stage in glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (fasting plasma glucose level of 6.1-6.9 mmol/l), was introduced in addition to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (2-h glucose level of 7.8-11.0 mmol/l). It is not clear whether IFG and IGT differ with respect to insulin secretion or sensitivity. To address this question, we estimated insulin secretion (by measuring both insulin levels and the ratio of insulin-to-glucose levels in 30-min intervals) and insulin sensitivity (by using the homeostasis model assessment [HOMA] index) from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 5,396 individuals from the Botnia Study who had varying degrees of glucose tolerance. There was poor concordance between IFG and IGT: only 36% (303 of 840) of the subjects with IFG had IGT, whereas 62% (493 of 796) of the subjects with IGT did not have IFG. Compared with subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), subjects with IFG were more insulin resistant (HOMA-insulin resistance [IR] values 2.64 +/- 0.08 vs. 1.73 +/- 0.03, P < 0.0005), had greater insulin responses during an OGTT (P = 0.0001), had higher waist-to-hip ratios (P < 0.005), had higher triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations (P < 0.0005), and had lower HDL cholesterol concentrations (P = 0.0001). Compared with subjects with IFG, subjects with IGT had a lower incremental 30-min insulin-to-glucose area during an OGTT (13.8 +/- 1.7 vs. 21.7 +/- 1.7, P = 0.0008). Compared with subjects with IGT, subjects with mild diabetes (fasting plasma glucose levels <7.8 mmol/l) showed markedly impaired insulin secretion that could no longer compensate for IR and elevated glucose levels. A progressive decline in insulin sensitivity was observed when moving from NGT to IGT and to subjects with diabetes (P < 0.05 for trend), whereas insulin secretion followed an inverted U-shaped form. We conclude that IFG is characterized by basal IR and other features of the metabolic syndrome, whereas subjects with IGT have impaired insulin secretion in relation to glucose concentrations. An absolute decompensation of beta-cell function characterizes the transition from IGT to mild diabetes.
journal_name
Diabetesjournal_title
Diabetesauthors
Tripathy D,Carlsson M,Almgren P,Isomaa B,Taskinen MR,Tuomi T,Groop LCdoi
10.2337/diabetes.49.6.975subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-06-01 00:00:00pages
975-80issue
6eissn
0012-1797issn
1939-327Xjournal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
DIABETES文献大全abstract::Earlier investigations have revealed that polyethylene glycol-B1-insulin (PEG insulin) causes lower utilization of glucose in fat cells than does the unaltered hormone, even though the blood glucose-lowering activity of both preparations in intact animals is identical. The present study was aimed to establish whether ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.32.10.953
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Physical inactivity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and may be more detrimental in first-degree relative (FDR) subjects, unmasking underlying defects of metabolism. Using a positive family history of type 2 diabetes as a marker of increased genetic risk, the aim of this study was to investigate the impac...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-0320
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic hyperglycemia causes near-total disappearance of glucose-induced insulin secretion. The etiology has been suggested to be a nonsustainable stimulation of insulin release that causes beta-cells to become unresponsive to glucose through an undefined mechanism. We used an inhibitor of insulin secretion, diazoxide...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.43.2.173
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an ongoing investigation of the effects of age on G protein-coupled receptor signaling in human atrial tissue, we have found that the density of atrial muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) increases with age but reaches statistical significance only in patients with diabetes. Moreover, we find that in elderly ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.9.2392
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well described that excessive lipid metabolism can cause insulin resistance in both animals and humans, and this has been implicated as a causative factor in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in humans. Recently, we have shown that intravenous lipid emulsion (liposyn) infusion during a 12...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.6.1907
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human fetal pancreas has been obtained after the therapeutic termination of pregnancy with prostaglandin F2 alpha. Pancreatic explants were studied in a perifusion system and maintained in organ culture for up to 3 wk. Insulin biosynthesis was stimulated by glucose; however, the incorporation of 3H-L-leucine into proi...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.29.1.s57
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In renal transplant recipients (RTRs), new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is a frequent and serious complication limiting survival of graft and patient. However, the underlying pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. In vitro and in preclinical models, HDL can preserve β-cell function, largely b...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db18-1267
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-specific protein with insulin-sensitizing and antiatherogenic properties. Therefore, the adiponectin gene is a promising candidate gene for type 2 diabetes. We investigated the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) +45T/G and +276G/T of the adiponectin gene as predictors for the conve...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.3.893
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The success of the Edmonton Protocol for islet transplantation has provided new hope in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. This study reports on the assessment of 83 human islet grafts transplanted using the Edmonton Protocol since 1999. Cellular composition, as assessed by immunohistochemistry, showed a lower islet pu...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.12.3107
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetics of in vivo insulin-mediated glucose uptake in human obesity have not been previously studied. To examine this, we used the glucose-clamp technique to measure whole-body and leg muscle glucose uptake in seven lean and six obese men during hyperinsulinemia (approximately 2000 pM) at four glucose levels (app...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.39.8.965
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the mechanism of the arginine-induced rise in blood glucose concentration, splanchnic glucose output (SGO) and precursor uptake were studied during i.v. infusion of arginine (30 g/30 min) with and without somatostatin infusion (500 microgram/h, 90 min) in postabsorptive and in 60-h fasted healthy subjects. ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.28.2.126
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two similar intravenous infucion techniques have been utilized to investigate insulin sensitivity in young subjects with recent-onset ketosis-prone diabetes mellitus. All subjects presented initially with mild to moderately severe ketoacidosis and had been treated with daily insulin therapy for two to eight weeks at t...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.26.4.278
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::IDDM results from immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells in individuals genetically susceptible for the disease. There is evidence that the 65-kDa isoform of GAD plays a critical role in the induction of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. In humans, it is still unclear when and to what be...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2337/diab.45.7.967
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antihyperglycemic drug dimethylbiguanide (DMB, also known as metformin) reduces the risk of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes, although the mechanism(s) involved are unclear. DMB reduces glycosylation-related protein cross-linking, a process similar to fibrin cross-linking catalyzed by activated fact...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.1.189
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Uncoupling protein 1+ beige adipocytes are dynamically regulated by environment in rodents and humans; cold induces formation of beige adipocytes, whereas warm temperature and nutrient excess lead to their disappearance. Beige adipocytes can form through de novo adipogenesis; however, how "beiging" characteristics are...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db17-0296
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antidiabetic thiazolidinediones, which include troglitazone and rosiglitazone, are ligands for the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma and exert their antihyperglycemic effects by regulation of PPAR-gamma-responsive genes. We report here that PPAR-gamma activation by troglitazo...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.49.4.539
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic microangiopathy is a slowly progressive condition that usually manifests itself years after the onset of the carbohydrate-metabolism disturbance. It is a far more striking problem in some diabetics than in others. Differences in the pattern of its effect in several body systems suggest that the local vascular...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The catabasis of inflammation is an active process directed by n-3 derived pro-resolving lipid mediators. We aimed to determine whether high-fat (HF) diet-induced n-3 deficiency compromises the resolution capacity of obese mice and thereby contributes to obesity-linked inflammation and insulin resistance. RE...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-0054
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are frequent at or before the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). We have developed a simple, reproducible, and quantitative immunoprecipitation radioligand assay using as antigen in vitro transcribed and translated [35S]methionine-labeled human isle...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.43.3.459
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is used to assess the progression of renal disease. We performed linkage analysis to localize genes that influence GFR using estimated GFR data from the San Antonio Family Diabetes/Gallbladder Study. We also examined the effect of genotype by diabetes interaction (G x DM) on t...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-0984
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate whether mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4gamma, a transcription factor homologous to HNF-4alpha, contribute to the etiology of early-onset type 2 diabetes. Linkage between diabetes and two polymorphic markers at the HNF-4gamma locus (D8S286 and D8S548) was evaluate...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.10.2099
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of the study was to examine the potential differential effect of insulin and acipimox (both of which reduce free fatty acid [FFA] availability) on VLDL apolipoprotein (apo) B metabolism. We studied eight healthy men (age 40 +/- 4 years, BMI 25.8 +/- 0.9 kg/m2, plasma triglycerides 1.30 +/- 0.12 mmol/l) a...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/diabetes.47.5.779
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of cerebral intraventricular insulin on pancreatic insulin secretion was investigated. An extracorporeal pancreatic blood circuit was established after laparotomy to monitor blood flow and insulin concentration directly from the superior pancreaticoduodenal vein. Phentolamine was infused throughout (0.2 mg....
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.24.10.910
更新日期:1975-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetics, epigenetics, and environment may together affect the susceptibility for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aim was to dissect molecular mechanisms underlying T2D using genome-wide expression and DNA methylation data in adipose tissue from monozygotic twin pairs discordant for T2D and independent case-control cohorts...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-1459
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been proposed that insulin-mediated changes in muscle perfusion modulate insulin-mediated glucose uptake. However, the putative effects of insulin on the microcirculation that permit such modulation have not been studied in humans. We examined the effects of systemic hyperinsulinemia on skin microvascular funct...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.5.1515
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes is characterized by altered metabolism of key molecules and regulatory pathways. The phenotypic expression of diabetes and associated complications encompasses complex interactions between genetic, environmental, and tissue-specific factors that require an integrated understanding of perturbations in the netw...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2337/db14-0509
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impaired effectiveness of glucose to suppress endogenous glucose production (EGP) is an important cause of worsening hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes. Elevated free fatty acids (FFAs) may impair glucose effectiveness via several mechanisms, including rapid changes in metabolic fluxes and/or more gradual changes in gen...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db05-0988
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic β-cells play a pivotal role in maintaining normoglycemia. Recent studies have revealed that the β-cell is not a homogeneous cell population but, rather, is heterogeneous in a number of properties such as electrical activity, gene expression, and cell surface markers. Identification of specific β-cell subpop...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db19-0072
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isologous pancreatic islets were implanted into the portal vein of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. At intervals of from one to 32 days after transplantation, the intrahepatic islet grafts were examined histologically and ultrastructurally, and their vascular supply was determined by later perfusion studies....
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.26.3.201
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although decreased levels of circulating insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I) and hepatic IGF-I mRNA in diabetic animal models support a role for insulin in IGF-I regulation, it has been difficult to study the effects of insulin in vitro. Few immortal cell lines exhibit hormone-responsive production of IGF-I, and studi...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.40.11.1525
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00