Abstract:
:During infection, the Legionnaires' disease bacterium, Legionella pneumophila, survives and multiplies within a specialized phagosome that is near neutral pH and does not fuse with host lysosomes. In order to understand the molecular basis of this organism's ability to control its intracellular fate, we have isolated and characterized a group of transposon-generated mutants which were unable to kill macrophages and were subsequently found to be defective in intracellular multiplication. These mutations define a set of 20 genes (19 icm [for intracellular multiplication] genes and dotA [for defect in organelle trafficking]). In this report, we describe a quantitative assay for phagosome-lysosome fusion (PLF) and its use to measure the levels of PLF in cells that have been infected with either wild-type L. pneumophila or one of several mutants defective in different icm genes or dotA. By using quantitative confocal fluorescence microscopy, PLF could be scored on a per-bacterium basis by determining the extent to which fluorescein-labeled L. pneumophila colocalized with host lysosomes prelabeled with rhodamine-dextran. Remarkably, mutations in the six genes that were studied resulted in maximal levels of PLF as quickly as 30 min following infection. These results indicate that several, and possibly all, of the icm and dotA gene products act at an early step during phagosome establishment to determine whether L. pneumophila-containing phagosomes will fuse with lysosomes. Although not ruled out, subsequent activity of these gene products may not be necessary for successful intracellular replication.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Wiater LA,Dunn K,Maxfield FR,Shuman HAsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-09-01 00:00:00pages
4450-60issue
9eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
66pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The antigenic cross-reactivity between Treponema pallidum and several pathogenic members of the family Spirochaetaceae was examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting techniques. Blots of T. pallidum antigens were incubated with antiserum from rabbits infected or immunize...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.46.1.116-121.1984
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pili have been demonstrated to be the adhesins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for mouse epidermal cells. The mechanisms of adhesion of P. aeruginosa to mouse epidermal cells was studied by using four mutants derived from a single strain: flagellated and piliated (F+P+), flagellated and nonpiliated (F+P-), nonflagellated an...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.8.1774-1778.1987
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium perfringens type B causes enteritis and enterotoxemia in domestic animals. By definition, these bacteria must produce alpha toxin (CPA), beta toxin (CPB) and epsilon toxin (ETX) although most type B strains also produce perfringolysin O (PFO) and beta2 toxin (CPB2). A recently identified Agr-like quorum-se...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00438-12
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results of this study show that recombinant interleukin-8 (IL-8) enhances the intracellular killing of Mycobacterium fortuitum by human granulocytes. This chemokine did not stimulate the phagocytosis of M. fortuitum by granulocytes at various bacterium-to-cell ratios. The killing process was not affected by the NA...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.8.3111-3116.1993
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxygenated fatty acids, or oxylipins, play an essential role in physiological signaling and developmental processes in animals, plants, and fungi. Previous characterization of three Aspergillus fumigatus dioxygenases (PpoA, PpoB, and PpoC), similar in sequence to mammalian cyclooxygenases, showed that PpoA is responsi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00009-08
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pneumolysin is a 471-amino-acid toxin produced by Streptococcus pneumoniae which has both cytolytic and complement activation properties. We have constructed a derivative of the type 2 S. pneumoniae strain D39 in which the portion of the pneumolysin gene encoding amino acids 55 to 437 has been deleted in-frame. The vi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.2.981-985.1999
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bordetella pertussis is the causative agent of whooping cough, a potentially lethal respiratory disease in children. In immunocompetent individuals, B. pertussis infection elicits an effective adaptive immune response driven by activated CD4(+) T cells. However, live B. pertussis persists in the host for 3 to 4 weeks ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.3.1450-1462.2004
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Helicobacter pylori mutants deficient in 6-phosphogluconate dehydratase (6PGD) were constructed. Colonization densities were lower and minimum infectious doses were higher for mutant strains than for wild-type strains. In spite of better colonization, however, wild-type strains did not displace the mutant in cocoloniz...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.5.2920-2923.2003
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heterogeneic autoantibodies against axonal neurofilament proteins of mature mouse neurons grown in vitro were detected by the indirect immunofluorescence technique in 12.7% (9 of 71) of the sera from nonhuman primates infected with kuru, in 14.5% (17 of 117) and 4% (1 of 25), respectively, of the sera from nonhuman pr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.38.1.316-324.1982
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subpopulations of spleen cells from scrapie virus-infected mice were used to determine the average virus content of infected cells in vivo at a time when virus was rapidly increasing in titer in lymphoreticular tissues. Comparison of the mean lethal doses of lysed to intact cells indicated averages of 2 to 6 infectiou...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.7.6.918-921.1973
更新日期:1973-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trypanosoma cruzi is a protozoan parasite that can initiate mucosal infection after conjunctival exposure. The anatomical route of T. cruzi invasion and spread after conjunctival parasite contamination remains poorly characterized. In the present work we have identified the sites of initial invasion and replication af...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00319-06
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::For the first time, hepatitis A viral antigen (HAAg) was shown in liver biopsy tissue from a patient in the acute phase of hepatitis type A by light and electron microscopy, using the peroxidase-antibody technique. Under light microscopy, the staining for HAAg appeared as a fine, granular reaction product, scattered t...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.36.1.320-324.1982
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colostrum was collected and pooled from each of five cows in three experimental groups: group I cows received intramuscular and intramammary inoculations of adjuvanted modified live Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center rotavirus vaccine; group II cows were injected intramuscularly with a commercial modifi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.41.3.1118-1131.1983
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inactivation of Coxiella burnetii in suspension or in cultures of guinea pig peritoneal macrophages by ultraviolet (UV) light was studied. The effect of UV treatment on the activity of macrophage organelle marker enzymes and their subsequent equilibration in linear sucrose gradients was also determined. It was sho...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.27.3.837-841.1980
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serial passage of Cryptococcus neoformans in mice increases virulence relative to the nonpassaged line. Postpassaged lines showed no difference in the expression of most known virulence factors, with the exception that the more virulent lines had smaller capsules in vitro. These data imply that other mechanisms of vir...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.10.7047-7050.2005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The susceptibility of a few strains of mice to a subcutaneous injection of Leishmania tropica major, the causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans, was studied. The infection in six strains (CBA, AKR/J, AKR/cu, C57BL/6, A/J, and C3H) remained cutaneous, and the animals recovered within 3 to 4 months. In con...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.26.2.611-614.1979
更新日期:1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two fragments with molecular weights of 111,000 (fragment I) and 59,000 (fragment II) were separated from each other by gel filtration of dithiothreitol and urea-treated, trypsinized derivative toxin (molecular weight, 170,000) of the proteolytic Okra strain of Clostridium botulinum type B on a column of Sephadex G-20...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.18.3.761-766.1977
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wild-type isolates of Shigella flexneri bind the dye Congo red from solid media, thus producing red (Crb+) colonies. Mutants which fail to bind the dye produce white colonies (Crb-) and are avirulent in a variety of systems. In S. flexneri the ability to bind Congo red correlates with the ability to bind hemin and pro...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.6.1393-1398.1987
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral inoculation of 5-day-old gnotobiotic pigs with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain F98 resulted in severe enteritis and invasive disease. Preinoculation 24 h earlier with an avirulent mutant of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis (1326/28) completely prevented disease for up to 14 days (when the exper...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.4.2182-2191.2003
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycoplasma penetrans adhered to cultured human cells, forming clusters that localized to specific areas of the host cell surface. Adherence and cluster formation were inhibited by anti-M. penetrans antibodies, suggesting the involvement of specific adhesin-receptor interactions. Ultrastructural studies showed that aft...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.1.197-208.1996
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An enzyme from Treponema denticola that hydrolyzes a synthetic trypsin substrate, N-alpha-benzoyl-L-arginine-p-nitroanilide (BAPNA), was purified to near homogeneity, as judged by gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be ca. 69,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electro...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.53.1.213-220.1986
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a noninvasive food-borne pathogen that colonizes the distal ileum and colon. Proteins encoded in the EHEC locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) pathogenicity island are known to contribute to this pathogen's adherence to epithelial cells and intestinal colonization. The role...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01688-07
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coxiella burnetii, phase I and II, cells cultivated in the yolk sac of chicken embryos were separated from host cell components by two cycles of isopycnic Renografin gradient centrifugation. Initial steps in the purification of viable C. burnetii involved differential centrifugation and sedimentation through an aqueou...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.32.2.840-851.1981
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunoglobulin M antibody to hepatitis A virus (IgM anti-HAV) is found in most patients with acute type A hepatitis. To determine the duration of this IgM response as well as to confirm that IgM anti-HAV is a specific marker for acute infection, we developed a solid-phase radioimmunoassay for IgM anti-HAV. This new as...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibodies have been generated to the unique distal sugar epitopes on the oligosaccharide haptens of the glycopeptidolipid antigens of clinically prominent members of the Mycobacterium avium serocomplex. Thus, antibodies are described that recognize the distal O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue of the...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.10.3147-3158.1989
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rickettsia rickettsii infection of endothelial cells is manifested in very distinctive changes in cell morphology, consisting of extensive dilatation of the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and outer nuclear envelope and blebbing of the plasma membrane, as seen by transmission electron microscopy (D. J. Silverma...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.5.2290-2299.1998
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated that expression of virulence in Shigella spp. is controlled by growth temperature. To study the regulation of virulence (vir) genes, we set out to develop a rapid, easily-assayed phenotype with which to measure expression of virulence. This report described a procedure for isolating ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.45.3.642-648.1984
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of oral immunization to interfere with the establishment of infection with Helicobacter felis was examined. Groups of Swiss Webster mice were immunized orally with 250 micrograms of Helicobacter pylori recombinant urease (rUrease) and 10 micrograms of cholera toxin (CT) adjuvant, 1 mg of H. felis sonicate ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.4.1246-1252.1995
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The question of whether Campylobacter jejuni produces a cholera toxin-like toxin (CTLT) has been controversial. The objective of this study was to identify the factor that cross-reacts with CT from C. jejuni. Filtrates of C. jejuni grown in four different liquid media reported to promote CTLT production were tested by...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00139-07
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cyst cell wall β-glucans of Pneumocystis have been shown to stimulate immune responses in lung epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and alveolar macrophages. Little is known about how the trophic life forms, which do not have a fungal cell wall, interact with these innate immune cells. Here, we report differences in...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00519-16
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00