Appropriate use of DNR orders: a practical approach.

abstract：:Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined by an elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level along with a normal free thyroxine (T4) level. Whether it should be treated remains controversial. Currently, the best practical approach is to base treatment decisions on the degree of TSH elevation, thyroid autoimmunit...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Azim S,Nasr C

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elevated serum urate levels are recognized as leading to gouty arthritis, tophi formation, and uric acid kidney stones. While serum urate elevations have long been associated with renal disease, they are not usually considered to have a causal role in kidney dysfunction. However, recent epidemiologic studies have iden...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Edwards NL

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical imaging and serologic testing are increasingly replacing biopsy for diagnosing hepatic diseases. However, more biopsies are being done to stage and grade hepatitis C and fatty liver disease, to diagnose space-occupying lesions (typically with fine-needle aspiration biopsy), and to assess response to therapy. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Siegel CA,Silas AM,Suriawinata AA,van Leeuwen DJ

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recommendations exist for preparticipation physical examinations, but there is no national standard, and the recommendations are not widely followed. The most common reasons for denying clearance to play are musculoskeletal conditions, hypertension, and visual acuity problems. Although detecting potentially life-threa...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Mick TM,Dimeff RJ

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The preoperative evaluation often includes more tests than are necessary. This article reviews the usefulness of and indications for nine commonly ordered preoperative tests. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Jones T,Isaacson JH

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Morbidity and mortality rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have plummeted where highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is available. However, therapy is out of reach for most people who need it in developing nations, where the infrastructure to deliver care and resources for medications is lacking. Worl...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Armstrong W,Calabrese L,Taege AJ

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pancreas transplantation can improve quality of life for patients with type 1 diabetes by eliminating hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic episodes, the need for insulin injections, frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose levels, and dietary restrictions. Increasing evidence suggests that it may slow the progression of lo...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Mayes JT,Dennis VW,Hoogwerf BJ

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of glycemic control in preventing the chronic and devastating complications of diabetes is well established. Insulin administration is an important therapeutic option for managing diabetes, particularly for patients with profound insulin deficiency. Many insulin formulations are on the market, including...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Meneghini L

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An over-the-counter at-home test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been approved and will likely be available soon. It is intended to decrease the percentage of HIV-infected people unaware of their infection (estimated at 18% of the 1.2 million people infected in the United States). Since early and ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Koval CE

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with panic disorder often believe they are suffering a myocardial infarction or another life-threatening illness. The history and physical examination and a few tests usually suffice to diagnose this disorder, which is treatable with behavioral therapy, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Muzina DJ,Malone DA

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are at higher risk of pneumonia and of poor outcomes. This article reviews the etiology of pneumonia in patients with AUD, its impact on mortality and resource utilization, and its implications for treatment. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Gupta NM,Deshpande A,Rothberg MB

更新日期：2020-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Biochemical markers of bone turnover provide clinically useful evidence of the normal and pathologic processes that reflect bone cell activity in the skeleton. Understanding the behavior of markers of bone formation and bone resorption should aid in managing patients with a variety of skeletal disorders. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Singer FR,Eyre DR

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There are now more than 31 million people 65 years of age or older in the United States, at least half of whom have systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or higher or both. By the year 2050, 16 million Americans will be over age 85. OBJECTIVE:To review the current ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Gifford RW Jr

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies published during the past year on the treatment of several infectious diseases provide valuable information that should enable us to treat our patients more effectively. Among those findings: Oral vancomycin (Vancocin) is superior to oral metronidazole (Flagyl) for treating patients with severe Clostridium dif...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Longworth DL

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reproductive maturation, the menstrual cycle, and the transition to postreproductive life are complex processes. Detailed understanding of reproduction underlies logical patient management. Greater understanding of physiology has brought about better control of ovulatory problems and the beginnings of a logical approa...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Cumming DC

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonspinal musculoskeletal disorders frequently cause neck and back pain and thus can mimic conditions of the spine. Common mimics are rotator cuff tears, bursitis in the hip, peripheral nerve compression, and arthritis in the shoulder and hip. A thorough history and physical examination, imaging studies, and ancillary...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Pateder DB,Brems J,Lieberman I,Bell GR,McLain RF

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transitions of care-when patients move from one health care facility to another or back home-that are poorly executed result in adverse effects for patients. Fortunately, programs can be implemented that enhance collaboration across care settings and improve outcomes including reducing hospital readmission rates. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Li J,Young R,Williams MV

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fraud in scientific research is a widespread problem. It can involve falsifying data or documents, or knowingly failing to comply with regulations protecting research participants. Fraud can be committed by individuals, institutions, or corporations; in the context of research, fraud often is motivated by consideratio...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Sheehan JG

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The American Heart Association issued a science advisory on depression and coronary heart disease (CHD) in 2008. This paper reviews the purpose and content of the advisory and discusses reactions and new information that have followed the advisory's release. Both the advisory and subsequent data support routine screen...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Bigger JT,Glassman AH

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) of stenotic saphenous vein grafts is less invasive than repeat coronary bypass grafting; however, this procedure is complicated by atheromatous embolization in 2.5%-3.0% of cases, an incidence significantly higher than in angioplasty of native coronary vessels. We ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Trono R,Sutton C,Hollman J,Suit P,Ratliff NB

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Up to two-thirds of patients who have had a stroke have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) afterward. These patients have worse outcomes than those without OSA in terms of short-term morbidity, functional and cognitive recovery, and mortality rates over the long term. Following a stroke, identifying OSA and treating it wit...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： McKee Z,Auckley DH

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) has numerous systemic manifestations and complications. This article gives an overview of hypertension, cardiac complications, and intracranial aneurysms in ADPKD, their pathophysiology, and recent developments in their management. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Krishnappa V,Vinod P,Deverakonda D,Raina R

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vascular surgery is associated with a high risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality that is partly attributable to inflammatory stress induced by the surgical procedure. Preoperative initiation of a long-acting statin is a strategy intended to reduce the inflammatory stress response and the excess risk associated...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Poldermans D

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Certain fluorocarbon polymers can produce a clinical syndrome called polymer fume fever when the products of pyrolysis are inhaled. SUMMARY:A previously healthy 21-year-old white man presented with severe chest tightness, difficulty in breathing, pyrexia, nausea, vomiting, and a dry irritating cough. These ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Silver MJ,Young DK

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ebola virus causes a hemorrhagic fever with a high case-fatality rate. Treatment remains supportive although a variety of specific treatments are still in the early stages of investigation. This report reviews the clinical virology of Ebola virus, the reported proposed treatments, and the current outbreak. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Brizendine KD

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have documented that hypercholesterolemia is common in American children. Other studies have shown that elevated cholesterol levels in childhood remain elevated well into adult life. Autopsy studies of adolescents have also found a strong positive correlation between antemortem cholesterol levels and e...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Garcia RE,Moodie DS

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cholesterol is a fat-like substance that is in our blood. Our bodies naturally produce some cholesterol. The other portion comes from animal products such as meat, eggs, butter, cheese, and whole milk. Foods from plants do no contain cholesterol. When you have a high level of cholesterol in your blood, it builds up in...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors：

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome, a potentially fatal but rare reaction, manifests as rash, fever, tender lymphadenopathy, hepatitis, and eosinophilia. To manage hypersensitivity syndrome successfully, one must recognize the symptoms early, stop the offending drug immediately, and substitute a safe, alternativ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Hamer HM,Morris HH

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A case of pacemaker lead dysfunction with subsequent removal by a unique transvenous extraction system is presented. This technique allows detailed examination of the extracted pacemaker lead and identification of unsuspected causes of lead failure. Information relative to specific causes of lead failure may result in...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Brodell GK,Wilkoff BL

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Annular pancreas is a congenital anomaly which, though present at birth, may cause few symptoms until adulthood. A case of annular pancreas with intermittent duodenal obstruction is described in a 49-year-old alcoholic man. Few other entities cause such obstruction. In similar cases, clinical suspicion of annular panc...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Sperrazza JC,Flanagan RA Jr,Katlic MR

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00