Abstract:
:There is evidence from animal models of obesity and type 2 diabetes that increased parasympathetic vagal input to the pancreas contributes to hyperinsulinemia. Compared with Caucasians, Pima Indians have a high risk of type 2 diabetes and exhibit marked hyperinsulinemia and elevated plasma levels of pancreatic polypeptide (PP), an islet hormone considered a surrogate marker of parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) drive to the pancreas. To test if hyperinsulinemia in Pima Indians is due to increased vagal input to the beta-cell, we examined the effect of PNS blockade in 17 Caucasian (aged 35 +/- 8 years, body fat 23 +/- 7% [mean +/- SD]) and 17 Pima Indian males (aged 28 +/- 8 years, body fat 29 +/- 5%) with normal glucose tolerance. Each participant underwent four consecutive standardized liquid meal tests (64% carbohydrate, 22% fat, and 14% protein) during which a primed infusion of atropine was administered for 120 min at the following doses: 0, 2.5, 5, and 10 micro g. kg fat-free mass (FFM)(-1). h(-1). Areas under the curve for early (AUC(0-30 min)) and total (AUC(0-120 min)) postprandial insulin and PP secretory responses were calculated. Early postprandial insulin and PP secretory responses were higher in Pima Indians compared with those of Caucasians (both P = 0.01). Secretion of insulin and PP was inhibited by atropine (both P < 0.001). Increasing doses of atropine attenuated the ethnic difference in PP (P = 0.01) but not in early insulin secretory responses (P = 0.6), an effect that was not due to differences in gastric emptying rate (acetaminophen test) and/or circulating glucose. Similar results were observed for total secretory responses. These results confirm that compared with Caucasians, Pima Indians have an exaggerated PNS drive to pancreatic F-cells that secrete PP. However, the hyperinsulinemia of this population does not appear to be due to increased vagal input to pancreatic beta-cells.
journal_name
Diabetesjournal_title
Diabetesauthors
Vozarova de Courten B,Weyer C,Stefan N,Horton M,DelParigi A,Havel P,Bogardus C,Tataranni PAdoi
10.2337/diabetes.53.3.663subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-03-01 00:00:00pages
663-71issue
3eissn
0012-1797issn
1939-327Xjournal_volume
53pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
DIABETES文献大全abstract::Mammalian erythrocytes have been shown to bind, but not to respond to, physiologic doses of insulin. Insulin binding was studied in normal rat erythrocytes and erythroblastic leukemic (EBL) cells by standard 125I-insulin competitive binding assays. EBL cells exhibited marked insulin degradation, which was time, temper...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.29.7.571
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) response in plasma to oral and intravenous glucose administration and intravenous insulin injection in nondiabetic subjects. Moreover, we studied the effect of somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 on glucose-induced IAPP secretion in nondiabetic subjects. Plasma IAPP concent...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.39.5.639
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular (CV) disease fatality rates are higher for women compared with men with diabetes despite lower rates of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Impaired coronary flow reserve (CFR), the ratio of adenosine-stimulated to rest myocardial blood flow (MBF), is an indicator of coronary microvascular dysfun...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/db18-0650
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of elevated D-glucose concentrations on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) expression of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)beta receptor and VSMC migratory behavior. Immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescent staining, and RT-PCR of human VSMCs showed that elevat...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.2.519
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The liver plays a critical role in integrating and controlling glucose metabolism. Thus, it is important that the liver receive and react to signals from other tissues regarding the nutrient status of the body. Leptin, which is produced and secreted from adipose tissue, is a hormone that relays information re...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-0074
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To address the problem of the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy, rats were made diabetic by alloxan administration, and sciatic nerves were sampled for electrolyte and water content and levels of selected carbohydrates and intermediates in energy metabolism at 3, 6, and 26 weeks. Significant increases were seen in t...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.44.2.190
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARG) agonists used to treat type 2 diabetes. TZDs can also be used to reduce rates of type 2 diabetes in at-risk individuals. However, a large fraction of TZD-treated patients (30-40%) do not respond to TZD treatment with an improvement ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.11.3319
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have attempted to define the nature of insulin secretory defect(s) in aged animals. In these studies, pancreatic islets were isolated from 2- and 18-mo-old Fischer 344 rats. Margination of secretion vesicles during exocytosis was assessed by measuring the recruitment of somatostatin (SRIF) receptors to the surface ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.11.1168
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although recent studies show that adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) participate in the inflammatory changes in obesity and contribute to insulin resistance, the properties of these cells are not well understood. We hypothesized that ATMs recruited to adipose tissue during a high-fat diet have unique inflammatory prope...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-1076
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to transfer immunoregulatory, cytoprotective, or antiapoptotic genes into pancreatic islet cells may allow enhanced posttransplantation survival of islet allografts and inhibition of recurrent autoimmune destruction of these cells in type 1 diabetes. However, transient transgene expression and the tendency...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.50.3.515
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of diabetes control on the activities of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase), cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), and phenol 2-monooxygenase, the major enzymes regulating cholesterol metabolism, was determined in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits, and the results obtained were correlated ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.39.5.626
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood T-cells from 28 patients with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes (IDDM) of variable duration were examined for the Tac antigen by immunofluorescence, and for proliferation in the presence of interleukin 2 (IL 2). The mean percentage of Tac+ cells in patients whose IDDM was of less than 2-yr duration was 6.2% co...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.33.4.319
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from T cell-mediated destruction of insulin-producing β-cells. Insulin represents a key self-antigen in disease pathogenesis, as recent studies identified proinsulin-responding T cells from inflamed pancreatic islets of organ donors with recent-onset T1D. These cells respond to an insulin...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db17-0666
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Liver X receptors (LXRs) are important regulators of cholesterol and lipid metabolism and are also involved in glucose metabolism. However, the functional role of LXRs in human skeletal muscle is at present unknown. This study demonstrates that chronic ligand activation of LXRs by a synthetic LXR agonist increases the...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.4.1108
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) involves the destruction of the insulin-producing cells in the islets of Langerhans. One possible cure is by transplanting the islet cells; however, transplanted islets, even between identical twins, are subject to autoimmune destruction by the disease process, resulting in d...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.41.1.114
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4alpha is a transcription factor known as a key molecule in the development and functions of the beta-cells. In a previously performed genome-wide scan of Japanese type 2 diabetic sibpairs, we observed linkage of type 2 diabetes to chromosome 20q12-q13, a region in which the HNF4A gene ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db05-0620
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity is increasing, yet despite the necessity of maintaining muscle mass and function with age, the effect of obesity on muscle protein turnover in older adults remains unknown. Eleven obese (BMI 31.9 ± 1.1 kg · m(-2)) and 15 healthy-weight (BMI 23.4 ± 0.3 kg · m(-2)) older men (55-75 years old) participated in a s...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db15-0021
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Obesity-associated insulin resistance is characterized by a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation that is associated with the accumulation of M1 proinflammatory macrophages in adipose tissue. Although different evidence explains the mechanisms linking the expansion of adipose tissue and adipose tissue macr...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-0705
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Islet transplantation for the treatment of autoimmune diabetes is more difficult because of the additional barrier presented by the autoimmunity. We tested the ability of hamster anti-rat CD154 to prevent recurrence of diabetes in renal subcapsular islet isografts in DR-BB (RT1uu) rats with established autoimmune diab...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.49.10.1666
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metformin is the most widely prescribed medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, gastrointestinal (GI) side effects develop in ~25% of patients treated with metformin, leading to the discontinuation of therapy in ~5% of cases. We hypothesized that reduced transport of metformin via organic catio...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-1388
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of interferons, either pathogenic or protective, during autoimmune diabetes remains controversial. Herein, we examine the progression of diabetes in NOD mice lacking the type I (IFNAR) or type II (IFNGR) interferon receptor and, for the first time, in mice deficient in both receptors (double knockout [DKO]). ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db18-0331
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sorbitol accumulation, myo-inositol depletion, and reduced Na+-K+-ATPase activity have been identified in experimental diabetes in several tissues in which diabetic complications occur. However, a reduction in renal Na+-K+-ATPase activity has not been universally reported, prompting us to examine the influence of diab...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.37.5.558
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Women gain weight and their diabetes risk increases as they transition through menopause; these changes can be partly reversed by hormone therapy. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms mediating these effects are unknown. A novel knock-in mouse line with the selective blockade of the membrane-initiated estrogen...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db17-1342
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of the current study was to evaluate the long-term effects of leptin on glucose metabolism, diabetes complications, and life span in an insulin-dependent diabetes model, the Akita mouse. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We cross-mated Akita mice with leptin-expressing transgenic (LepTg) mice to produce Ak...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-1795
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been proposed that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) isoforms sensitive to the pyridinylimidazole compounds SB 203580 and SB 202190 may participate in the acute insulin-dependent activation of glucose transporters recruited to the plasma membrane of adipocytes and skeletal muscle. Here, we explore whe...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.11.3161
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated that the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) plays a critical role in sensing and responding to systemic hypoglycemia. To evaluate the mechanisms of defective counterregulation caused by iatrogenic hypoglycemia and diabetes per se, we delivered 2-deoxy-glucose (2-DG) via microdialysis in...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.3.584
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::β-Cell function improves in patients with type 2 diabetes in response to an oral glucose stimulus after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. This has been linked to the exaggerated secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), but causality has not been established. The aim of this study was to investigate the rol...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-0022
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well described that excessive lipid metabolism can cause insulin resistance in both animals and humans, and this has been implicated as a causative factor in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in humans. Recently, we have shown that intravenous lipid emulsion (liposyn) infusion during a 12...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.6.1907
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was examined in siblings of an unselected population (n = 194) of newly diagnosed diabetic individuals less than 30 yr old. From 1 July 1984 to 30 June 1987, diabetic subjects (proband) identified within a geographically defined area of southern Wisconsin were stu...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.40.7.831
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fetuin-A interferes with insulin action in animal studies, but data on fetuin-A and diabetes risk in humans are sparse and the role of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in this association is unknown. From 2000 to 2006, we prospectively identified 470 matched incident diabetes case-control pairs in the Nurses' Health S...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0372
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00