Abstract：
:The Edinburgh High Risk Project is a longitudinal study of brain structure (and function) in subjects at high risk of developing schizophrenia in the next 5-10 years for genetic reasons. In this article we describe the methods of volumetric analysis of structural magnetic resonance images used in the study. We also consider potential sources of error in these methods: the validity of our image analysis techniques; inter- and intra-rater reliability; possible positional variation; and thresholding criteria used in separating brain from cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF). Investigation with a phantom test object (of similar imaging characteristics to the brain) provided evidence for the validity of our image acquisition and analysis techniques. Both inter- and intra-rater reliability were found to be good in whole brain measures but less so for smaller regions. There were no statistically significant differences in positioning across the three study groups (patients with schizophrenia, high risk subjects and normal volunteers). A new technique for thresholding MRI scans longitudinally is described (the 'rescale' method) and compared with our established method (thresholding by eye). Few differences between the two techniques were seen at 3- and 6-month follow-up. These findings demonstrate the validity and reliability of the structural MRI analysis techniques used in the Edinburgh High Risk Project, and highlight methodological issues of general concern in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of brain structure in healthy control subjects and neuropsychiatric populations.
journal_name
Psychiatry Resjournal_title
Psychiatry researchauthors
Whalley HC,Kestelman JN,Rimmington JE,Kelso A,Abukmeil SS,Best JJ,Johnstone EC,Lawrie SMdoi
10.1016/s0925-4927(99)00012-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-07-30 00:00:00pages
31-44issue
1eissn
0165-1781issn
1872-7123journal_volume
91pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A meta-analysis study reported serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels as a potential biomarker for schizophrenia. However, at the time, commercially available human ELISA kits were unable to distinguish between pro-BDNF (precursor BDNF) and mature BDNF, because of limited antibody specificity. Here, we ...
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pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-1781(98)00057-2
更新日期：1998-07-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Major depressive disorder (MDD) had been associated with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Studies had shown that patients with MDD were associated with lower BDNF protein levels, which could be reversed by antidepressant treatment. BDNF expression had also been affected by a number of microRNAs (miRNA). BDNF ...
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-1781(92)90077-g
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2015.03.008
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2000-04-10 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2004.05.005
更新日期：2004-08-30 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2017.06.050
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2018.07.034
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2010.08.001
更新日期：2011-05-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2011.05.035
更新日期：2011-12-30 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-1781(91)90041-m
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2012-08-30 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2016.11.007
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging now allows the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the human brain in vivo. As MR imaging resolution has improved, precise measurement of small brain structures has become possible. Methods of measuring brain regions from MR images include both manual and semiautomated methods. D...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0925-4927(96)02790-4
更新日期：1996-10-07 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2008.07.020
更新日期：2010-06-30 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-1781(98)00136-x
更新日期：1999-01-18 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that low frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over left temporo-parietal cortex may reduce the frequency and intensity of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. Sixteen patients with hallucinations, treatment-resistant for at least 2 months, were randomised into a placebo-controll...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2004-06-30 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2014.03.018
更新日期：2014-07-30 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-1781(83)90046-x
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Persons with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder exhibit deficits in both visual processing and neuropsychological tasks. Little is known, however, about whether these deficits are related to one another. We administered psychophysical tests of visual discrimination and recognition, and neuropsychological tests...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-1781(02)00139-7
更新日期：2002-08-30 00:00:00
