Abstract:
:It has been proposed that insulin-mediated changes in muscle perfusion modulate insulin-mediated glucose uptake. However, the putative effects of insulin on the microcirculation that permit such modulation have not been studied in humans. We examined the effects of systemic hyperinsulinemia on skin microvascular function in eight healthy nondiabetic subjects. In addition, the effects of locally administered insulin on skin blood flow were assessed in 10 healthy subjects. During a hyperinsulinemic clamp, we measured leg blood flow with venous occlusion plethysmography, skin capillary density with capillaroscopy, endothelium-(in)dependent vasodilatation of skin microcirculation with iontophoresis of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside combined with laser Doppler fluxmetry, and skin vasomotion by Fourier analysis of microcirculatory blood flow. To exclude nonspecific changes in the hemodynamic variables, a time-volume control study was performed. Insulin iontophoresis was used to study the local effects of insulin on skin blood flow. Compared to the control study, systemic hyperinsulinemia caused an increase in leg blood flow (-0.54 +/- 0.93 vs. 1.97 +/- 1.1 ml. min(-1). dl(-1); P < 0.01), an increase in the number of perfused capillaries in the resting state (-3.7 +/- 3.0 vs. 3.4 +/- 1.4 per mm(2); P < 0.001) and during postocclusive reactive hyperemia (-0.8 +/- 2.2 vs. 5.1 +/- 3.7 per mm(2); P < 0.001), an augmentation of the vasodilatation caused by acetylcholine (722 +/- 206 vs. 989 +/- 495%; P < 0.05) and sodium nitroprusside (618 +/- 159 vs. 788 +/- 276%; P < 0.05), and a change in vasomotion by increasing the relative contribution of the 0.01- to 0.02-Hz and 0.4- to 1.6-Hz spectral components (P < 0.05). Compared to the control substance, locally administered insulin caused a rapid increase ( approximately 13.5 min) in skin microcirculatory blood flow (34.4 +/- 42.5 vs. 82.8 +/- 85.7%; P < 0.05). In conclusion, systemic hyperinsulinemia in skin 1) induces recruitment of capillaries, 2) augments nitric oxide-mediated vasodilatation, and 3) influences vasomotion. In addition, locally administered insulin 4) induces a rapid increase in total skin blood flow, independent of systemic effects.
journal_name
Diabetesjournal_title
Diabetesauthors
Serné EH,IJzerman RG,Gans RO,Nijveldt R,De Vries G,Evertz R,Donker AJ,Stehouwer CDdoi
10.2337/diabetes.51.5.1515subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-05-01 00:00:00pages
1515-22issue
5eissn
0012-1797issn
1939-327Xjournal_volume
51pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章相关文献
DIABETES文献大全abstract::T-1095A and T-1095 are synthetic agents derived from phlorizin, a specific inhibitor of Na+-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs). Unlike phlorizin, T-1095 is absorbed into the circulation via oral administration, is metabolized to the active form, T-1095A, and suppresses the activity of SGLTs in the kidney. Orally administe...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.9.1794
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::As part of an ongoing search for susceptibility loci for NIDDM, we tested 19 genes whose products are implicated in insulin secretion or action for linkage with NIDDM. Loci included the G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels expressed in beta-cells (KCNJ3 and KCNJ7), glucagon (GCG), glucokinase regul...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.46.6.1062
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fasting hyperglycemia occurs when an excessive rate of endogenous glucose production (EGP) is not accompanied by an adequate compensatory increase in the rate of glucose disappearance (Rd). The situation following food ingestion is more complex as the amount of glucose that reaches the circulation for disposal is a fu...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db15-1166
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although type 1 diabetes (T1D) is primarily perceived as a T cell-driven autoimmune disease, islet autoantibodies are the best currently available biomarker for autoimmunity and disease risk. These antibodies are produced by autoreactive B cells, the activation of which is largely dependent on the function of CD4+CXCR...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db16-0714
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine whether the inflammatory phenotype found in obese and diabetic individuals is preserved in isolated, cultured myocytes and to assess the effectiveness of pharmacological AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation upon the attenuation of inflammation in these myocytes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHO...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-0263
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::ATP is known to be coreleased with insulin from pancreatic beta-cells. To monitor insulin secretion from single beta-cells, a single beta-cell was surrounded in culture by Fura 2-loaded calf pulmonary artery endothelium (CPAE) cells, which can detect the ATP. CPAE cells did not respond with an elevation in cytoplasmic...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.44.10.1213
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal female rat pups that were raised artificially on a high-carbohydrate (HC) milk formula during their suckling period developed hyperinsulinemia immediately, maintained chronic hyperinsulinemia in the postweaning period on laboratory diet, and developed obesity in adulthood. Pups (second-generation HC [2-HC]) b...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.4.984
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nondiabetic obese humans adapt to insulin resistance by increasing beta-cell mass. In contrast, obese humans with type 2 diabetes have an approximately 60% deficit in beta-cell mass. Recent studies in rodents reveal that beta-cell mass is regulated, increasing in response to insulin resistance through increased beta-c...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.9.2304
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 5-day culture of adult rat islets with human recombinant IL-1 beta (3 U/ml) resulted in the death of most alpha-cells and 50% of beta-cells. The IL-1--exposed islet tissue contained--in addition to poorly granulated beta-cells--patches of outgrowing monolayers and dispersed activated macrophages. In purified alpha- ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.42.1.56
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the production of antibodies against insulin in a genetically well-defined population. In the first study, 124 young patients with type I diabetes for longer than 6 mo were included. Anti-insulin antibodies were detected by polyethyleneglycol (PEG) precipitation after incubation of acidified, charcoal-str...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.35.6.634
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Given the pleiotropic effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), it is interesting to know whether EPA is capable of improving obesity. Here we examined the anti-obesity effect of EPA in mice with two distinct models of obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1554
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have recently shown that leptin, the product of the obese gene, can directly influence T-cell function. In the work presented here, we explored the role of leptin in the development of spontaneous autoimmunity in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, an animal model for the study of human insulin-dependent diabetes me...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.5.1356
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three hundred and seventy-seven children and adolescents aged 5-17 yr from the biracial (black-white) community of Bogalusa, Louisiana, were evaluated for Tanner stage of sexual development, plasma glucose, and insulin levels during an oral glucose tolerance test. Children of the two races were of similar age, weight,...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.41.3.313
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phorbol esters translocatively activate and subsequently downregulate protein kinase C and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in rat adipocytes. This study examined the possibility that other translocative activators of protein kinase C in rat adipocytes, e.g., insulin and glucose, provoke similar downregulating effect...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.40.10.1274
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) has an excellent linear correlation with the glucose clamp index of insulin sensitivity (SI(Clamp)) that is better than that of many other surrogate indexes. However, correlation between a surrogate and reference standard may improve as variability between subj...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.7.1914
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate if recurrent autoimmunity explained hyperglycemia and C-peptide loss in three immunosuppressed simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplant recipients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We monitored autoantibodies and autoreactive T-cells (using tetramers) and performed biopsy. The function of auto...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0498
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to examine the role of an ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in type 2 diabetes, we conducted a case-control association study among 132 couple-pairs from northern China. The genotype frequencies for II, ID, and DD were 39.8, 39.8, and 20.3%, respectively, in the case group and 44.8, 44.8, an...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.6.1986
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data based on the prospective study of Job et al. are reanalyzed while initial number of microaneurysms and duration of patient follow-up are controlled. The reported statistical difference in the rate of microaneurysm increase between the single- and the multiple-daily-injection groups may be due to a difference in a...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.27.5.592
更新日期:1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is increasingly recognized as an important metabolic regulator of glucose homeostasis. Here, we conducted an exome-chip association analysis by genotyping 5,169 Chinese individuals from a community-based cohort and two clinic-based cohorts. A custom Asian exome-chip was used to dete...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db16-1384
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the correlation between heat-shock protein (HSP) and insulitis, we compared lymphocyte proliferative response to Mycobacterium leprae HSP65 of NOD mice with that of I-E alpha d transgenic NOD (I-E+NOD) mice, which show no insulitis. We found that splenocytes from 15-week-old NOD mice showed a more marked p...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.45.2.165
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Birth weights of infants of 35 gestational diabetic mothers treated with calorie restriction alone (1200-1800 kcal) were compared with those of infants of 2337 nondiabetic women, including two control groups (A and B) matched for race, body mass index, age, and parity. All women were screened for gestational diabetes ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.40.2.s161
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Uncoupling protein 1+ beige adipocytes are dynamically regulated by environment in rodents and humans; cold induces formation of beige adipocytes, whereas warm temperature and nutrient excess lead to their disappearance. Beige adipocytes can form through de novo adipogenesis; however, how "beiging" characteristics are...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db17-0296
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin resistance is of pathogenic importance in several common human disorders including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, obesity and hyperlipidemia, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) is a model of these human insulin resistance syndromes. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.49.12.2222
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the functional consequences of an enhanced polyol pathway activity, elicited with galactose feeding, on the peripheral nerve of transgenic mice expressing human aldose reductase. Nontransgenic littermate mice were used as controls. With a quantitative immunoassay, the expression level of human aldose reduct...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.45.1.56
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin and exercise stimulate glucose uptake into skeletal muscle via different pathways. Both stimuli converge on the translocation of the glucose transporter GLUT4 from intracellular vesicles to the cell surface. Two Rab guanosine triphosphatases-activating proteins (GAPs) have been implicated in this process: AS16...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-1489
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this analysis was to assess the prospective association of serum testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels with incident metabolic syndrome (MetS) in men. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Data were obtained from the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP), a population-based prospectiv...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0031
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) are currently the subject of intensive investigation as potential markers for autoimmune insulitis. However, the results of different reports vary widely. In an attempt to elucidate the reasons for the discrepant reports and to initiate standardization procedures, the International Diabet...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.38.2.172
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes is preceded by islet β-cell dysfunction, but the mechanisms leading to β-cell dysfunction have not been rigorously studied. Because immune cell infiltration occurs prior to overt diabetes, we hypothesized that activation of inflammatory cascades and appearance of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in β-...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1293
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously reported a syndrome of severe hyperinsulinemia and early-onset hypertension in three patients with dominant-negative mutations in the nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma. We now report the results of further detailed pathophysiological evaluation of these subj...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.4.910
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perifused islets from rats infused for 7 days with 40% glucose exhibited an altered secretory response to selected stimuli. Both phases of insulin release were blunted when 20 mM L-leucine was tested; the secretory response to a subsequent leucine stimulation was also blunted compared with the control group. The abili...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.40.1.15
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00