Abstract:
:A general theory is proposed that attributes the origins of human intelligence to an expansion of dopaminergic systems in human cognition. Dopamine is postulated to be the key neurotransmitter regulating six predominantly left-hemispheric cognitive skills critical to human language and thought: motor planning, working memory, cognitive flexibility, abstract reasoning, temporal analysis/sequencing, and generativity. A dopaminergic expansion during early hominid evolution could have enabled successful chase-hunting in the savannas of sub-Saharan Africa, given the critical role of dopamine in counteracting hyperthermia during endurance activity. In turn, changes in physical activity and diet may have further increased cortical dopamine levels by augmenting tyrosine and its conversion to dopamine in the central nervous system (CNS). By means of the regulatory action of dopamine and other substances, the physiological and dietary changes may have contributed to the vertical elongation of the body, increased brain size, and increased cortical convolutedness that occurred during human evolution. Finally, emphasizing the role of dopamine in human intelligence may offer a new perspective on the advanced cognitive reasoning skills in nonprimate lineages such as cetaceans and avians, whose cortical anatomy differs radically from that of primates.
journal_name
Brain Cognjournal_title
Brain and cognitionauthors
Previc FHdoi
10.1006/brcg.1999.1129subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-12-01 00:00:00pages
299-350issue
3eissn
0278-2626issn
1090-2147pii
S0278-2626(99)91129-6journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Several methodological factors associated with the concurrent activities (finger-tapping) paradigm were considered in a cross-sectional study investigating cerebral patterns of asymmetry in three groups of English-speaking non-Hispanic dextral males at three levels of second language (Spanish) acquisition and one cont...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0278-2626(86)90048-5
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Voice and face recognition were tested in 21 left- and 9 right-hemisphere-damaged patients. Test materials were photographs and recordings of famous political and entertainment personalities. Pathological face recognition (prosopagnosia) and voice recognition (phonagnosia) were both significantly more prevalent in the...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0278-2626(82)90016-1
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lateral eye movements (LEM) were measured for 32 right-handed subjects while responding to questions rated for verbal and visual-spatial cognitive content and for varying levels of emotionally stimulating content. The results indicated that eye movements were distributed to the right and left in response to verbal and...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0278-2626(82)90022-7
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A longitudinal study of three patients with CT-scan documented paramedian thalamic infarctions (bilateral, primarily right, unilateral left) is reported and the neuropsychology of human paramedian thalamic infarction is reviewed. The neuropsychological deficits following these selected lesions, the nature of the clini...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0278-2626(88)90059-0
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The model of apraxia proposed by Roy (1996) states that three patterns of apraxia should be observed across pantomime and imitation conditions. In the present analysis the frequency and severity of each pattern of apraxia were examined in a consecutive sample of left-(LHD) and right-hemisphere-damaged (RHD) patients d...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0278-2626(01)80057-9
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eighty-three normal, right-handed children performed unimanual finger tapping recitation of a tongue twister, and both tasks concurrently. Trade-offs in dual-task performance were measured as the priority assigned to each task was manipulated. Irrespective of task priority, speaking interfered to a greater degree with...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0278-2626(82)90010-0
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asymmetric motor severity is common in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and provides a method for examining the neurobiologic mechanisms underlying cognitive and linguistic deficits associated with the disorder. In the present research, PD participants (N=31) were assessed in terms of the asymmetry of their motor symptoms. In...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2009.08.004
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous research has shown that the observation of actions and the execution of actions activate common neural systems. More recently, we have presented data showing that action observation of prehension primes subsequent execution (Castiello, Lusher, Mari, Edwards, & Humphreys, 2002). In the current paper we examine...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0278-2626(03)00210-0
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of category specific deficits in brain-damaged patients has been instrumental in explaining how knowledge about different types of objects is organized in the brain. Much of this research focused on testing putative semantic sensory/functional subsystems that could explain the observed dissociations in perfo...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2016.08.007
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 33-year-old patient was studied neuropsychologically 19 years after sustaining severe head trauma. A recent CT scan showed lesions in the left frontal and right temporal regions. Performance on standard memory tests, both verbal and visuospatial, was extremely poor, although other intellectual functioning was relati...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0278-2626(83)90017-9
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concurrent-task method was used to investigate the hemispheric locus of face encoding. In each of three experiments, 48 right-handed adults performed unimanual finger tapping while encoding whole or partial faces for subsequent recognition. Faces were upright in Experiments 1 and 2 but inverted in Experiment 3. Ir...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brcg.1995.1162
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In two experiments, subjects imagined themselves performing a tracking task under a massed practice schedule. After interpolated rest or no rest, subjects actually performed the criterion task. Some subjects' imagery was augmented with sounds that matched the temporal characteristics of the criterion task. These subje...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brcg.1997.0874
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selective attention is a dynamic process that rapidly shifts processing resources to information that is most relevant to our goals. Although individuals often show spatial biases in attention, these biases can be modified by both long-term factors, such as musical training, or by momentary changes in the auditory con...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2018.06.006
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudoneglect is a slight but consistent leftward attentional bias commonly observed in healthy young populations, purportedly explained by right hemispheric dominance. It has been suggested that normal aging might be associated with a decline of the right hemisphere. According to this hypothesis, a few studies have s...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2011.04.002
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Making the right choice depends crucially on the accurate valuation of the available options in the light of current needs and goals of an individual. Thus, the valuation of identical options can vary considerably with motivational context. The present study investigated the neural structures underlying context depend...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2009.09.012
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article we report the results of a test of the hypothesis that a form of attention/information processing dysfunction, attentional set impairment, is exacerbated by facial-oral tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenics. This hypothesis was tested in the context of a study that was aimed at determining whether the R...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brcg.1993.1042
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual abilities in deaf individuals may be altered as a result of auditory deprivation and/or because the deaf rely heavily on a sign language (American Sign Language, or ASL). In this study, we asked whether attentional abilities of deaf subjects are altered. Using a direction of motion discrimination task in the pe...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brcg.2001.1497
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laterality and age of onset effects on semantic and figural memory were evaluated in 30 right-handed, left speech dominant (amobarbital test) patients with epilepsy before and after temporal lobectomy. There were no effects of focus on WAIS-R IQ scores. Early onset (less than or equal to 5 years) was associated with l...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0278-2626(89)90029-8
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper an attempt was made to describe the basic principles and procedures involved in recording, noninvasively, magnetic fields from the surface of the head and estimating the intracranial sources that give rise to these fields, presumably the same ones that result in time-varying voltages in the scalp that ar...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brcg.1995.1026
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study tested the prediction that the error-related negativity (ERN), a physiological measure of error monitoring, would be enhanced in anxious individuals, particularly in conditions with threatening cues. Participants made gender judgments about faces whose expressions were either happy, angry, or neutral. Repli...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2007.03.006
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expertise in recognizing faces is associated with configural coding and configural coding is associated with a right hemisphere advantage for face recognition. Therefore one would expect the orientation-specific LVF (left visual field) advantage for face recognition to be moderated by expertise. The present experiment...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brcg.1993.1022
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the relation between the error-related negativity (ERN) and post-error behavior over time in healthy young adults (N=61). Event-related brain potentials were collected during two sessions of an identical flanker task. Results indicated changes in ERN and post-error accuracy were related across task...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2012.07.003
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigations using in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) morphometry have shown that left-right asymmetry of the planum temporale (PT) is a structural correlate of hemispheric functional asymmetries in adult humans (e.g., handedness, language representation). Postmortem studies of brains of fetuses and newborns have demon...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/brcg.1998.1072
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In later editions of his two major works, Isaac Newton proposed an electrical hypothesis of nervous transmission. According to this hypothesis, an electrical aether permeates the nerve and transmits vibrations along it. This implies that the nerve is a communication line, and potentially, an extension of the mind. The...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0278-2626(02)00513-4
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::On each trial, after three squares of different sizes (inducing display) were sequentially presented at central fixation, a target square was briefly lateralized to the right or left hemisphere (RH or LH) of 24 normal right-handed males. Subjects determined whether or not the target differed in size from the third ind...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brcg.1993.1031
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Interhemispheric Conduction Delay (ICD) theory of cerebral lateralization claims that longer interhemispheric transfer times (IHTT's) should result in greater functional lateralization for time-critical tasks. IHTT was estimated in 40 normal participants using both a visual and an auditory version of the Poffenber...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present research investigated alternative explanations of heightened interference in AB-AC learning in individuals with memory loss related to medial temporal lobe dysfunction. In Experiment 1, patients with left or right temporal lobectomy and control subjects were administered the standard AB-AC test. Relative t...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brcg.1996.0004
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia patients exhibit perceptual and cognitive deficits, including in visual motion processing. Given that cognitive systems depend upon perceptual inputs, improving patients' perceptual abilities may be an effective means of cognitive intervention. In healthy people, motion perception can be enhanced through...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2011.08.003
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent work has demonstrated that horizontal saccadic eye movements enhance verbal episodic memory retrieval, particularly in strongly right-handed individuals. The present experiments test three primary assumptions derived from this research. First, horizontal eye movements should facilitate episodic memory for both ...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2009.03.003
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, the relationship between music and nonmusical cognitive abilities has been highly debated. It has been documented that formal music training would improve verbal, mathematical or visuospatial performance in children. In the experiments described here, we tested if visual perception and imagery abilities were...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00264-1
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00