Implications of childhood hypercholesterolemia.

abstract：:Although the literature is limited, early evidence suggests that patients with chronic kidney disease, end-stage kidney disease, and kidney transplant recipients are at increased risk for severe COVID-19 disease and death. Hence, management should focus on both infection prevention and treatment. There is currently a ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Radhakrishnan Y,Hassanein M,Stephany B

更新日期：2020-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclospora cayetanensis, an emerging pathogen with worldwide distribution, causes diarrhea in both immunocompetent and HIV-infected patients. We review the epidemiology of Cyclospora infection and how to diagnose and treat it. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Gumbo T,Gordon SM,Adal KA

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Women's Health Initiative found that the risks of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) exceeded its benefits in a large group of older postmenopausal women, but did not consider the efficacy of HRT in relieving vasomotor symptoms. Another recent study found that low-dose HRT was as effective as standard-dose HRT whil...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Thacker HL

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nephrotic syndrome can now be treated effectively in most cases. All patients should be treated with a low-salt diet, diuretics to reduce edema, and statins to normalize serum lipid concentrations. Patients with nephrotic syndrome are prone to deep vein thrombophlebitis, renal vein thrombosis, and pulmonary emboli. De...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Appel GB

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Up to two-thirds of patients who have had a stroke have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) afterward. These patients have worse outcomes than those without OSA in terms of short-term morbidity, functional and cognitive recovery, and mortality rates over the long term. Following a stroke, identifying OSA and treating it wit...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： McKee Z,Auckley DH

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circadian variations have been observed for a number of hemodynamic and cardiovascular events including heart rate, systemic blood pressure, coronary artery blood flow, ischemic cerebrovascular accidents, myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. In addition, circadian variations in platele...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Becker RC,Corrao JM

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Ovarian cancer can be cured if detected early enough, but usually has already metastasized when diagnosed. A family history of ovarian cancer is still the strongest known risk factor. OBJECTIVE:To identify women at risk for ovarian cancer and design a program of surveillance. METHODS:Prospective registry o...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Belinson JL,Okin C,Casey G,Ayoub A,Klein R,Hart WR,Franco K,Litt R

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Often patients with immune hemolytic anemias present with symptoms that are common in anemia of any cause. In the different types of immune hemolytic anemia, red blood cells are destroyed by processes mediated by antibodies. This article reviews the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of this group of diseases. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Domen RE

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of anemia in the perioperative period of major orthopedic surgery decreases the need for blood transfusion and improves perioperative outcomes. Use of epoetin alfa in this setting is FDA-approved and provides significant benefit to qualified and carefully chosen patients. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Kumar A,Dimov V

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stroke is a deadly and disabling disease that preferentially afflicts older adults. It shares common risk factors with myocardial infarction (MI), such as hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Blood pressure control, cholesterol reduction with statins, and glucose control reduce the risk for both stroke and MI. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Ling GS,Ling SM

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The elderly are at increased risk for dehydration and associated fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Changes in functional and mental status, medication effects, and changes in the aging renal system all may be factors. Furthermore, hypodipsia, or insensibility to thirst, may be a physiologic process of aging. These and...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Silver AJ

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In patients with morbid obesity, surgery is the only treatment known to produce sustained weight loss and to reduce comorbidities. Traditional (open) gastric bypass surgery is associated with postoperative complications that include wound infection, pulmonary embolism, and pneumonia. Laparoscopic techniques achieve si...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Brody F

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many effective treatments for scleroderma have emerged in recent years, including bosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, and epoprostenol, a prostacyclin, both of which target vasoconstriction. Cyclophosphamide may soon be proven effective against interstitial lung disease. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Korn JH

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neurohormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a promising target in the treatment of heart failure because AVP promotes congestion and hyponatremia, each of which is associated with poor outcomes. Diuretics are standard therapy for heart failure, but they have several limitations, including worsening renal function a...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Gheorghiade M

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity is a potent risk factor for the development and progression of type 2 diabetes, and weight loss is a key component of diabetes management. Bariatric surgery results in significant weight loss and remission of diabetes in most patients. After surgery, glycemic control is restored by a combination of enforced ca...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Kashyap SR,Gatmaitan P,Brethauer S,Schauer P

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Caring for very important persons (VIPs), including celebrities and royalty, presents medical, organizational, and administrative challenges, often referred to collectively as the "VIP syndrome." The situation often pressures the health care team to bend the rules by which they usually practice medicine. Caring for VI...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Guzman JA,Sasidhar M,Stoller JK

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Congestive heart failure is the most common cause of death in patients with thalassemia, as chronic accumulation of iron due to regular blood transfusions leads to biventricular systolic dysfunction and death at a very young age. The quantity of iron deposited in the heart is a key determinant of outcome. Early diagno...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Jabbar DA,Davison G,Muslin AJ

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Focal acantholytic dyskeratosis consistent with the clinical and histological features of Darier's type of transient acantholytic dermatosis occurred in a man with myelodysplasia. Topical steroids and systemic antihistamines provided temporary and moderate relief from pruritus, but failed to control the dermatosis. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Rockley PF,Bergfeld WF,Tomecki KJ,Brydon JK

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with refractory epilepsy face an elevated risk of sudden death, with rates as high as 1% per year. This phenomenon, known as sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), is believed to be a seizure-related occurrence, but the exact underlying mechanisms are uncertain. Both pulmonary and cardiac pathophysiolog...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Jehi L,Najm IM

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with muscle diseases are often seen initially by general practitioners. This article reviews how to evaluate and manage such patients, including those taking a statin, how to interpret creatine kinase (CK) test results, and how to recognize common as well as potentially dangerous myopathies. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Oddis CV

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is transmitted through respiratory secretions and saliva. The virus can also live for short periods of time (1 to several hours) on fomites such as doorknobs, handrails, and tables. Aerosolization of the virus can occur during procedures including bronchoscopy, endotracheal ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Miller R,Englund K

更新日期：2020-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) of stenotic saphenous vein grafts is less invasive than repeat coronary bypass grafting; however, this procedure is complicated by atheromatous embolization in 2.5%-3.0% of cases, an incidence significantly higher than in angioplasty of native coronary vessels. We ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Trono R,Sutton C,Hollman J,Suit P,Ratliff NB

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients typically lose more than 50% of their excess weight after bariatric surgery. Obesity-related diseases markedly improve, reducing cardiovascular risk and improving life expectancy. Obese patients lose more weight with bariatric surgery than with medical weight-loss treatment. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Brethauer SA,Chand B,Schauer PR

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many drugs can injure the kidneys, but they cause renal injury via only a few common mechanisms. Many patients who develop renal injury after drug exposure have identifiable risk factors that could be modified or that should preclude the use of these drugs in the first place. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Guo X,Nzerue C

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intermittent claudication (IC) is the classic complaint associated with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and can significantly limit a patient's lifestyle and workplace abilities. IC is defined as reproducible pain affecting the muscles of the lower extremities that begins and increases with activity and resolves wit...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Carman TL,Fernandez BB Jr

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eating disorders are common in adolescents and young adults, including those with a history of overweight or obesity, and are associated with numerous systemic sequelae. Understanding the differences in presentation between these patients and those who have a more classic anorexia nervosa phenotype is critical to ensu...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Rastogi R,Rome Md ES

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The decline in testosterone with age has been associated with specific physical changes that affect quality of life and life expectancy, although a cause-and-effect relationship is yet to be established. While female menopause is rapid and well described, "male menopause" or androgen decline in older men is gradual an...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： McGill JJ,Shoskes DA,Sabanegh ES

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity is epidemic and dangerous. Weight loss is difficult but worth the effort. Although new weight-loss drugs are available, there are no magic bullets: to lose weight and keep it off, people must eat less and exercise more. This article presents a practical approach on how physicians can help their patients lose w...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Weiss D

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:COVID-19 infection is associated with several cardiac complications with high rates of adverse outcomes. Cardiac imaging has different utility in different clinical scenarios, and the importance of minimizing healthcare worker exposure should be considered. Cardiac imaging should only be ordered if its benefits outwei...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Wang TKM,Tang WHW,Flamm SD,Griffin B,Dugar S,Grimm RA,Kwon DH

更新日期：2020-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Lifestyle modifications in conjunction with antidiabetes medications can produce near-normal blood glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Because these patients have increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, treatment strategies should also address the cardiovascular aspects o...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Peters AL

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00