Abstract:
:Mexico is located in a transition zone between the Nearctic and Neotropical biogeographical regions and contains a rich and unique biodiversity. A total of 496 Bacillus thuringiensis strains were isolated from 503 soil samples collected from the five macroregions of the country. The characterization of the strain collection provided useful information on the ecological patterns of distribution of B. thuringiensis and opportunities for the selection of strains to develop novel bioinsecticidal products. The analysis of the strains was based on multiplex PCR with novel general and specific primers that could detect the cry1, cry3, cry5, cry7, cry8, cry9, cry11, cry12, cry13, cry14, cry21, and cyt genes. The proteins belonging to the Cry1 and Cry9 groups are toxic for lepidopteran insects. The Cry3, Cry7, and Cry8 proteins are active against coleopteran insects. The Cry5, Cry12, Cry13, and Cry14 proteins are nematocidal. The Cry11, Cry21, and Cyt proteins are toxic for dipteran insects. Six pairs of general primers are used in this method. Strains for which unique PCR product profiles were obtained with the general primers were further characterized by additional PCRs with specific primers. Strains containing cry1 genes were the most abundant in our collection (49.5%). Thirty-three different cry1-type profiles were identified. B. thuringiensis strains harboring cry3 genes represented 21.5% of the strains, and 7.9% of the strains contained cry11 and cyt genes. cry7, cry8, and cry9 genes were found in 0.6, 2.4, and 2.6% of the strains, respectively. No strains carrying cry5, cry12, cry13, cry14, or cry21 genes were found. Finally, 14% of the strains did not give any PCR product and did not react with any polyclonal antisera. Our results indicate the presence of strains that may harbor potentially novel Cry proteins as well as strains with combinations of less frequently observed cry genes.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Bravo A,Sarabia S,Lopez L,Ontiveros H,Abarca C,Ortiz A,Ortiz M,Lina L,Villalobos FJ,Peña G,Nuñez-Valdez ME,Soberón M,Quintero Rdoi
10.1128/AEM.64.12.4965-4972.1998subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-12-01 00:00:00pages
4965-72issue
12eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The variable-region genes of monoclonal antibody against Bacillus cereus spores were cloned from mouse hybridoma cells by reverse transcription-PCR. The heavy- and light-chain variable-region genes were connected by a 45-base linker DNA to allow folding of the fusion protein into a functional tertiary structure. For d...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.7.2490-2496.1998
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更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/aem.68.12.6353-6360.2002
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.62.2.469-472.1996
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.53.7.1397-1405.1987
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.47.1.160-166.1984
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.49.5.1237-1245.1985
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.45.1.136-140.1983
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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abstract::Twenty-six lactic acid bacterium strains isolated from European dairy products were identified as Streptococcus thermophilus and characterized by bacterial growth and exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing capacity in milk and enriched milk medium. In addition, the acidification rates of the different strains were compared...
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更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 1,794 migrating birds trapped at a coastal site in southern Sweden were sampled for detection of Campylobacter spp. All isolates phenotypically identified as Campylobacter jejuni and a subset of those identified as non-C. jejuni were identified to the species level by PCR-based techniques. C. jejuni was fou...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/aem.68.12.5911-5917.2002
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abstract::The D-values of Bacillus pumilus spores on various devices ranged from 0.14 to 0.23 Mrads. The majority of devices displayed D-values equal to or less than the value obtained on filter paper. Increased resistivity was also encountered. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.36.2.392-393.1978
更新日期:1978-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Altogether, 100 strains of Listeria monocytogenes serovar 1/2a isolated from humans, animals, food, and the environment were typed by a combination of PCR and restriction enzyme analysis (REA). A PCR product of 2,916 bp, containing the downstream end of the gene inlA (955 bp), the space between inlA and inlB (85 bp), ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.5.2054-2056.1999
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The combination of ecological diversity with genetic and experimental tractability makes Drosophila a powerful model for the study of animal-associated microbial communities. Despite the known importance of yeasts in Drosophila physiology, behavior, and fitness, most recent work has focused on Drosophila-bacterial int...
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更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00