An argument for a consequentialist epidemiology.

abstract：:This study assessed the association between longitudinal patterns of illicit drug use and clinical progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. Confidential computer-based interviews, which addressed illicit drug use and other factors, were completed by HIV-infected participants in Baltimore, Maryland, a...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Lucas GM,Griswold M,Gebo KA,Keruly J,Chaisson RE,Moore RD

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2018, the Society for Epidemiologic Research and its partner journal, the American Journal of Epidemiology, assembled a working group to develop a set of papers devoted to the "future of epidemiology." These 14 papers covered a wide range of topic areas and perspectives, from thoughts on our profession, teaching, a...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Olshan AF,Diez Roux AV,Hatch M,Klebanoff MA

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estimates of the numbers and rates of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) hospitalization are central to understanding health-care utilization and efforts to improve patient care. We comprehensively estimated the frequency, rate, and trends of ADHF hospitalization in the United States. Based on Atherosclerosis Ri...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Agarwal SK,Wruck L,Quibrera M,Matsushita K,Loehr LR,Chang PP,Rosamond WD,Wright J,Heiss G,Coresh J

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors investigated families with at least one hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carried in Okinawa, Japan, to determine possible routes of hepatitis B virus transmission within family units. A total of 175 members of 37 families on the western part of Iriomote Island, Okinawa, were followed up for 2-13 years; ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kashiwagi S,Hayashi J,Ikematsu H,Nomura H,Kajiyama W,Shingu T,Hayashida K,Kaji M

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atherosclerosis and thrombosis may lead to cognitive impairment through cerebral infarcts or white matter hyperintensities. Oxidative stress is now seen as a major contributor to the process of atherogenesis. High intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, e.g., linoleic acid, or low intake of antioxidants can increase ox...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kalmijn S,Feskens EJ,Launer LJ,Kromhout D

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several investigators have documented the effect of temperature on mortality, although fewer have studied its impact on morbidity. In addition, little is known about the effectiveness of mitigation strategies such as use of air conditioners (ACs). The authors investigated the association between temperature and hospit...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ostro B,Rauch S,Green R,Malig B,Basu R

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Few studies have addressed the association between television viewing time in childhood and overweight/obesity across the life course. Among 30,921 mother-daughter dyads from the Nurses' Mothers' Cohort (2001) and the Nurses' Health Study II (1989 and 1991), the following information was collected: daughter's televisi...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tahir MJ,Willett W,Forman MR

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When researching racial disparities in health, residential segregation cannot be ignored. Because of segregation, contextual differences by race are so pronounced that ignoring them may lead to mis-estimating the effect of individual-level factors. However, given the stark racial separation of social contexts, researc...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Acevedo-Garcia D,Osypuk TL

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contradictory observations have accumulated regarding a secular trend and/or an epidemic pattern in the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In this study, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus incidence below age 15 years was examined in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, and in Wielkopolska, Poland, two area...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Rewers M,Stone RA,LaPorte RE,Drash AL,Becker DJ,Walczak M,Kuller LH

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A standardized method for examining hearts and coronary arteries was applied in a study of sudden deaths in 227 autopsies of New Orleans men aged 25-49 years. Of these autopsies, 102 deaths were due to external violence, 125 were from natural causes and 45 occurred suddenly. Of the sudden natural deaths, 14 (31%) were...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Oalmann MC,Palmer RW,Guzmán MA,Strong JP

更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is little current understanding of the risk for occurrence of unintentional injury in the home. The authors estimated the incidence of unintentional home injuries for an entire community, adjusting for actual time spent awake in the home and, in addition, analyzed the costs of these injuries. Cases of unintentio...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kopjar B,Wickizer TM

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cohort study of bladder cancer was conducted in a population of California Seventh-day Adventists. Most Seventh-day Adventists use neither tobacco nor alcohol yet experience a large degree of variation in dietary habits. Therefore, diet and other lifestyle habits were evaluated in this unique population. In 1976, 34...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Mills PK,Beeson WL,Phillips RL,Fraser GE

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors tested, by molecular hybridization, for hepatitis B virus DNA in serum specimens of 182 asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) Greek carriers who were heterosexual partners of patients with acute hepatitis B (group A: 96 cases) or healthy subjects who were susceptible to hepatitis B (group B: 86 ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tassopoulos NC,Papaevangelou GJ,Roumeliotou-Karayannis A,Ticehurst JR,Feinstone SM,Purcell RH

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To compare growth patterns of obesity indices derived from body composition and anthropometric measures, the authors analyzed data from Project HeartBeat!, a longitudinal study of cardiovascular disease risk factors in childhood and adolescence. A total of 678 children initially aged 8, 11, and 14 years in The Woodlan...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Dai S,Labarthe DR,Grunbaum JA,Harrist RB,Mueller WH

更新日期：2002-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a persistent environmental contaminant. Although experimental evidence suggests that TCDD alters thyroid hormone levels in rodents, human data are inconsistent. In 1976, a trichlorophenol plant exploded in Seveso, Italy. Women living in highly exposed areas were followed t...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Chevrier J,Warner M,Gunier RB,Brambilla P,Eskenazi B,Mocarelli P

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although there has been a rapid rise in the publication of meta-analyses of genetic association studies, little is known about their methodological quality. The authors reviewed the quality of 120 randomly selected genetic meta-analyses published between 2005 and 2007. Data extracted included issues of general relevan...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Minelli C,Thompson JR,Abrams KR,Thakkinstian A,Attia J

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many neural tube defects can be prevented if women take folic acid around the time of conception. However, the majority of women do not take folic acid at the critical time, so the US government required that food be fortified with folic acid effective January 1, 1998. Whether the amount being added was sufficient to ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Mills JL,Carter TC

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the most striking epidemiologic characteristics of prostatic cancer in the United States is the sizeable excess in rates for the disease among blacks as compared with whites. This study attempted to determine whether the higher black rates might be explained by controlling for social class, using mortality data ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ernster VL,Selvin S,Sacks ST,Austin DF,Brown SM,Winkelstein W Jr

更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have suggested that bone mineral density (BMD) is related to risk of breast cancer in elderly women. This study investigated whether the level of breast cancer risk associated with BMD in women with a positive family history of breast cancer is different from that in women without a family history of br...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Lucas FL,Cauley JA,Stone RA,Cummings SR,Vogt MT,Weissfeld JL,Kuller LH

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The epidemiologic approach to causal inference (i.e., Hill's viewpoints) consists of evaluating potential causes from the following 2, noncumulative angles: 1) established results from comparative, observational, or experimental epidemiologic studies; and 2) reviews of nonepidemiologic evidence. It does not involve st...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Morabia A

更新日期：2013-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A statistic, Q, based on the ranks of the estimated probabilities of disease is proposed for assessing the effectiveness of regression models used with dichotomous dependent variables in epidemiologic studies of risk factors for chronic diseases. The pitfalls of R2 are discussed, and the proposed statistic is compared...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Liu K,Dyer AR

更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The continued elimination of measles requires accurate assessment of its epidemiology and a critical evaluation of how its incidence is changing with time. National surveillance of measles in the United States between 2001 and 2011 provides data on the number of measles introductions and the size of the resulting tran...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Blumberg S,Enanoria WT,Lloyd-Smith JO,Lietman TM,Porco TC

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a prospective cohort of nondisabled adults aged 65 years or more in the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly (1981-1987 and 1985-1992), we used a competing risk approach to predict the 5-year risk of severe, persistent activities-of-daily-living (ADLs) disability, defined as dependence i...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kim DH,Newman AB,Lipsitz LA

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors assessed the influence of age, period, and cohort effects on rates of preterm delivery in the United States. Rates of preterm delivery for singleton births (<37 weeks) in seven age groups (15-19, 20-24,., 45-49 years), five periods (1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995), and 11 maternal birth cohorts (1926-1930, 1...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ananth CV,Misra DP,Demissie K,Smulian JC

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was measured in 4170 nondiabetic adult residents of a suburban California community. At all ages the median FPG in men was higher (103-107 mg/dl) than the median FPG in women (96-104 mg/dl). FPG levels correlated weakly with obesity, and male-female differences persisted after adjustme...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Barrett-Connor E

更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A matched case-control study was conducted of 53 leukemia deaths and of 212 controls within a previously studied cohort of 24,545 on-shore workers employed between January 1, 1952 and August 15, 1977 at the Portsmouth (New Hampshire) Naval Shipyard. The study sought to ascertain a priori whether there was an associati...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Stern FB,Waxweiler RA,Beaumont JJ,Lee ST,Rinsky RA,Zumwalde RD,Halperin WE,Bierbaum PJ,Landrigan PJ,Murray WE Jr

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been a steep increase in the number of meta-analyses of genome-wide association (GWA) studies aimed at identifying genetic variants with increasingly smaller effects, but pressure to publish findings of new genetic associations has limited the time available for careful consideration of all of their methodol...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Gögele M,Minelli C,Thakkinstian A,Yurkiewich A,Pattaro C,Pramstaller PP,Little J,Attia J,Thompson JR

更新日期：2012-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, independent factors representing different features of insulin resistance syndrome (Syndrome X) have been identified by factor analysis in middle-aged and elderly adult populations. In this study, factor analysis was applied to the clustering characteristics of Syndrome X in a biracial (Black-White) communit...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Chen W,Srinivasan SR,Elkasabany A,Berenson GS

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proportional hazards models measuring the effect of age at onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus on mortality risk are presented. The study population consisted of 924 insulin-dependent diabetic patients who were seen within 1 year of diagnosis at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh between 1950 and 1981 and were...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kostraba JN,Dorman JS,LaPorte RE,Kuller LH,Orchard TJ,Becker DJ,Drash AL

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relation between use of conjugated estrogens and the risk of uterine cancer was examined among 188 white women with newly diagnosed endometrial cancer and 428 controls hospitalized for nonmalignant conditions requiring surgery at the Boston Hospital for Women-Parkway Division, Boston, Massachusetts, in January 197...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Buring JE,Bain CJ,Ehrmann RL

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00