Novel persistent activation of muscarinic M1 receptors by xanomeline.

abstract：:Field stimulation of isolated rat vas deferens preparations caused a twitch contraction followed by a slower phasic contraction. Exogenously applied ATP and noradrenaline caused rapid contractions and slowly developing contractions respectively. Pretreatment with phentolamine antagonised the phasic response to stimula...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Satchell D

更新日期：1986-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The recovery of the muscarinic cholinergic receptor (mAChR) from its down-regulation by long-term exposure to ACh was investigated. This was done to obtain information about regulation of the mAChR. Exposure of guinea-pig vas deferens to 30 microM ACh for 24 h decreased the amount of mAChR to 30% of the initial level,...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Higuchi H,Uchida S,Yoshida H

更新日期：1985-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The characteristics of the prefrontal cortex regulation of dopamine release in the rat dorsolateral striatum were investigated in focusing on the corticostriatal pathway, using dual-probe microdialysis in combination with simple behavioral procedures. Intracortical perfusion of the GABA(A) receptor antagonist bicucull...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Matsumoto M,Kanno M,Togashi H,Ueno K,Otani H,Mano Y,Yoshioka M

更新日期：2003-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Using microdialysis in rat prefrontal cortex, we found that 1 mg/kg of the stimulant methylphenidate and the non-stimulant atomoxetine, two widely used treatments for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), produce robust increases in the extracellular levels of histamine, which plays a key role in attention,...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Horner WE,Johnson DE,Schmidt AW,Rollema H

更新日期：2007-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of menatetrenone, a vitamin K2 homologue, on osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse bone marrow culture were investigated. After 7 days of incubation, menatetrenone at 10(-6) M, 3 x 10(-6) M and 10(-5) M dose dependently inhibited the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cell format...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Akiyama Y,Hara K,Tajima T,Murota S,Morita I

更新日期：1994-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Myocardial pH was measured continuously with a micro pH electrode inserted into the left ventricular wall in dogs. Anterior descending coronary flow was reduced to about 1/3 of the original flow by partial occlusion of the coronary artery. Myocardial pH decreased from 7.50--7.60 to 7.06--7.24 after partial occlusion. ...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Abiko Y,Sakai K

更新日期：1980-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute leukemia is a malignant clonal hematopoietic stem cell disease. In the current study, we examined the effects of bryostatin 5 on acute monocytic leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo. We also explored the mechanisms and pathways underlying the increase in apoptosis induced by bryostatin 5. Bryostatin 5 inhibited t...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Wang Y,Zhang J,Wang Q,Zhang T,Yang Y,Yi Y,Gao G,Dong H,Zhu H,Li Y,Lin H,Tang H,Chen X

更新日期：2013-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (K(Ca)2) generating the medium afterhyperpolarization seen after an action potential modulate the neuronal integration signal. The effects of two K(Ca)2 channel blockers, apamin, specific to K(Ca)2.2 and K(Ca)2.3 channels, and lei-Dab7, which binds to K(Ca)2.2 cha...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Mpari B,Sreng L,Regaya I,Mourre C

更新日期：2008-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:In conscious normotensive cats intraventricular (i.c.v.) administration of histamine (2.0-50.0 mug) induced dose-related rises in blood pressure, with no increase in heart rate. The hypertensive response elicited by a sub-maximal dose of histamine (10.0 mu i.c.v.) was significantly antagonised by central pretreatment ...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Finch L,Hicks PE

更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenosine (10 micrograms kg-1 min-1, infused into the lumen of the left ventricle) and dipyridamole (0.25 mg kg-1 intravenously, a dose that potentiated markedly the fall in arterial pressure in response to bolus doses of adenosine) each reduced the number of extrasystoles which occurred during the first 30 minutes fo...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Wainwright CL,Parratt JR

更新日期：1988-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:While muscarinic receptor antagonists are used to reduce motor side effects associated with the use of antipsychotic drugs, their site of action remains unclear. The study investigated the site of action of the non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine on catalepsy induced by the selective dopamine D2 rece...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Alcock SJ,Hemsley KM,Crocker AD

更新日期：2001-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The functional role of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) inhibition in cancer-induced bone pain has been highly contradictory. Whereas knockout studies have suggested pro-nociceptive effects, pharmacological studies suggest anti-nociceptive or no effect. The discrepancy is likely linked to the highly polymorphic nature of the P2X...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Falk S,Appel CK,Bennedbæk HB,Al-Dihaissy T,Unger A,Dinkel K,Heegaard AM

更新日期：2019-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxymetazoline was recognized with nanomolar affinity by 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D binding sites and mimicked the effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine with about the same potency and intrinsic activity as the endogenous amine in the corresponding functional tests. At 5-HT1C receptors, oxymetazoline behaved as a mixed agonist...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Schoeffter P,Hoyer D

更新日期：1991-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously reported that intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) administered (±)-epibatidine (a potent agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors) (1, 5 and 10 nmol/animal) dose-dependently elevated plasma levels of noradrenaline and adrenaline and that this response was reduced by i.c.v. administered indomethacin (c...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Shimizu T,Tanaka K,Nakamura K,Taniuchi K,Yokotani K

更新日期：2012-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Novel insulinotropic agent nateglinide stimulates insulin via binding to sulfonylurea receptor and closing the ATP-dependent K+ (K(ATP)) channels in pancreatic beta-cells, leading to an increase in [Ca(2+)](i) for exocytosis. The voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channel and the delayed rectifier K+ (Kv) channels are also pres...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Hu S,Wang S

更新日期：2001-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Nausea and vomiting are common gastrointestinal complaints which could be triggered by stimuli in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. They may be considered as defense mechanisms when threatening toxins/agents enter the gastrointestinal tract or there is excessive retention of gastrointestinal contents du...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Bashashati M,McCallum RW

更新日期：2014-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of nicotine, and nicotine+vitamin E on glutathione reductase (Glutathione: NADP(+) oxidoreductase, EC 1.8.1.7) activity in the muscle, heart, lungs, testicles, kidney, stomach, brain and liver tissues were investigated in vivo and also in vitro. The groups were: nicotine [0.5 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal (i.p.)]...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Erat M,Ciftci M,Gumustekin K,Gul M

更新日期：2007-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Unlike the situation with the vas deferens of rats, guinea-pigs, rabbits and dogs, neither phentolamine nor yohimbine enhanced electrically-evoked release of [3H]norepinephrine from the in vitro human vas deferens. However, clonidine produced, by a phentolamine-sensitive mechanism, a concentration-related inhibition o...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Belis JA,Colby JE,Westfall DP

更新日期：1982-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Results from lesion studies show that selective damage to the temporal cortex or lateral entorhinal cortex impairs visual memory, whereas damage to the hippocampal region does not affect retention of a visual discrimination task. Major input pathways of the above structures use glutamate as neurotransmitter. The gluta...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Myhrer T,Andersen JM

更新日期：2001-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:We found that pergolide, a dopamine D1/D2 receptor agonist used in the clinical therapy of Parkinson's disease, protects SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells from cell death induced by a brief pulse (15 min) of 1 mM H(2)O(2). Neuroprotection was found when pergolide was added to the culture medium either simultaneously with (E...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Uberti D,Piccioni L,Colzi A,Bravi D,Canonico PL,Memo M

更新日期：2002-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The anticonvulsant effect of cannabinoids has been shown to be mediated through activation of the cannabinoid CB(1) receptor. This study was initiated to evaluate the effects of endogenously occurring cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) on seizure severity and threshold. The anticonvulsant effect of the endocannabinoid, a...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Wallace MJ,Martin BR,DeLorenzo RJ

更新日期：2002-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:FR 172357, a new non-peptide antagonist of the kinin B(2) receptor was tested in three isolated vessels, the human umbilical vein, the rabbit jugular vein, and the pig coronary artery, to evaluate its antagonistic activities against bradykinin. FR 172357 displaced to the right the concentration-response curves of brad...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Rizzi C,Rizzi A,Calò G,Jorizzo G,Agnello G,Mollica G,Inamura N,Regoli D

更新日期：1999-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to cold (4 degrees C) of catheterized rats acclimated to 20 degrees C resulted in a progressive increase in plasma noradrenaline (NA) concentrations which reached values consistently more than twice the basal ones (20 degrees C) by about 30 min. No further increase in plasma NA levels were detected when the c...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Picotti GB,Carruba MO,Ravazzani C,Cesura AM,Galva MD,Da Prada M

更新日期：1981-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The cellular localisation and distribution of mRNAs encoding beta-adrenoceptor subtypes in human lung were studied by in situ hybridisation and Northern blot analysis. The 851-bp SmaI/PvuII fragment of human beta 1-adrenoceptor cDNA, the 439-bp SmaI fragment of human beta 2-adrenoceptor cDNA and the 975-bp SmaI fragme...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Mak JC,Nishikawa M,Haddad EB,Kwon OJ,Hirst SJ,Twort CH,Barnes PJ

更新日期：1996-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Peroxynitrite, the reaction product of nitric oxide and superoxide, may contribute to vascular tissue oxidant stress in diabetes mellitus. The aim was to establish whether the peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(N-methyl-4'-pyridyl)porphyrinato iron III (FeTMPyP) could improve nitric oxide-depende...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Nangle MR,Cotter MA,Cameron NE

更新日期：2004-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Statins are well-known inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which block the mevalonate pathway. The activity of statins not only decreases cholesterol levels but also ameliorates inflammation and modulates the immune system. In this study, we investigated the effects of simvastatin ...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Sahid MNA,Liu S,Kiyoi T,Maeyama K

更新日期：2017-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of SCH 23390 as compared to haloperidol to produce catalepsy in rats was evaluated in three tests for catalepsy. SCH 23390 produced catalepsy in all three tests with ED50 (mg/kg s.c.) of 0.017 on the vertical grid, 0.023 on the horizontal bar and 0.038 on the 'four corks'. Haloperidol produced catalepsy wi...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Morelli M,Di Chiara G

更新日期：1985-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased phasic activity in the bladder smooth muscle of animal models and patients with detrusor overactivity has been suggested to underlie the pathophysiology of overactive bladder. Potassium (K+) channels are key regulators of bladder smooth muscle tone and thus may play a role in this altered phasic activity. In...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Vahabi B,Lawson K,McKay NG,Sellers DJ

更新日期：2011-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunocytochemical and Co(2+) uptake studies revealed that in primary cultures of rat cortical neurones, the majority of neurones are gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) immunopositive and can express Ca(2+)-permeable alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) receptors. By fura-2 microfluorimetry, it...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Fischer W,Franke H,Scheibler P,Allgaier C,Illes P

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several contractile responses of longitudinal muscles of the guinea-pig digestive tract to exogenously applied ATP (10-300 micrometer), including "rebound" contractions, were inhibited by indomethacin (3-20 micrometer) or polyphloretin phosphate (10-100 microgram/ml). Relaxations to ATP in stomach and large intestina...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Kamikawa Y,Serizawa K,Shimo Y

更新日期：1977-09-15 00:00:00