Abstract：
:To assess the long-term health consequences of the 1991 Persian Gulf War, the authors compared cause-specific mortality rates of 621,902 Gulf War veterans with those of 746,248 non-Gulf veterans, by gender, with adjustment for age, race, marital status, branch of service, and type of unit. Vital status follow-up began with the date of exit from the Persian Gulf theater (Gulf veterans) or May 1, 1991 (control veterans). Follow-up for both groups ended on the date of death or December 31, 1997, whichever came first. Cox proportional hazards models were used for the multivariate analysis. For Gulf veterans, mortality risk was also assessed relative to the likelihood of exposure to nerve gas at Khamisiyah, Iraq. Among Gulf veterans, the significant excess of deaths due to motor vehicle accidents that was observed during the earlier postwar years had decreased steadily to levels found in non-Gulf veterans. The risk of death from natural causes remained lower among Gulf veterans compared with non-Gulf veterans. This was mainly accounted for by the relatively higher number of deaths related to human immunodeficiency virus infection among non-Gulf veterans. There was no statistically significant difference in cause-specific mortality among Gulf veterans relative to potential nerve gas exposure. The risk of death for both Gulf veterans and non-Gulf veterans stayed less than half of that expected in their civilian counterparts. The authors conclude that the excess risk of mortality from motor vehicle accidents that was associated with Gulf War service has dissipated after 7 years of follow-up.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Kang HK,Bullman TAdoi
10.1093/aje/154.5.399subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-09-01 00:00:00pages
399-405issue
5eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
154pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The authors used a transgenerational data set of Illinois vital records to ascertain the relation between parental birth weights and infant birth weight. The infant generation consisted of all African Americans and whites born in Illinois during 1989-1991. The parent generation included the mothers and fathers who wer...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009197
更新日期：1997-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to assess the validity of prevalent and incident self-reported diabetes compared with multiple reference definitions and to assess the reliability (repeatability) of a self-reported diagnosis of diabetes. Data from 10,321 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) St...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/aje/kws156
更新日期：2012-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The numbers of international collaborations among birth cohort studies designed to better understand asthma and allergies have increased in the last several years. However, differences in definitions and methods preclude direct pooling of original data on individual participants. As part of the Mechanisms of the Devel...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwy242
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Low birth weight of offspring has been associated with increased risk of maternal cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular risk factors measured within pregnancy have been related to offspring birth weight. It is not clear whether cardiovascular risk factors assessed prior to pregnancy are associated with the offs...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwm272
更新日期：2007-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to reconcile 3 approaches to calculating population attributable fractions and attributable burden percentage: the approach of Bruzzi et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 1985;122(5):904-914.), the maximum-likelihood method of Greenland and Drescher (Biometrics. 1993;49(3):865-872.), and the multivariable...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwx200
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between cataract prevalence, altitude, and sunlight hours was investigated in a large national probability sample survey of 105 sites in the Himalayan kingdom of Nepal, December 1980 through April 1981. Cataract of senile or unknown etiology was diagnosed by ophthalmologists in 873 of 30,565 full-time...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113632
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiology is the study of the causes and distributions of diseases in human populations so that we may identify ways to prevent and control disease. Although this definition broadly serves us well, I suggest that in recent decades, our discipline's robust interest in identifying causes has come at the expense of a ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwt172
更新日期：2013-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Age at menarche, an early determinant of breast cancer risk, shows both a downward secular trend and marked differences by socioeconomic status, both presumably the reflection of dietary variations. A cohort study is being conducted in the Quebec City, Canada, area to assess the relation between diet, physical activit...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115738
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors examined the relation of negative affect to mortality in the Religious Orders Study, a longitudinal cohort study of older persons, between 1994 and 2002. Participants were 851 Catholic clergy members without dementia at baseline (mean age, 75.4 (standard deviation, 6.9) years; 68% women). They completed st...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwg224
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although advanced parental age at one's birth has been associated with increased risk of breast and prostate cancers, few studies have examined its effect on adult-onset sporadic hematologic malignancies. The authors examined the association of parents' ages at women's births with risk of hematologic malignancies amon...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwq090
更新日期：2010-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Measurement and characterization of the human microbiome in large population-based human studies has recently become a reality secondary to technological advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing. These advances bring new challenges and knowledge gaps for study planning, data analysis, and interpretation that are nov...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwy063
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An exact probability test and its asymptotic version are described for testing the hypothesis that clustering of disease observed among population units is likely to have been due to chance alone. The test is based on a scheme for ranking possible arrangements of ill and well persons by degree of clustering, as measur...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113684
更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiologic studies suggest positive associations between poor oral health and cardiovascular disease. The authors undertook a prospective study among 15,273 Swedish twins (1963-2000) to examine whether genetic factors underlying the 2 diseases could explain previous associations. They estimated hazard ratios and 95...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwp177
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was measured in 4170 nondiabetic adult residents of a suburban California community. At all ages the median FPG in men was higher (103-107 mg/dl) than the median FPG in women (96-104 mg/dl). FPG levels correlated weakly with obesity, and male-female differences persisted after adjustme...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113021
更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to cadmium confers increased cardiovascular risk. Tobacco smoke contains cadmium, which, hypothetically, may mediate parts of the tobacco-associated risk of developing atherosclerotic plaques. Baseline data from the Swedish Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort (1991-1996) were used to test this hypothesis. Mediation ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwx306
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors examined the association between age at menarche, menstrual cycle characteristics between ages 28 and 32 years, and peri- and postmenopausal fracture risk in a cohort of 874 women who prospectively recorded menstrual cycle data for at least 5 years from their early 20s through their menopause. Fracture his...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009173
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mortality experience of 8679 members of a metal trades union--men employed in shipyards, metal fabrication shops, small boat yards, and field construction--was studied from 1950 to 1976 by the historical prospective method. Relative to rates for US men of comparable age and race, the risk of death from all causes ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The author evaluated the validity of four historically based variables collected on Georgia birth certificates: outcome of preceding pregnancy, history of delivery of a low- (<2,500 g) or high- (>4,000 g) birth-weight infant, and death of the baby resulting from the preceding pregnancy. Data were derived from birth an...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/154.10.883
更新日期：2001-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examines the familial clustering and relative influence of genetic and environmental effects on postterm birth in the Swedish population by considering all full- and half-siblings born in Sweden between 1992 and 2004. Of the eligible 475,429 births, 21% occurred after 41 completed weeks and 5.5% occurred af...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kws244
更新日期：2013-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A population-based cohort of 166 twin pairs (67 monozygotic and 99 dizygotic) born at the Jackson Memorial Hospital/University of Miami Medical Center, from July 1, 1976 to December 31, 1980 was identified. Body weight and length were measured at 14 days and at one, three, six, nine, and 12 months of age. Statisticall...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114730
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The results of a case-control study in Toronto, Canada, demonstrated a two-fold risk of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix among current smokers relative to women who had never smoked. This significant effect of smoking was not diminished by simultaneously adjusting for age, education, and indices of sexua...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113279
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Whereas the feasibility and effectiveness of Internet-based epidemiologic research have been established, methodological support for the quality of such data is still accumulating. We aimed to identify sociodemographic differences among members of a French cohort according to willingness to provide part of one's 15-di...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwt431
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence on dietary risk factors for ovarian cancer is inconsistent, but some studies have suggested positive associations with dietary fat, lactose, and cholesterol and negative associations with green and yellow vegetable intake. By using information from the Iowa Women's Health Study, the authors investigated the a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009723
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a case-control study, matching on a disease risk score (DRS), which includes many confounders, should theoretically result in greater precision than matching on only a few confounders; however, this has not been investigated. We simulated 1,000 hypothetical cohorts with a binary exposure, a time-to-event outcome, a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwv269
更新日期：2016-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The preterm delivery rate in North Carolina is consistently higher than the national average. However, recent reports suggest that singleton preterm delivery rates for non-Hispanic Whites are increasing while those for non-Hispanic African Americans are decreasing. To study this pattern further, the authors examined d...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwh011
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of missing values for a confounding variable are investigated in the setting of case-control studies in which, for simplicity, the effect of one binary risk factor and one categoric confounding variable on disease risk is under investigation. Some ad hoc techniques with which to deal with missing values ar...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116164
更新日期：1991-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The ratio of cancer occurrence among smokers compared to nonsmokers has been generally reported to be greatest for carcinomas arising in the lung and larynx. This report presents the results of an investigation into mechanisms underlying the temporal trends in the incidence of these two forms of cancer in Scotland ove...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114585
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A repeatability study of dietary intake has been carried out using 94 control subjects from a previously reported case-control study of diet and colorectal cancer. Dietary histories readministered on average seven years after an initial interview were used to estimate intake of various macro- and microdietary componen...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115146
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies have associated insecticides used for spruce budworm control with Reye's syndrome. In Maine, spruce budworm insecticide spraying began in 1954, and an annual spray program was started in 1972. Reye's syndrome incidence information (1978-1982), obtained from hospital discharge data, death certificates, and repo...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114440
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare risk factor patterns in association with preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. The data were collected from The Swedish Medical Birth Register and include all nulliparas aged 34 years or less who gave birth at the University Hospital of Uppsala, Sweden, duri...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009400
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
