Abstract:
:We report here the reconstitution of a pathway that leads to the apoptotic changes in nuclei by using recombinant DNA fragmentation factor (DFF), a heterodimeric protein of 40 and 45 kDa. Coexpression of DFF40 and DFF45 is required to generate recombinant DFF, which becomes activated when DFF45 is cleaved by caspase-3. The cleaved fragments of DFF45 dissociate from the DFF40, the active component of DFF. Purified DFF40 exhibited an intrinsic DNase activity that was markedly stimulated by chromatin-associated proteins histone H1 and high mobility group proteins. DFF40 also triggered chromatin condensation when incubated with nuclei. These data suggest that DFF40 is sufficient to trigger both DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation during apoptosis.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Liu X,Li P,Widlak P,Zou H,Luo X,Garrard WT,Wang Xdoi
10.1073/pnas.95.15.8461subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-07-21 00:00:00pages
8461-6issue
15eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
95pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The lac operon of Escherichia coli spans approximately 5300 base pairs and includes the lacZ, lacY, and lacA genes in addition to the operator, promoter, and transcription termination regions. We report here the sequence of the lacA gene and the region distal to it, confirming the sequence of thiogalactoside transacet...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.19.6414
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The F-box protein Skp2 (S-phase kinase-associated protein 2) positively regulates the G(1)-S transition by controlling the stability of several G(1) regulators, such as the cell cycle inhibitor p27. We show here that Skp2 expression correlates directly with grade of malignancy and inversely with p27 levels in human ly...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.041475098
更新日期:2001-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Taz1 is a hybrid signal-transducing membrane receptor between Tar, an aspartate chemoreceptor, and EnvZ, an osmosensor of Escherichia coli that is able to induce ompC expression by phosphorylating OmpR (a transcriptional activator) in response to aspartate. When the Taz1 His-277, the proposed autophosphorylation site ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.24.11057
更新日期:1991-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::A soluble 27-kDa protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae specifically prevents the inactivation of various enzymes caused by a nonenzymatic Fe3+/O2/thiol mixed-function oxidation system but not by mixed-function oxidation systems in which the thiol component is replaced by another electron donor-e.g., ascorbate. In this...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.16.6018
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Freezing avoidance conferred by different types of antifreeze proteins in various polar and subpolar fishes represents a remarkable example of cold adaptation, but how these unique proteins arose is unknown. We have found that the antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) of the predominant Antarctic fish taxon, the notothenio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.8.3811
更新日期:1997-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Variation in the masticatory behavior of hunter-gatherer and agricultural populations is hypothesized to be one of the major forces affecting the form of the human mandible. However, this has yet to be analyzed at a global level. Here, the relationship between global mandibular shape variation and subsistence economy ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1113050108
更新日期:2011-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating human disease of upper and lower motoneurons of unknown etiology. In support of the potential role of autoimmunity in ALS, two immune-mediated animal models of motoneuron disease have been developed that resemble ALS with respect to the loss of motoneurons, the pres...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.2.647
更新日期:1991-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The gamma-aminobutyrate-synthesizing enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD; L-glutamate 1-carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.15) is a major target of autoantibodies associated with both early and late stages of pancreatic beta-cell destruction and development of type 1 diabetes. We have used five monoclonal anti-islet-cell antibod...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.7.2832
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kinesin-1 is a molecular motor protein that transports cargo along microtubules. Inside cells, the vast majority of kinesin-1 is regulated to conserve ATP and to ensure its proper intracellular distribution and coordination with other molecular motors. Regulated kinesin-1 folds in half at a hinge in its coiled-coil st...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0803575105
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major goal of tumor immunotherapy is the effective eradication of established metastases associated with the induction of a T cell-mediated protective immunity. We achieved this in a poorly immunogenic murine neuroblastoma model by gene therapy with a single chain interleukin 12 (scIL-12) fusion protein that assures...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.5.2475
更新日期:1998-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::The formation of amyloid-like aggregates by expanded polyglutamine (polyGln) sequences is suspected to play a critical role in the neuropathology of Huntington's disease and other expanded CAG-repeat diseases. To probe the folding of the polyGln sequence in the aggregate, we replaced Gln-Gln pairs at different sequenc...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.252523899
更新日期:2002-12-24 00:00:00
abstract::Ammonia-oxidizing archaea are ubiquitous in marine and terrestrial environments and now thought to be significant contributors to carbon and nitrogen cycling. The isolation of Candidatus "Nitrosopumilus maritimus" strain SCM1 provided the opportunity for linking its chemolithotrophic physiology with a genomic inventor...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0913533107
更新日期:2010-05-11 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a high-efficiency nucleic acid delivery system that uses receptor-mediated endocytosis to carry DNA macromolecules into cells. We accomplished this by conjugating the iron-transport protein transferrin to polycations that bind nucleic acids. Human transferrin, as well as the chicken homologue conalbu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.9.3410
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well known that polyelectrolyte complexes and coacervates can form on mixing oppositely charged polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions, due to mainly electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged polymers. Here, we report the first (to the best of our knowledge) complexation and coacervation of two posi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1521521113
更新日期:2016-02-16 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the complexity of anisotropic turbulent processes over a wide range of spatiotemporal scales in engineering shear turbulence as well as climate atmosphere ocean science is a grand challenge of contemporary science with important societal impact. In such inhomogeneous turbulent dynamical systems there is ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1510465112
更新日期:2015-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::Cyber conflict is now a common and potentially dangerous occurrence. The target typically faces a strategic choice based on its ability to attribute the attack to a specific perpetrator and whether it has a viable punishment at its disposal. We present a game-theoretic model, in which the best strategic choice for the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1700442114
更新日期:2017-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::The eukaryote endomembrane system contains a class of H(+)-pumping ATPase (H(+)-ATPases) of the vacuolar type (V-ATPases) that are responsible for the acidification of organelles. Their action is critical to numerous physiological processes, but the regulatory mechanisms that may control activity are not yet fully und...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.18.8547
更新日期:1994-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Major breakthroughs have recently been reported that can help overcome two inherent drawbacks of NMR: the lack of sensitivity and the limited memory of longitudinal magnetization. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) couples nuclear spins to the large reservoir of electrons, thus making it possible to detect dilute endo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0908123106
更新日期:2009-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::The pH gradient (delta pH) across the membrane of bovine neurohypophysial granules was estimated by using the [14C]methylamine partition technique. The granule membrane showed high permeability to sugars such as sucrose or sorbitol and to cations. Granules suspended in sucrose medium showed an acidic internal delta pH...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.2.476
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many complex systems are organized in the form of a network embedded in space. Important examples include the physical Internet infrastructure, road networks, flight connections, brain functional networks, and social networks. The effect of space on network topology has recently come under the spotlight because of the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1018962108
更新日期:2011-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Of all the myosin filaments in muscle, the most important in terms of human health, and so far the least studied, are those in the human heart. Here we report a 3D single-particle analysis of electron micrograph images of negatively stained myosin filaments isolated from human cardiac muscle in the normal (undiseased)...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1212708110
更新日期:2013-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal during 1992-1993 was associated with large epidemics of cholera in India and Bangladesh and, initially, with a total displacement of the existing V. cholerae O1 strains. However, the O1 strains reemerged in 1994 and initiated a series of disappearance and reemergence of eit...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0337468100
更新日期:2003-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Gene expression is a stochastic, or "noisy," process. This noise comes about in two ways. The inherent stochasticity of biochemical processes such as transcription and translation generates "intrinsic" noise. In addition, fluctuations in the amounts or states of other cellular components lead indirectly to variation i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.162041399
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recognize, understand, and interact with objects through both vision and touch. Conceivably, these two sensory systems encode object shape in similar ways, which could facilitate cross-modal communication. To test this idea, we studied single neurons in macaque monkey intermediate visual (area V4) and somatosensory...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0904186106
更新日期:2009-09-22 00:00:00
abstract::Immunoglobulin kappa chain gene formation involves site-specific somatic recombination between one of several hundred germ-line variable region genes and a joining site (or "J segment") encoded close to the constant region gene. We have cloned and determined the nucleotide sequence of major portions of the recombinati...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.7.3450
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorylation-based signaling pathways employ dephosphorylation mechanisms for signal termination. Histidine to aspartate phosphosignaling in the two-component system that controls bacterial chemotaxis has been studied extensively. Rhodobacter sphaeroides has a complex chemosensory pathway with multiple homologues o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0808010105
更新日期:2008-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::Modifier screens have been powerful genetic tools to define signaling pathways in lower organisms. The identification of modifier loci in mice has begun to allow a similar dissection of mammalian signaling pathways. Transgenic mice (Btk(lo)) expressing 25% of endogenous levels of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) have B ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.110146697
更新日期:2000-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::We report on label-free imaging, detection, and mass/size measurement of single viral particles in solution by high-resolution surface plasmon resonance microscopy. Diffraction of propagating plasmon waves along a metal surface by the viral particles creates images of the individual particles, which allow us to detect...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1005264107
更新日期:2010-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::The colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) greatly influence mature macrophage function in vitro: macrophage (M)-CSF induces maturation of monocytes and enhances differentiated cell function; granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF stimulates a variety of antimicrobial functions. In vivo M-CSF is thought to promote differentiation...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.6.2517
更新日期:1993-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The Tat protein coded by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a strong activator of viral gene expression from the long terminal repeat (LTR). It appears that Tat-mediated trans-activation of the HIV LTR is predominantly a transcriptional event. It has been reported that Tat acts at the level of both transcriptional ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.19.8510
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00