Preoperative screening: what tests are necessary?

abstract：:In the article "Quitting smoking: Still a challenge, but newer tools show promise," (Collins GB, Jerry JM, Bales R. Cleve Clin J Med 2015; 82:39-48), the reference sequencing has been corrected. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Collins GB,Jerry JM,Bales R

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity is epidemic and dangerous. Weight loss is difficult but worth the effort. Although new weight-loss drugs are available, there are no magic bullets: to lose weight and keep it off, people must eat less and exercise more. This article presents a practical approach on how physicians can help their patients lose w...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Weiss D

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Decisions about whether and how long to treat seizures in children and adolescents should be based on rational criteria and knowledge of the natural history of epileptic syndromes, rather than on the presumption that all seizures should be treated at any cost. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Zacharowicz L,Moshé SL

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arthroscopy for degenerative conditions of the knee is among the most commonly employed orthopedic procedures, but its effectiveness (like the effectiveness of many surgical operations) has never been proven in prospective trials. Moreover, the precise mechanism by which arthroscopy improves the course of degenerative...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Bernstein J,Quach T

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence of a neurophysiologic mechanism that involves hormones from adipocytes, pancreatic islet cells, and the gastrointestinal tract implicated in both obesity and diabetes has led to a search for drugs that not only either target obesity and diabetes or reduce hemoglobin A1c, but also have weight loss as a potenti...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Esquivel MA,Lansang MC

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies published during the past year on the treatment of several infectious diseases provide valuable information that should enable us to treat our patients more effectively. Among those findings: Oral vancomycin (Vancocin) is superior to oral metronidazole (Flagyl) for treating patients with severe Clostridium dif...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Longworth DL

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have significantly broadened understanding of immunoglobulin production and T-cell receptor formation at the gene level. A limited number of genes can be rearranged during the course of B-cell or T-cell development to yield unique DNA sequences that will code for specific antibodies and T-cell receptor ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Fishleder AJ

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vascular surgery is associated with a high risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality that is partly attributable to inflammatory stress induced by the surgical procedure. Preoperative initiation of a long-acting statin is a strategy intended to reduce the inflammatory stress response and the excess risk associated...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Poldermans D

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increasing array of treatments such as immunosuppressive drugs and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors can offer patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease improved relief from symptoms with fewer adverse effects. Several additional drugs have shown promise, including nicotine, antimicrobials, and heparin. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Wolf JM,Lashner BA

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many infants, children, and adolescents exhibit unusual mannerisms, behaviors, and spells. These events cause concern to parents and are frequently brought to the attention of physicians. If the spells are infrequent and do not interfere with function, no intervention may be necessary. If they are severe and recurrent...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Rothner AD

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The elderly are at increased risk for dehydration and associated fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Changes in functional and mental status, medication effects, and changes in the aging renal system all may be factors. Furthermore, hypodipsia, or insensibility to thirst, may be a physiologic process of aging. These and...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Silver AJ

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although stress-related mucosal damage is common (and potentially serious) in critically ill patients, the risk of clinically significant gastrointestinal bleeding appears to be confined to patients with certain factors: mechanical ventilation, coagulopathy, multiple trauma, increased intracranial pressure, and multio...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Bobek MB,Arroliga AC

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Focal acantholytic dyskeratosis consistent with the clinical and histological features of Darier's type of transient acantholytic dermatosis occurred in a man with myelodysplasia. Topical steroids and systemic antihistamines provided temporary and moderate relief from pruritus, but failed to control the dermatosis. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Rockley PF,Bergfeld WF,Tomecki KJ,Brydon JK

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heart failure is the most important public health problem in cardiovascular medicine, and is increasing in both prevalence and expense. Programs that use an interdisciplinary team to improve outpatient treatment and prevent hospitalizations will help improve care and control costs. But the most important long-term str...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Starling RC

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:SCS is an efficacious, reversible, and safe therapy that improves quality of life, increases exercise tolerance, and relieves angina pectoris, but clinical trials in North America are needed to confirm the data coming from Europe. Neuronal convergence onto STT cells underlies the referred pain associated with angina p...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Foreman RD

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because 1% to 9% of people without symptoms have elevated liver enzymes, extensive evaluation of all abnormal test results would expose many patients to undue risks and expenses. On the other hand, failure to evaluate minor liver enzyme elevations could mean missing the early diagnosis of potentially treatable disorde...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Aragon G,Younossi ZM

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The most important component of the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is to establish a therapeutic physician-patient relationship, coupled with patient education. We describe a stepwise approach to management, including judicious use of invasive tests, and setting realistic treatment goals that address the ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Shen B,Soffer E

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exercise stress electrocardiography is unreliable as a test for obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) if the patient has left bundle branch block. The authors provide an algorithm for using alternative tests: exercise stress echocardiography, dobutamine echocardiography, computed tomographic (CT) angiography, and ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Xu B,Cremer P,Jaber W,Moir S,Harb SC,Rodriguez LL

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In hospitalized medical patients, randomized trials have established that anticoagulant prophylaxis has an acceptable benefit-to-risk ratio: ie, it lowers the incidence of clinically silent and symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE), including fatal pulmonary embolism, more than it raises the risks of bleeding and o...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Pai M,Douketis JD

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Platelet activation is one of the essential steps in the genesis and propagation of atherothrombosis. Accumulating clinical evidence suggests that an elevated platelet count, platelet activation, and platelet hyperreactivity (defined as residual platelet activity despite antiplatelet drug therapy) may be associated wi...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Kottke-Marchant K

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lifestyle modifications in conjunction with antidiabetes medications can produce near-normal blood glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Because these patients have increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, treatment strategies should also address the cardiovascular aspects o...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Peters AL

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Observational studies indicate that aspirin may counteract the beneficial effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, but the data are not yet sufficient for making firm recommendations. We review the available data and offer tentative conclusions. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Peterson JG,Lauer MS

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The treatment of hepatitis C has evolved rapidly since the identification of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in 1989. Since the first accepted therapy for HCV infection, recombinant interferon, received marketing approval a little more than a decade ago, it has come to be used in combination with ribavirin for improved ra...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Saadeh S,Davis GL

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A surprising number of apparently healthy people harbor unsuspected pituitary tumors, which are being discovered incidentally on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed for other reasons. The majority can be safely observed; for others, medical therapy or surgical resection is necessary....

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Serhal D,Weil RJ,Hamrahian AH

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is a potential target of therapy in COVID-19 during the severe respiratory-inflammatory phase ("cytokine release syndrome"), when pulmonary macrophages are hyperactivated, releasing IL-1 and other cytokines. Preliminary evidence indicates that anakinra and canakinumab, drugs that block the action ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Calabrese LH,Calabrese C

更新日期：2020-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are at higher risk of pneumonia and of poor outcomes. This article reviews the etiology of pneumonia in patients with AUD, its impact on mortality and resource utilization, and its implications for treatment. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Gupta NM,Deshpande A,Rothberg MB

更新日期：2020-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of beryllium lung disease has been suspected for years. The observation of cutaneous hypersensitivity to beryllium led to the development of the lymphocyte blast transformation test; the test clearly distinguishes between healthy subjects, who show little or no blast t...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Deodhar SD,Barna BP

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the literature is limited, early evidence suggests that patients with chronic kidney disease, end-stage kidney disease, and kidney transplant recipients are at increased risk for severe COVID-19 disease and death. Hence, management should focus on both infection prevention and treatment. There is currently a ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Radhakrishnan Y,Hassanein M,Stephany B

更新日期：2020-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with panic disorder often believe they are suffering a myocardial infarction or another life-threatening illness. The history and physical examination and a few tests usually suffice to diagnose this disorder, which is treatable with behavioral therapy, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Muzina DJ,Malone DA

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the safety profiles of drug-eluting stents are similar to those of bare metal stents in the short term, concern has arisen about their potential for late thrombosis (occurring > 30 days after implantation). Stent thrombosis is rare but potentially devastating and can result in ST-segment elevation myocardial ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Rabbat MG,Bavry AA,Bhatt DL,Ellis SG

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00