Abstract:
:The 16S toxin was purified from a Clostridium botulinum type D strain 1873 (D-1873). Furthermore, the entire nucleotide sequences of the genes coding for the 16S toxin were determined. It became clear that the purified D-1873 16S toxin consists of neurotoxin, nontoxic nonhemagglutinin (NTNH), and hemagglutinin (HA), and that HA consists of four subcomponents, HA1, HA2, HA3a, and HA3b, the same as type D strain CB16 (D-CB16) 16S toxin. The nucleotide sequences of the nontoxic components of these two strains were also found to be identical except for several bases. However, the culture supernatant and the purified 16S toxin of D-1873 showed little HA activity, unlike D-CB16, though the fractions successively eluted after the D-1873 16S toxin peak from an SP-Toyopearl 650S column showed a low level of HA activity. The main difference between D-1873 and D-CB16 HA molecules was the mobility of the HA1 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Therefore it was presumed that the loss of HA activity of D-1873 16S toxin might be caused by the differences of processing HA after the translation.
journal_name
Microbiol Immunoljournal_title
Microbiology and immunologyauthors
Nakajima H,Inoue K,Ikeda T,Fujinaga Y,Sunagawa H,Takeshi K,Ohyama T,Watanabe T,Inoue K,Oguma Kdoi
10.1111/j.1348-0421.1998.tb02330.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-01-01 00:00:00pages
599-605issue
9eissn
0385-5600issn
1348-0421journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were developed to detect immunoglobulin G and M antibodies to group A streptococcal (GAS) antigens, streptolysin O, streptokinase, and group A carbohydrate. The sensitivities and the specificities of the IgM capture ELISAs to each GAS antigen were high enough to dist...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1993.tb03210.x
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The production from murine resident peritoneal macrophages (M phi) of a soluble factor, which was capable of enhancing the antigen-presenting (AP) function of dendritic cells (DC), was examined. The supernatants of peritoneal M phi (M phi sup) were prepared by culturing peritoneal M phi with particles, i.e., zymosan A...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1988.tb01468.x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viable but nonculturable (VBNC) Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139, V. parahaemolyticus, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, enterotoxigenic E. coli, enteropathogenic E. coli, Shigella flexneri, and Salmonella enterica were converted to the culturable state by co-culture with selected eukaryotic cells, e.g., HT-29, Caco-...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2012.00440.x
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of the soluble forms of the endotoxin receptor molecules sMD-2 and sCD14 on bacterial growth were studied. When Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis were incubated at 37 degrees C for 18 hr with either sMD-2 or sCD14, growth of these bacteria was significantly inhibited as evaluated by viable cell counts...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2009.00186.x
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and serovar Paratyphi A with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (MICs of ciprofloxacin, 0.25 to 2 microg/ml) have a mutation at codon either Ser-83 or Asp-87 of gyrA gene. A screening method by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was designed to screen the ...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2003.tb02800.x
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibodies to influenza A virus were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the sera from two of seven Baikal seals (Phoca sibrica) and from five of six ringed seals (Phoca hispida) in Russia. In a hemagglutination-inhibition test using H1-H15 reference influenza A viruses, ELISA-positive sera fro...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2004.tb03610.x
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Burkholderia pseudomallei, a pathogenic gram-negative bacterium, causes the severe human disease melioidosis. This organism can survive in eukaryotic host cells by escaping reactive oxygen species via the regulation of stress responsive sigma factors, including RpoS. In B. pseudomallei, RpoS has been reported to play ...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1348-0421.12077
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was done to determine the molecular epidemiology of rabies virus (RV) in Vietnam. The nucleoprotein (N) and glycoprotein (G) genes of RVs were amplified from the brains of ten rabid dogs of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The nucleotide sequences of these genes were compared with those of other Asian stra...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2007.tb03979.x
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Influenza A virus (IAV) PA-X is a critical ribonuclease protein involved in host cell shutoff but its role in modulating the host immune response to IAV infection remains to be addressed. In this study, host cellular proteins that directly interact with PA-X were screened to investigate the biological function of PA-X...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1348-0421.12863
更新日期:2020-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Electron microscopy of Triton X-100-treated whole cells of an oral treponeme, Treponema sp. strain E-21, revealed that six cytoplasmic fibrils (CFs) helically wound as a bundle in the cytoplasm. The CFs were isolated and purified by disruption and solubilization of the cells followed by CsCl density gradient centrifug...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1989.tb02012.x
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The slime-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis strain sensu strictu CNS23 was transformed by protoplast transformation with the plasmid pTV1 which carries transposon Tn 917. Using this transposon mutagenesis system we obtained the Tn917-inserted mutant CT512, which has lost the ability to produce slime. A single inser...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1993.tb03176.x
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNase B is a major nuclease and a possible virulence factor in Streptococcus pyogenes. The allelic diversity of streptococcal DNase B (sdaB) gene was investigated in 83 strains with 14 emm genotypes. Of the 15 alleles identified, 11 alleles carried only synonymous nucleotide substitutions. On the other hand, 4 alleles...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2005.tb03684.x
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We prepared polyclonal antibody specific to Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Using this antibody, we developed a latex agglutination test (LAT) for detecting the organism in respiratory exudates as rapid diagnosis of M. pneumoniae infection. Further, LAT was compared with DNA-probe test (DP) which was the only commercially avai...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1992.tb01652.x
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Attempts were made to study the pathogenicity of some strains of Bacteroides fragilis group in the rat intra-abdominal abscess model. Multiple intraabdominal abscesses were produced in 50 to 70% of animals when an inoculum containing 10(9) CFU/ml of any of the five species of Bacteroides fragilis group was injected. R...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1992.tb02108.x
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated that the murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) NM-01 activates the human complement classical pathway resulting in lysis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The present study was performed to determine the availability of the V3-loop of gp120 relative to the complement regulatory prot...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1996.tb01109.x
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hemadsorption (HAD) induced in HEp-2 cells infected with vaccinia virus was observed. In ultrathin sections, binding of 36 red blood cells (RBCs) was examined in detail and 3 types of HAD were observed: (1) direct and close binding of RBCs to infected HEp-2 cells (cyto-HAD) was observed in cross sections of 27 RBCs (2...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1977.tb00327.x
更新日期:1977-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to evaluate the distribution of epithelioid cells, myofibroblasts, and TGF-beta1 in the formation of granuloma caused by Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex (MAC) lung infection. A retrospective study was performed for 9 cases of positive MAC culture in which lung resections were ...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2002.tb02660.x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::No systematic study on serotyping of Enterococcus faecalis has been reported since 1964 when M.E. Sharpe conducted serotyping of group D streptococcus in U.K. So, we attempted to re-evaluate serotyping of E. faecalis. For this purpose, we received 42 Sharpe's strains and first examined for their biochemical characteri...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1992.tb02070.x
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is an anaphylatoxin-inactivating enzyme generated by proteolytic cleavage of its zymogen, and is the same enzyme as that first designated by our group as procarboxypeptidase R (proCPR). TAFI in plasma is presumed to influence vascular disease in its role as a fibrinol...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2007.tb03939.x
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty-eight enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains, isolated from children with and without diarrhea in São Paulo, were examined for the presence of colonization factor antigens (CFAs) and their ability to adhere to HeLa cells. Antisera to CFA/I, the coli surface (CS) antigens CS1CS3, CS2CS3, and CS2 of CFA/I...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1994.tb01844.x
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We elucidated the contribution of Valpha14 NKT cells to Th1 response and host resistance against mycobacterial infection. In Valpha14 NKT cell-deficient mice, host defense and DTH response to Mycobacterium bovis BCG were not different from wild-type mice after pulmonary infection. There was no significant difference i...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2002.tb02687.x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blastomycosis, caused by the thermally dimorphic fungus Blastomyces dermatitides, which is endemic to eastern regions of the USA, is commonly misdiagnosed as a viral or bacterial infection and therefore treated improperly. Over the years, many immunodiagnostic assays to aid in the diagnosis of blastomycosis have been ...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1348-0421.12096
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several liposomes containing ovalbumin (OVA), a model antigen, with different lipid compositions were prepared in order to evaluate their ability to induce oral tolerance. Oral administration of these liposomal OVAs induced suppression of the proliferative responses of popliteal lymph node cells from the treated mice ...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2002.tb02677.x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soil specimens obtained from several areas of Japan, which are closely located to or facing the Continental land of China, were examined for the distribution of Clostridium botulinum, especially pertaining to types A and B. A total of 266 specimens of Japan, when cultured, showed no type A or B toxicity, although 30 (...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1988.tb01419.x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borna disease virus (BoDV), a prototype of mammalian bornavirus, is a non-segmented, negative strand RNA virus that often causes severe neurological disorders in infected animals, including horses and sheep. Unique among animal RNA viruses, BoDV transcribes and replicates non-cytopathically in the cell nucleus, leadin...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1348-0421.12505
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of infection by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, one of the important pathogens in human periodontal diseases, has been reported to be associated with racial background and genetic factors. We attempted to determine the genetic regulation of immune responses to A. actinomycetemcomitans fimbriae, an ...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1997.tb01899.x
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A possible role of intracellular Ca2+ and participation of calmodulin in cellular metabolism in endotoxin-poisoned mice were investigated. The levels of calcium in liver cytosol and liver mitochondria fractions in poisoned mice were markedly higher 18-48 hr after endotoxin injection than in the control mice. On the ot...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1984.tb00704.x
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A CpG-enriched recombinant plasmid (pUC18-CpG) as an adjuvant of FMD killed vaccine was tested for immunization and vaccination challenge in a porcine model. Our preliminary results had indicated that the recombinant plasmid could enhance the humoral immune response triggered by the traditional oil-adjuvant vaccine af...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2012.00438.x
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to clarify the taxonomic relationship between all the serovars and species of the genus Erysipelothrix by performing DNA-DNA hybridization experiments, the customary criterion for separation of bacterial genospecies. A total of 93 strains were isolated from a wide variety of sources, incl...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2008.00061.x
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A human T-lymphoblastoid cell line, TCL-Fuj, produces large amounts of interferon (IFN)-gamma constitutively. A variant cell line, 2M, was derived from it. Both cell lines express similar surface antigen markers, but differ in surface morphology. Compared with the parent TCL-Fuj cell line, 2M produced less IFN-gamma c...
journal_title:Microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1987.tb03116.x
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00