Abstract:
:A new method is presented that makes it possible to inject electrons rapidly into redox-active proteins by means of a short light flash. Reduced carboxymethylated cytochrome c (CmCyt c) with carbon monoxide bound to the heme iron is mixed with the oxidized acceptor protein. Upon rapid photodissociation of CO the apparent redox potential of CmCyt c drops, resulting in electron transfer to the electron acceptor. In this study we have used mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase as the acceptor protein, but the method also can be used to investigate electron transfer to other proteins that can interact with cytochrome c. In principle, it can be used with any redox protein into which a CO binding site at the heme iron can be engineered.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Brzezinski P,Wilson MTdoi
10.1073/pnas.94.12.6176subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-06-10 00:00:00pages
6176-9issue
12eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
94pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects nearly 3% of the population of the world and is a major cause of liver disease. However, the mechanism whereby the virus targets the liver for infection remains unknown, because none of the putative cellular receptors for HCV are both expressed specifically in the liver and capable of b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0831128100
更新日期:2003-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Translation of injected mRNA in oocytes of Xenopus laevis has been used as a highly sensitive and quantitative assay for interferon mRNA. Injection into oocytes of polyadenylylated RNA extracted from poly(I).poly(C)-induced human diploid fibroblasts (FS-4) leads to the synthesis of biologically active human fibroblast...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.8.3409
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some spectinomycin-resistant mutants of Escherichia coli are cold-sensitive. They are unable to assemble both 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits at low temperatures. They accumulate two kinds of incomplete particles, related to 30S and 50S subunits respectively. A single mutation, causing an alteration in a 30S ribosomal ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.67.3.1440
更新日期:1970-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Taz1 is a hybrid signal-transducing membrane receptor between Tar, an aspartate chemoreceptor, and EnvZ, an osmosensor of Escherichia coli that is able to induce ompC expression by phosphorylating OmpR (a transcriptional activator) in response to aspartate. When the Taz1 His-277, the proposed autophosphorylation site ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.24.11057
更新日期:1991-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an intermediate-filament (IF) protein that is highly specific for cells of astroglial lineage, although its tissue-specific role is speculative. Determination of the primary structure of this protein should be of importance for understanding the functional role it plays in ast...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.13.5178
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::DsrA is an 87-nucleotide regulatory RNA of Escherichia coli that acts in trans by RNA-RNA interactions with two different mRNAs, hns and rpoS. DsrA has opposite effects on these transcriptional regulators. H-NS levels decrease, whereas RpoS (final sigma(s)) levels increase. Here we show that DsrA enhances hns mRNA tur...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.170281497
更新日期:2000-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Despite being a fundamental electronic component for over 70 years, it is still possible to develop different transistor designs, including the addition of a diode-like Schottky source electrode to thin-film transistors. The discovery of a dependence of the source barrier height on the semiconductor thickness and deri...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1820756116
更新日期:2019-03-12 00:00:00
abstract::The in vivo biological activities of IgG antibodies result from their bifunctional nature, in which antigen recognition by the Fab is coupled to the effector and immunomodulatory diversity found in the Fc domain. This diversity, resulting from both amino acid and glycan heterogeneity, is translated into cellular respo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1203954109
更新日期:2012-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::The 72-kDa spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and Src-family kinase p53/56Lyn (Lyn) contribute to signaling via the B-cell antigen receptor complex. Here we show that Syk and Lyn from human B lymphocytes can interact directly. Syk and Lyn coimmunoprecipitated from mature and activated B-cell lines, and gel-purified Syk and ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.2.359
更新日期:1995-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::An evolutionary framework for viewing the formation, the stability, the organizational structure, and the social dynamics of biological families is developed. This framework is based upon three conceptual pillars: ecological constraints theory, inclusive fitness theory, and reproductive skew theory. I offer a set of 1...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.18.8092
更新日期:1995-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Solar photovoltaic (PV) electricity generation is expanding rapidly in China, with total capacity projected to be 400 GW by 2030. However, severe aerosol pollution over China reduces solar radiation reaching the surface. We estimate the aerosol impact on solar PV electricity generation at the provincial and regional g...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1711462114
更新日期:2017-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::The amino acid sequence of rabbit skeletal muscle heat-stable inhibitor of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase has been determined by microsequencing techniques. Proof of the structure involved a series of nonoverlapping tryptic fragments for primary identification of 86% of the amino acids. Complementary fragments gene...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.17.5732
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genomic RNA from the human prototype strain H of the hepatitis C virus (HCV-H) has been molecularly cloned and sequenced. The HCV-H sequence reported consists of 9416 nucleotides including the 5' and 3' untranslated regions. HCV-H shows 96% amino acid identity with the American isolate HCV-1 but only 84.9% with the Ja...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.22.10292
更新日期:1991-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::We searched for germ-line mutations of the APC gene in 79 unrelated patients with familial adenomatous polyposis using a ribonuclease protection analysis coupled with polymerase chain reaction amplifications of genomic DNA. Mutations were found in 53 patients (67%); 28 of the mutations were small deletions and 2 were ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.10.4452
更新日期:1992-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have shown that 3-nitropropionate, an isoelectronic analogue of succinate, is a suicide inactivator of succinate dehydrogenase [succinate:(acceptor) oxidoreductase, EC 1.3.99.1] as follows. (i) When rat liver mitochondria oxidize succinate in the presence of 3-nitropropionate carbanion, the rate of O(2) consumption...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.9.3767
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neutrophil spontaneous death plays essential roles in neutrophil homeostasis and resolution of inflammation, whereas the underlying molecular mechanisms are still ill-defined. Neutrophils die because of programmed cell death or apoptosis. However, treatment with inhibitor of caspases, which are responsible for the maj...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0605722103
更新日期:2006-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::A renin promoter-large tumor antigen (T antigen) fusion gene was constructed to provide a reporter function for renin expression in transgenic mice. These transgenic mice gave rise to tumors in subcutaneous soft tissue, which was attributed to transgene expression at this site. An immunohistochemical analysis of trans...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.20.7993
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outside of the tropics, environmental conditions fluctuate in a generally predictable manner across the year. Many small mammals have evolved mechanisms, such as seasonal breeding and annual adjustments in physiology, morphology, and behavior, that promote winter survival when food is scarce and thermoregulation is ch...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0810973106
更新日期:2009-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::A method has been developed for de novo peptide sequencing using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. This method will facilitate biological studies that require rapid determination of peptide or protein sequences, e.g., determination of posttranslational modifications, identification of acti...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.13.7131
更新日期:1999-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::The Belgrade (b) rat has an autosomal recessively inherited, microcytic, hypochromic anemia associated with abnormal reticulocyte iron uptake and gastrointestinal iron absorption. The b reticulocyte defect appears to be failure of iron transport out of endosomes within the transferrin cycle. Aspects of this phenotype ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.3.1148
更新日期:1998-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Insects impact human health through vector-borne diseases and cause major economic losses by damaging crops and stored agricultural products. Insect-specific growth regulators represent attractive control agents because of their safety to the environment and humans. We identified plant compounds that serve as juvenile...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1424386112
更新日期:2015-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::The complex prokaryote, Myxococcus xanthus, undergoes a program of multicellular development when starved for nutrients, culminating in sporulation. M. xanthus makes MglA, a 22-kDa, soluble protein that is required for both multicellular development and gliding motility. MglA is similar in sequence to the Saccharomyce...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.18.9881
更新日期:1997-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::It is proved that the well known Nagata automorphism of the polynomial ring in three variables over a field of characteristic zero is wild, that is, it can not be decomposed into a product of elementary automorphisms. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1735483100
更新日期:2003-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::The chronic use of several drugs, including opiates, results in the stereotypical behaviors characteristic of addiction. Alterations in gene expression have been associated with the use of these addictive drugs. Previous studies, however, have been limited to describing changes in amounts of individual mRNAs from sing...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.1.385
更新日期:1994-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::An oligomeric intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of peptidoglycan was isolated from B. megaterium. The oligomer has been identified as [disaccharide(pentapeptide)]12 pyrophosphoryl undecaprenol. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.11.4200
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates membrane protein phosphorylation in a human cell line, A-431. The known hepatic mitogenic action of EGF and the reduction in EGF receptor number that occurs during liver regeneration led us to study whether EGF-dependent protein kinase activity was present in rat liver and whet...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.3.776
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Veratridine or high potassium concentration increased guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) levels in neuroblastoma cells of clone N1E-115 without affecting levels of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP). The increases in cGMP appear to be a direct result of the depolarizing action of these agents and not...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.12.6295
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deficiency of acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) in mice results in a reduction in cholesterol ester synthesis in the small intestine and liver, which in turn limits intestinal cholesterol absorption, hepatic cholesterol gallstone formation, and the accumulation of cholesterol esters in the plasma lipoprot...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0336398100
更新日期:2003-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Retinal prosthetics offer hope for patients with retinal degenerative diseases. There are 20-25 million people worldwide who are blind or facing blindness due to these diseases, and they have few treatment options. Drug therapies are able to help a small fraction of the population, but for the vast majority, their bes...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1207035109
更新日期:2012-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Biological polymers such as nucleic acids and proteins are constructed of only one-the d or l-of the two possible nonsuperimposable mirror images (enantiomers) of selected organic compounds. However, before the advent of life, it is generally assumed that chemical reactions produced 50:50 (racemic) mixtures of enantio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1603030113
更新日期:2016-06-14 00:00:00