Genital herpes infection: a review.

abstract：:It is usually necessary to estimate repeatability of a self-administered questionnaire from responses by subjects on just two occasions. It is shown that it is not possible to estimate false positive and false negative classification rates separately, but that an average correct classification can be calculated. This ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Chinn S,Burney PG

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine whether educational attainment and intelligence have causal effects on risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), independently of each other. DESIGN:Two-sample univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) to estimate the causal effects of education on intelligence and vice versa, and the to...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Anderson EL,Howe LD,Wade KH,Ben-Shlomo Y,Hill WD,Deary IJ,Sanderson EC,Zheng J,Korologou-Linden R,Stergiakouli E,Davey Smith G,Davies NM,Hemani G

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The significance of persistent or recurrent respiratory infections in adult life for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is still to a large extent unknown. A few clinical and experimental animal studies suggest that peripheral airways diseases may be due to the cumulative effects...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： von Hertzen L,Isoaho R,Leinonen M,Koskinen R,Laippala P,Töyrylä M,Kivelä SL,Saikku P

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-income countries are experiencing an obesity epidemic that follows a socioeconomic gradient, affecting groups of lower socioeconomic status disproportionately. Recent clinical findings have suggested new perspectives for the prevention and treatment of obesity, using personalized dietary approaches. Precision nut...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Chatelan A,Bochud M,Frohlich KL

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This article analyses the epidemiological research developments in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). It integrates the series commissioned by the International Epidemiological Association to all WHO Regions to identify global opportunities to promote the development of epidemiology. METHODS:Health situ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Barreto SM,Miranda JJ,Figueroa JP,Schmidt MI,Munoz S,Kuri-Morales PP,Silva JB Jr

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Depression has been associated with chronic changes in the serum concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) in observational studies, but it is unclear if this association is causal or is due to confounding and bias. Genetic studies are less subject to this type of error and offer an opportunity to investigat...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Almeida OP,Norman PE,Allcock R,van Bockxmeer F,Hankey GJ,Jamrozik K,Flicker L

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence suggests that in utero exposure to undernutrition and overnutrition might affect adiposity in later life. Epigenetic modification is suggested as a plausible mediating mechanism. METHODS:We used multivariable linear regression and a negative control design to examine offspring epigenome-wide DNA me...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Sharp GC,Lawlor DA,Richmond RC,Fraser A,Simpkin A,Suderman M,Shihab HA,Lyttleton O,McArdle W,Ring SM,Gaunt TR,Davey Smith G,Relton CL

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper we examine the effects on life expectancy of elimination of 4 major causes of death. Methodologically, we compare the results of cause elimination under assumptions of pattern of failure elimination and assumptions of underlying cause elimination in a modified multiple-decrement life table framework for ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Manton KG,Patrick CH,Stallard E

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of gonorrhoea and chlamydial infections and to determine sexual and demographic correlates for these sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among visitors of an STD clinic. METHODS:In 1994, a cross-sectional study was carried out among 2984 consecutive ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Van Duynhoven YT,van de Laar MJ,Schop WA,Mouton JW,van der Meijden WI,Sprenger MJ

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article investigates the interrelationship of socioeconemic status, anthropometric status and mortality of young children in rural Bangladesh. Data for this study come from Matlab, the vital registration area of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, where anthropometric and socioec...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Bairagi R,Chowdhury MK

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence of diabetes, the interrelationship of blood glucose, serum insulin, and lipids, and their relationship to ischemic heart dise ase in a rural Jamaican community were investigated. The people were mo stly of West African descent. Occupations were primarily agricultural w ith much physical labor. Approx...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Florey Cdu V,McDonald H,McDonald J,Miall WE

更新日期：1972-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This was to describe and analyse incidence and survival data on childhood leukaemias. SAMPLE:Incident leukaemia cases aged 0-19 from the cancer registry holdings of the province of Saskatchewan for the 60-year period 1932-1991 are the subject of this descriptive report. METHODS:Age-adjusted, age-specific, h...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Wang PP,Haines CS

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：Background:Maternal short stature has been observed to increase the risk of preterm birth; however, the aetiology behind this phenomenon is unknown. We investigated whether preeclampsia, an obstetric complication that often leads to preterm delivery and is reported to have an inverse association with women's height, me...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Morisaki N,Ogawa K,Urayama KY,Sago H,Sato S,Saito S

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parental occupational exposures to chemical carcinogens have been associated with malignancies in offspring. Recent studies have raised the issue that electromagnetic fields may play a role in carcinogenesis. We conducted a population-based case-control study testing for an association between the occurrence of a nerv...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Johnson CC,Spitz MR

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The role of trigger factors in acute cardiovascular events has been much studied in the past few years. A recent study analysed changes in the rates of cardiac emergencies in Bavaria (Germany) during the last Football World Cup. The authors reported a 2.7-fold increase in the incidence of cardiac emergencies...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Barone-Adesi F,Vizzini L,Merletti F,Richiardi L

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A continuum of reproductive causality is postulated, extending from fetal deaths - abortion, stillbirth, and neonatal - through a descending gradient of brain damage manifested in neuropsychiatric disorders. The research and administrative public health implications of these findings and the concept of the continuum a...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Lilienfeld AM,Pasamanick B,Rogers M

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A generalized least squares regression approach is proposed for the analysis of data arising from experimental studies involving cluster randomization and non-experimental studies in which the major treatment factor corresponds to a characteristic which applies at the cluster level. This approach is more flexible than...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Donner A

更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A case-control study has been performed for occupational risk factors of acute leukaemia, based on 185 cases more than 30 years old and 513 matched controls. There was a significant excess of polyvalent farming and electronic engineers among professions of cases, and, in addition of metal workers when considering the ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Richardson S,Zittoun R,Bastuji-Garin S,Lasserre V,Guihenneuc C,Cadiou M,Viguie F,Laffont-Faust I

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Olive oil is the main source of dietary lipids in most Mediterranean countries where mortality and incidence rates for coronary heart disease (CHD) are the lowest in Europe. Although international comparisons and mechanistic reasons support the hypothesis that a high olive oil intake may prevent CHD, limited...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Fernández-Jarne E,Martínez-Losa E,Prado-Santamaría M,Brugarolas-Brufau C,Serrano-Martínez M,Martínez-González MA

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B and C, viral infections with shared percutaneous, mucosal and perinatal routes of transmission, are responsible for serious morbidity and mortality globally. In Bangladesh there is a dearth of research on prevalence and risk factors for these diseases. This ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gibney L,Saquib N,Metzger J,Choudhury P,Siddiqui M,Hassan M

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) appears to be the primary aetiologic agent of Kaposi sarcoma (KS). To study the distribution of HHV8, a seroepidemiological study was carried out in western Sicily, where a high incidence rate of classical KS is well documented. METHODS:A total of 970 sera of healthy human immuno...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Perna AM,Bonura F,Vitale F,Viviano E,Di Benedetto MA,Ajello F,Villafrate MR,Prestileo T,Mancuso S,Goedert JJ,Romano N

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recently, using a counterfactual framework, a causal mediation analysis has been formalized to decompose the total effect of a time-fixed exposure on an outcome into four components that can be loosely defined as being components due to mediation only, interaction only, mediated interaction and neither. The ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Mutlu U,Ikram MA,Ikram MK

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although smoking and HPV infection are recognized as important risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer, how their joint exposure impacts on oropharyngeal cancer risk is unclear. Specifically, whether smoking confers any additional risk to HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer is not understood. METHODS:Using HPV ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Anantharaman D,Muller DC,Lagiou P,Ahrens W,Holcátová I,Merletti F,Kjærheim K,Polesel J,Simonato L,Canova C,Castellsague X,Macfarlane TV,Znaor A,Thomson P,Robinson M,Conway DI,Healy CM,Tjønneland A,Westin U,Ekström J

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The European Atherosclerosis Research Study--EARS--is a multicentre collaborative project sponsored by the European Community. Its main objective is to study, in young people, the biological expression of a paternal history of premature acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the relative share of heredity and environme...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors：

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：Background:Bloodstream infections (BSI) cause considerable morbidity and mortality, and primary prevention should be a priority. Lifestyle factors are of particular interest since they represent a modifiable target. Methods:We conducted a prospective cohort study among participants in the population-based Norwegian HU...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Paulsen J,Askim Å,Mohus RM,Mehl A,Dewan A,Solligård E,Damås JK,Åsvold BO

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies suggest that small newborns who present rapid postnatal growth may have an increased risk of chronic diseases in adulthood. On the other hand, it is widely assumed that catch-up growth is desirable for low birthweight children, but the literature on this subject is limited. METHODS:Population...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Victora CG,Barros FC,Horta BL,Martorell R

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Most HIV infections originate from individuals who are undiagnosed and unaware of their infection. Estimation of this quantity from surveillance data is hard because there is incomplete knowledge about (i) the time between infection and diagnosis (TI) for the general population, and (ii) the time between imm...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Giardina F,Romero-Severson EO,Axelsson M,Svedhem V,Leitner T,Britton T,Albert J

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The incidence of hepatitis C (HCV) infection among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Dublin is particularly high by international standards. The most robust predictor of an IDU's HCV status is his or her total number of lifetime injecting episodes. It has been proposed that participation in specific unsafe inje...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Smyth BP,Barry J,Keenan E

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Telomere length and DNA methylation have been proposed as biological clock measures that track chronological age. Whether they change in tandem, or contribute independently to the prediction of chronological age, is not known. METHODS:We address these points using data from two Scottish cohorts: the Lothian...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Marioni RE,Harris SE,Shah S,McRae AF,von Zglinicki T,Martin-Ruiz C,Wray NR,Visscher PM,Deary IJ

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the influence of paternal smoking on birth defects is of great public interest, epidemiological evidence concerning this potential relationship is extremely limited. A stratified random sample of 29 hospitals in the Shanghai Municipality, China, was used to select 1012 birth defects cases and controls. Mother...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Zhang J,Savitz DA,Schwingl PJ,Cai WW

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00