A sleeping beast: Obstructive sleep apnea and stroke.

abstract：:The ongoing outbreak of Zika virus infection that began in South America and Central America in 2014 is worrisome because of associations with fetal microcephaly and with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Here we summarize what has happened and what is known so far. As the outbreak continues to evolve, we urge clinicians to wa...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Flores MS,Burgess TH,Rajnik M

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nicotinic acid, widely used to lower serum cholesterol levels, may rarely cause cholestatic jaundice. SUMMARY:A 61-year-old white man with hypercholesterolemia complained of marked pruritus and became jaundiced after taking 3.0 g of crystalline nicotinic acid daily for 13 months. His total serum bilirubin l...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Patel SD,Taylor HC

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Morbidity and mortality rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have plummeted where highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is available. However, therapy is out of reach for most people who need it in developing nations, where the infrastructure to deliver care and resources for medications is lacking. Worl...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Armstrong W,Calabrese L,Taege AJ

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Women's Health Initiative found that the risks of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) exceeded its benefits in a large group of older postmenopausal women, but did not consider the efficacy of HRT in relieving vasomotor symptoms. Another recent study found that low-dose HRT was as effective as standard-dose HRT whil...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Thacker HL

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), or hepatitis C virus (HCV) can cause rapidly progressive renal disease, so prompt recognition and management are critical. Viral glomerulonephropathy can now often be successfully managed with a specific combination of antiviral therapy, immun...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Appel G

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Concern has been raised about whether the fluid retention caused by thiazolidinediones (TZDs, ie, rosiglitazone and pioglitazone) can cause or exacerbate congestive heart failure. Although fluid retention is a worrisome side effect of TZDs, current evidence does not link fluid retention caused by TZDs with worsening h...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Tang WH

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the factors that contribute to the progressively declining course of heart failure could be sleep apnea. Whether treating sleep apnea improves the clinical outcomes of patients with heart failure needs to be tested in randomized clinical trials. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Wexler L,Javaheri S

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a common heterogeneous syndrome that in some cases is transitional between normal age-related cognitive changes and dementia. Identifying it early may lead to prompt recognition of reversible causes and allows for timely future planning. This article describes definitions of MCI and ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Patel BB,Holland NW

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Coronary artery disease is a major cause of death in transplant recipients. PURPOSE:To review current approaches for the detection, evaluation, and treatment of coronary artery disease in transplant recipients. SUMMARY:Renal transplantation promotes the development of coronary artery disease primarily beca...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Braun WE,Marwick TH

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pancreas transplantation can improve quality of life for patients with type 1 diabetes by eliminating hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic episodes, the need for insulin injections, frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose levels, and dietary restrictions. Increasing evidence suggests that it may slow the progression of lo...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Mayes JT,Dennis VW,Hoogwerf BJ

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nephrotic syndrome can now be treated effectively in most cases. All patients should be treated with a low-salt diet, diuretics to reduce edema, and statins to normalize serum lipid concentrations. Patients with nephrotic syndrome are prone to deep vein thrombophlebitis, renal vein thrombosis, and pulmonary emboli. De...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Appel GB

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Therapy with nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has long been the cornerstone of pharmacologic management of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Many patients with OA or RA, however, are at increased risk of developing clinically significant adverse events associate...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Schnitzer TJ,Hochberg MC

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increasing array of treatments such as immunosuppressive drugs and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors can offer patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease improved relief from symptoms with fewer adverse effects. Several additional drugs have shown promise, including nicotine, antimicrobials, and heparin. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Wolf JM,Lashner BA

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) can precisely measure plaque burden and is being used to test new drug therapies. Other imaging tests may also prove useful to monitor treatment of atherosclerosis and identify populations at risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Schoenhagen P,Nissen SE

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Newer immunosuppressive agents are permitting transplantation to be performed more frequently. OBJECTIVES:To review the mechanisms of action and toxicity of cyclosporine. DISCUSSION:Graft rejection is mainly cell-mediated, although a humoral (antibody) response may also be involved. Cyclosporine and relate...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Graham RM

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fraud in scientific research is a widespread problem. It can involve falsifying data or documents, or knowingly failing to comply with regulations protecting research participants. Fraud can be committed by individuals, institutions, or corporations; in the context of research, fraud often is motivated by consideratio...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Sheehan JG

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tailored care will increasingly become the hallmark of treatment for patients with hypertension in the 1990s. In mildly hypertensive patients, treatment should begin with nonpharmacologic approaches to lower blood pressure and reduce the patient's cardiovascular risk profile. The ever-increasing array of antihypertens...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Vidt DG

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because 1% to 9% of people without symptoms have elevated liver enzymes, extensive evaluation of all abnormal test results would expose many patients to undue risks and expenses. On the other hand, failure to evaluate minor liver enzyme elevations could mean missing the early diagnosis of potentially treatable disorde...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Aragon G,Younossi ZM

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Often patients with immune hemolytic anemias present with symptoms that are common in anemia of any cause. In the different types of immune hemolytic anemia, red blood cells are destroyed by processes mediated by antibodies. This article reviews the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of this group of diseases. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Domen RE

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence of a neurophysiologic mechanism that involves hormones from adipocytes, pancreatic islet cells, and the gastrointestinal tract implicated in both obesity and diabetes has led to a search for drugs that not only either target obesity and diabetes or reduce hemoglobin A1c, but also have weight loss as a potenti...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Esquivel MA,Lansang MC

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity is associated with higher rates of death due to cancer. Possible explanations for this association include physiological factors associated with obesity, lower cancer screening rates in obese people, and technical difficulties in treating obese patients. These problems represent opportunities to improve the ca...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Bordeaux BC,Bolen S,Brotman DJ

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibiotics can be effective against acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but with bacterial resistance to multiple antibiotics increasing worldwide, appropriate antibiotic selection is critical. Categorizing patients with acute exacerbations according to age, number of ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Adams SG,Anzueto A

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in our understanding of the diagnosis, imaging, pathology, and clinical monitoring of multiple sclerosis (MS) have significantly increased our ability to successfully treat this often perplexing neurologic disorder. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is now integral to the diagnostic process. Treatment o...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Fox RJ,Bethoux F,Goldman MD,Cohen JA

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The threshold for testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) should be low for persons with any risk factor for HCV infection. Current practice calls for first screening for antibodies to HCV and then testing for HCV RNA in those in whom antibodies are detected. Viral testing can distinguish between active and resolved HCV i...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Carey W

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Observational studies indicate that aspirin may counteract the beneficial effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, but the data are not yet sufficient for making firm recommendations. We review the available data and offer tentative conclusions. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Peterson JG,Lauer MS

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An immunocompromised patient presented with chronic low back pain as the initial symptom and a subcutaneous abscess as the initial sign of disseminated aspergillosis. With the rising incidence of immunocompromised patients, cutaneous manifestation of aspergillosis may become more common. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Helm TN,Mazanec D

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carefully designed, monitored rehabilitation regimens can benefit patients with significant cardiac disease, such as life-threatening arrhythmias or congestive heart failure, or who have concurrent systemic disease such as diabetes. Patients with heart failure can tolerate minimal workloads but, with conditioning, the...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Pashkow FJ

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In patients with long-standing, poorly controlled diabetes and peripheral neuropathy, a red, hot, swollen foot without open ulceration should raise the suspicion of Charcot neuroarthropathy, an often-overlooked diabetic foot complication. The authors discuss key diagnostic features and how to differentiate this condit...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Botek G,Anderson MA,Taylor R

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The number of aorta procedures performed annually in the United States has grown substantially during the past decade. Cleveland Clinic is a leader in research on the risk of aortic dissection in patients with a bicuspid or tricuspid aortic valve and associated aneurysm, which has led to changes in the recommendations...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Roselli EE

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a serious condition associated with impaired quality of life, depression, drowsy driving and motor vehicle accidents, metabolic disease, and cognitive decline. The mechanisms accounting for OSA and metabolic disease include hypoxia, sleep fragmentation, and systemic inflammation. OSA a...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Walia HK

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00