Plant sterols and blood lipid levels.

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Randomized controlled trials can be difficult to conduct in critically ill patients and may not always be the most appropriate type of study. Cohort studies can provide valuable information in large complete populations of patients without strict exclusion criteria and without the need for informed co...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Vincent JL,Preiser JC

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In this review methods to measure the content and distribution of body fat or adipose tissue in humans are examined. The review particularly emphasizes methods to characterize regional fat distribution and ectopic fat (fat contained within other tissues) including specific applications and implication...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Goodpaster BH

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Dietary fibers decrease risk of cardiovascular disease and obesity, but the most important mechanisms for fiber's protective properties are debated. The purpose of the review is to summarize the recent human studies that examine mechanisms how dietary fiber decreases risk of obesity-related disorders....

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Dayib M,Larson J,Slavin J

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arginine is a non-essential amino acid in mammals as judged from nitrogen balance study. Citrulline is synthesized from glutamate in the small intestine, whilst kidneys and some other tissues convert citrulline to arginine. Ornithine transcarbamylase and carbamylphosphate synthetase are expressed in liver and small in...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Wakabayashi Y

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the recent work on potential mechanisms underlying a paradoxical positive association between the consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) and weight gain. RECENT FINDINGS:Several potential mechanisms, not mutually exclusive, are hypothesized. First, by dissociating sweetness from calo...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Pepino MY,Bourne C

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The inflammatory response is essential in the response to pathogens. TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6 are key mediators of the response. They initiate metabolic changes to provide nutrients for the immune system, from host tissues. These changes include hyperlipidemia and increased gluconeogenesis. Insulin re...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Grimble RF

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The underlying causative agent in the majority of patients with chronic liver disease is ethanol; the rest of the cases are largely viral in aetiology (hepatitis B or C viruses). Nutrition supplementation improves the quality of life and decreases morbidity in chronic liver disease, but evidence that it prolongs long-...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Gopalan S,Saran S,Sengupta R

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Both dietary and nondietary factors contribute to iron deficiency, the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. Identifying dietary factors associated with iron deficiency is challenging due to the number of components in food affecting iron absorption. This review describes recent advances in di...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Beck KL,Heath AL

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Recent literature suggests dietary glutamine supplementation may lower blood glucose in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), who have no residual insulin secretion. The mechanisms and potential relevance to the care of T1D remain unclear. RECENT FINDINGS:Glutamine is involved in multiple pathways inc...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Darmaun D,Torres-Santiago L,Mauras N

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The data indicating that alcohol is an important factor increasing the risk to develop gastrointestinal cancer are consolidating. The purpose of this review is to summarize current evidence. RECENT FINDINGS:Acetaldehyde is the first metabolite of ethanol metabolism and has direct carcinogenic and mut...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Haas SL,Ye W,Löhr JM

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article is intended to briefly overview available methodological approaches for the study of regional metabolism in man in vivo, and to summarize recent advances in this field of research. RECENT FINDINGS:Several methods have been developed and currently allow for the qualitative and quantitativ...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Magkos F,Sidossis LS

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The intake of water and electrolytes is inseparable from the ingestion of nutrients by normal or artificial means. Recent reports have agreed in criticizing the poor standards of practice and of training in the management of fluid and electrolyte balance, resulting in a large amount of avoidable morbi...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Allison SP,Lobo DN

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To characterize methods evaluating and to summarize studies linking various serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with health status. RECENT FINDINGS:Elucidation of the cell-biologic mechanism of vitamin D action, and numerous clinical trials and observational studies relating vitamin D ...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Heaney RP

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. MetS prevalence has been associated with diet inadequacy. Conversely, the cumulative incidence of MetS has been inversely associated with a Mediterranean-style diet that includ...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Goncalves A,Amiot MJ

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The problem with any attempt to feed patients in multiple organ failure is that, because of an ongoing inflammatory process, the conventional techniques of supplying energy and protein do not maintain lean tissue mass. In addition, the conventional markers of nutritional status, both anthropometric (body mass and comp...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Campbell IT

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Different types of dietary fatty acids have distinct, and sometimes opposing, effects on endothelial cell function. Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish oil (eicosapentaenoic-acid-20:5n-3 and docosahexaenoic-acid-22:6n-3) attenuate cytokine-induced adhesion molecule expression (mRNA and protein) while ...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Wahle KW,Rotondo D

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review describes the relationship between nutritional therapies and the intestinal microbiome of critically ill patients. RECENT FINDINGS:The intestinal microbiome of the critically ill displays a near complete loss of health-promoting microbiota with overgrowth of virulent healthcare-associated...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Krezalek MA,Yeh A,Alverdy JC,Morowitz M

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Until relatively recently, the only significant source of lactoferrin in the diet was human lactoferrin, provided in breast milk. Today, however, bovine lactoferrin, isolated by dairy technology, as well as recombinant human lactoferrin are commercially available and can be added to foods and clinical...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Lönnerdal B

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Food allergy affects up to 10% of preschool children, and continues to increase in prevalence in many countries, resulting in a major public health issue, with practical implications for the food industry, educational establishments and healthcare systems. RECENT FINDINGS:The need to distinguish betw...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Turner PJ,Boyle RJ

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There has been growing evidence that lifestyle factors may affect the health and lifespan of an individual by affecting telomere length. The purpose of this review was to highlight the importance of telomeres in human health and aging and to summarize possible lifestyle factors that may affect health ...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Shammas MA

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The review summarizes current knowledge and recent findings about how to practically apply medication in patients with dysphagia and how swallowing function may be positively or negatively affected by drugs. RECENT FINDINGS:Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a major health problem in older persons and was re...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Wirth R,Dziewas R

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The concentrations of plasma-free amino acids, such as branched-chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids, are associated with visceral obesity, insulin resistance, and the future development of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This review discusses recent progress in the early assessment of the...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Nagao K,Yamakado M

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The present review aims to address the role of adipose tissue oxygen partial pressure (PO2) in the metabolic and endocrine derangements in conditions characterized by insulin resistance. RECENT FINDINGS:The balance between adipose tissue oxygen supply and its metabolic rate seems to determine adipose...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Goossens GH,Blaak EE

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Milk is the only biomaterial that evolved under the Darwinian selective pressure to nourish growing mammals. The purpose of this article is to review the scientific research that is using new techniques of integrating biological sequence, structure and function, to understand the innovative biology underlying the prod...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： German JB,Dillard CJ,Ward RE

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The liver plays a central role in the control of glucose production. It is also involved in the regulation of insulin secretion and sensitivity through neural pathways. This review will address recent developments in the mechanisms by which hepatic metabolism affects glucose homeostasis in health and disease. Oral glu...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Tappy L,Minehira K

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Skeletal muscle metabolic energy, needed to maintain contractile activity, is mainly obtained from glucose and long-chain fatty acids. Recent studies have revealed a remarkable parallel between the regulation of uptake of glucose and fatty acids by muscle, in that each is mediated by sarcolemmal trans...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Glatz JF,Bonen A,Luiken JJ

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Vascular endothelial cells control vascular smooth muscle tone via the release of nitric oxide. Following adverse circulatory conditions, namely trauma and hemorrhage, endothelial cell dysfunction occurs, leading to a decrease in the release of endothelium-derived nitric oxide, which contributes to fu...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Loehe F,Bruns CJ,Nitsch SM,Angele MK

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The design and the development of functional foods is a key issue for bone health and a scientific challenge as well. As most studies have focused on calcium, and have paid less attention to other nutrients, our knowledge of the influence of nutrition on bone health remains limited. It has been well a...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Davicco MJ,Wittrant Y,Coxam V

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize recent advances pertaining to the mechanisms regulating brain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) uptake. DHA is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid highly enriched in neuronal membranes and it is implicated in several important neurological processes. However, DHA synthesis is extremely limited...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Chouinard-Watkins R,Lacombe RJS,Bazinet RP

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:A compromised autophagy is associated with the onset of obesity, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Our aim is to review the potential role of ghrelin, a gut hormone involved in energy homeostasis, in the regulation of autophagy. RECENT F...

journal_title：Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

authors： Ezquerro S,Frühbeck G,Rodríguez A

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00