Abstract:
:Cannabis (marijuana) is not only a frequently abused drug but also has the potential for the development of useful agents for the treatment of emesis, anorexia and multiple sclerosis. In this article, the effects of modulation of transmitter release by cannabinoids in both the CNS and the PNS of various species, including humans, will be discussed. Cannabinoids inhibit neurotransmitter release via specific presynaptic cannabinoid CB1 receptors. Studies using either the CB1 receptor antagonist and inverse agonist SR141716 or CB1-receptor-deficient mice suggest that numerous presynaptic cannabinoid receptors are tonically activated by endogenous cannabinoids and/or are constitutively active. CB1-receptor-mediated inhibition of transmitter release might explain, for example, reinforcing properties and memory impairment caused by cannabinoids.
journal_name
Trends Pharmacol Scijournal_title
Trends in pharmacological sciencesauthors
Schlicker E,Kathmann Mdoi
10.1016/s0165-6147(00)01805-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-11-01 00:00:00pages
565-72issue
11eissn
0165-6147issn
1873-3735pii
S0165-6147(00)01805-8journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are dynamically regulated by various mechanisms that tune their response to external stimuli. Modulation of their plasma membrane density, via trafficking between subcellular compartments, constitutes an important process in this context. Substantial information has been accumulated...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2008.07.009
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular multimeric protein complex which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various human inflammatory diseases, such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and atherosclerosis. Recently, various G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been reported to be involved in the activ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2018.07.002
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insect nicotinic acetylcholine (nACh) receptors are molecular targets of insecticides such as neonicotinoids that are used to control disease-carrying insects and agricultural pests. To date, several insect nACh receptor subunits have been identified, indicating different nACh receptor subtypes and pharmacological pro...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2006.11.006
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfoconjugation of drugs and small xenobiotic and endogenous compounds in human tissues is primarily catalysed by cytosolic forms of sulfotransferase. In most instances, sulfate conjugation is associated with a decrease in the biological activity and an increase in the excretion of the sulfated compounds. However, su...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0165-6147(91)90566-b
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prospecting the full biodiversity of nature to find leads for new drugs is not necessary. Because finding leads is aimed at identifying biological activity, structure is of secondary importance. Furthermore, although natural chemical diversity might be unrivalled, functional diversity is bound to be considerably less....
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(02)02007-2
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical experience with muscarinic agonists in the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease includes studies of the effects of pilocarpine, arecoline, bethanechol, oxotremorine and RS 86. Although the results are somewhat conflicting, there is evidence that a subgroup of patients may respond with an improvement o...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is a hydrolytic enzyme that recognizes as substrates and inactivates the two most studied endocannabinoids, anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). Following the observation that endocannabinoids produced by tissues during pathological conditions often have protective roles, FAA...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2008.03.001
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::For almost 70 years, children have received stimulants for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD (initially called hyperkinetic syndrome)], with little understanding of the long-term effects of these drugs on brain development. The maturation and refinement of the brain during childhood and a...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2005.03.009
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 integrase (IN) executes the insertion of proviral DNA into the host cell genome, an essential step in the retroviral life cycle. This is a multi-step process that starts in the cytosol and culminates in the nucleus of the infected cell. It is becoming increasingly clear that IN interacts with a wide range of dif...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2007.09.005
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelial-dependent relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells evoked by a number of agonists, including cholinomimetics and substance P, is often accompanied by an increase (repolarization and/or hyperpolarization) in the membrane potential. This change in membrane potential appears predominantly to reflect the act...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(00)88969-5
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Network and systems biology offer a novel way of approaching drug discovery by developing models that consider the global physiological environment of protein targets, and the effects of modifying them, without losing the key molecular details. Here we review some recent advances in network and systems biology applied...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2009.11.006
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ca2+ channels in the plasma membrane of T cells vitally influence Ca2+-dependent signals that lead ultimately to cytokine secretion, cellular proliferation and apoptosis. Conventional models depict the Ca2+ inrush across the T-cell membrane following T-cell receptor engagement as being due to Ca2+-release-activated Ca...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2006.05.007
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypercontraction or abnormal contraction of vascular smooth muscle is a major cause of diseases such as hypertension and vasospasm of the coronary and cerebral arteries. A better understanding of the mechanism of regulation of smooth muscle contraction should lead to improved treatments for such diseases. Recent studi...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(00)01596-0
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inter-organelle signaling plays important roles in many physiological functions. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondrion signaling affects intramitochondrial calcium (Ca(2+)) homeostasis and cellular bioenergetics. ER-nucleus signaling attenuates ER stress. ER-plasma membrane signaling regulates cytosolic Ca(2+) home...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2010.08.007
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the past decade remarkable progress in molecular genetics and the possibility of manipulating cells so that the expression of genes can directly 'report' on drug activity has produced major changes in drug development strategies. The recent description and pharmacological validation of reporter mice for in vivo...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2004.04.007
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A family of peptides that shares a common C-terminal sequence (Phe-X-Gly-Leu-MetNH2) exists in mammalian and non-mammalian species. In mammals, three of these peptides (substance P, neurokinin A and neurokinin B) satisfy the criteria to be considered as neurotransmitters either in the central, peripheral or enteric ne...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(00)01463-2
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue factor (TF) is the cellular receptor and cofactor for blood coagulation factor VII (FVII). Exposure of flowing blood to cells that express TF leads to the initiation of blood coagulation. A recent study of mice expressing low levels of TF has demonstrated the importance of TF and FVII in maintaining adequate ha...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0165-6147(03)00121-4
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carbonic anhydrase isoform IX (CA IX) is highly overexpressed in many types of cancer. Its expression, which is regulated by the HIF-1 transcription factor, is strongly induced by hypoxia and correlates with a poor response to classical chemo- and radiotherapies. CA IX contributes to acidification of the tumor environ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2006.09.002
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ubiquitination is a highly conserved post-translational modification that regulates protein trafficking, function, and turnover. Ubiquitin ligases (E3s) conjugate ubiquitin polypeptides on substrates, whereas deubiquitnases (DUBs) reverse ubiquitination. Engineering of chemical antagonists and inhibitors of ubiquitin ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2014.01.005
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The affinity of a drug candidate for a biological membrane (its lipophilicity) is closely related to the pharmacologically crucial events of absorption, biodistribution, metabolization and excretion. The evolution of knowledge of biological membranes during the past two decades contrasts with the rudimentary parameter...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2010.06.007
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many diseases result from defects in cell signaling. Achieving an in-depth understanding of the complex mechanisms by which cells transduce extracellular signals into cellular responses in both normal and diseased systems is a crucial step in the discovery of more effective drugs to treat human diseases. Traditional a...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(00)01448-6
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed nations. Therapeutic modulation of dyslipidemia by inhibiting 3'-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase is standard practice throughout the world. However, based on findings from Mendelian ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2018.06.001
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::14-3-3 Proteins enact a range of cellular functions through protein-protein interactions (PPIs) with client proteins. Kaplan and colleagues recently demonstrated that a semisynthetic compound was able to selectively stabilize or disrupt specific interactions, depending on the binding partner. This finding presents an ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2020.05.001
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heat shock proteins (HSPs) constitute a large family of proteins involved in protein folding and maturation whose expression is induced by heat shock or other stressors. The major groups are classified based on their molecular weights and include HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, and large HSPs. HSPs play a significa...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2016.11.009
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditional African medicine (TAM) is a shorthand reference to indigenous forms of healing that are practiced all over Africa. Although TAM is based on the accumulated experience of ancient Africans, its mode of transmission by word-of-mouth has hindered emergence of a generally accepted theory and hence of the system...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(99)01406-6
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease and is an important cause of chronic disability. Numerous important advances have been made in our understanding of the aetiopathogenesis, pathology and clinical phenomenology of this disease, and these have underpi...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2008.10.005
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase exhibit tissue-specific distribution, and each form is anchored to the cell surface via a particular post-translational modification of the catalytic subunit. Nibaldo Inestrosa and Alejandra Perelman review evidence that heparan sulphate proteoglycans are the extracellular matri...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0165-6147(89)90067-9
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposing the heart to brief episodes of ischaemia protects the myocardium and vascular endothelial cells against functional damage and cell death caused by subsequent prolonged ischaemia. Elucidation of the mechanisms that are involved in this phenomenon known as 'ischaemic preconditioning' and identification of drugs...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(00)01483-8
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription factors comprise just over 7% of the human proteome and serve as gatekeepers of cellular function, integrating external signal information into gene expression programs that reconfigure cellular physiology at the most basic levels. Surface-initiated cell signaling pathways converge on transcription facto...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2013.11.005
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has taken 17 years from the first identification of a voltage-gated Ca2+ channel (CaV) beta-subunit as a band on a gel following purification of skeletal muscle dihydropyridine (DHP) receptors in 1987 to the publication of key information on the structures of Ca2+ channel beta-subunits. Three recent X-ray crystallo...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2004.10.008
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00