Abstract:
:The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) receives a direct retinal projection, which in rats includes substance P (SP)-immunoreactive retinal ganglion cells. While SP has been shown to have neurophysiological effects on SCN cells in Syrian hamsters and rats, it is not known what effects SP in the SCN has on circadian rhythms in hamsters. We examined this question using male Syrian hamsters that were implanted with cannulas aimed at the SCN region and maintained in constant dim red lighting conditions. Hamsters received 0.5 microl microinjections of saline or SP (500 pmol in saline) at a variety of circadian times (CT). Saline injections had little or no phase-shifting effects at any phase tested. SP had no significant effects at CT4-8, 16-20, or 20-24, but did cause small phase delays of -23.7 +/- 7 min (mean +/- sem) at CT12-16. In order to examine the dose-response relations of this effect, hamsters were also microinjected with 50 and 2500 pmol of SP at CT12-16. Both the 50 and 2500 pmol doses induced very small phase delays (-14.2 +/- 7 min and -18.2 +/- 5 min, respectively), indicating no obvious dose dependence within this range. These results do not suggest that SP alone in the SCN mimics light effects on circadian rhythms or is a key neurotransmitter involved in photic entrainment. It remains to be determined whether SP interacts with other transmitters in the SCN to modulate their effects on rhythm phase.
journal_name
Brain Res Bulljournal_title
Brain research bulletinauthors
Piggins HD,Rusak Bdoi
10.1016/s0361-9230(96)00371-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-01-01 00:00:00pages
451-5issue
6eissn
0361-9230issn
1873-2747pii
S0361923096003711journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The firing rate of the nerves innervating interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT), IBAT and colonic temperatures (TIBAT and Tc), heart rate, and oxygen (O2) consumption were monitored in urethane-anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats. These variables were measured for 40 min before (baseline values) and 40 min after...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(95)00032-a
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effects of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) on progesterone receptor (PR) isoforms gene expression in the brain of ovariectomised female and gonadectomised male rats by RT-PCR analysis. In female rats, the expression of both PR isoforms was induced by E2 and down-regulated by P in the hypothalamus, w...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00845-6
更新日期:2002-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Waxing and waning electrographic responses (augmenting) and primary evoked responses could be induced in restricted regions of hippocampus, thalamus, and skeletal muscle by bipolar, low-frequency (7-10 Hz), low-amplitude (35 mV-4V) stimulation of selected sites within the hippocampus or thalamus of rabbits. Induction ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(77)90003-x
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood-brain barrier permeability (BBB) to the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) was studied in rats following intraperitoneal (i.p) injections of GABA alone and in combination with L-Arginine (L-Arg). Administration of GABA (600 mg/kg body weight [b. wt.]) alone increased brain GABA concentra...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00755-9
更新日期:2002-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Unit responses to chorda tympani stimulation in urethane anesthetized rats were characterized by response latency and frequency following ability. One hundred and fifty one units responded with constant latencies, mean: 16.9 msec, S.D.: 7.8 msec. Responses recorded from within the superior salivatory nucleus (SSN) had...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(83)90213-7
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increases in expression of α4βδ GABAA receptors (GABARs), triggered by fluctuations in the neurosteroid THP (3α-OH-5α[β]-pregnan-20-one), are associated with changes in mood and cognition. We tested whether α4βδ trafficking and surface expression would be altered by in vitro exposure to flumazenil, a benzodiazepine li...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2015.11.015
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many objective and quantitative methods have been developed to create a procedure or a device to prove, describe and quantify olfactory deficit and anosmia, especially after a head trauma. Electrophysiological testing throughout olfactoelectroencephalography (olfactoEEG) is based on brain activity desynchronisation, a...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.08.004
更新日期:2006-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Light microscopic autoradiography of [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate binding sites was used to study the distribution of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in mouse mutants which have abnormalities affecting specific cerebellar cell types. In the normal C57BL/6J mouse, binding sites were distributed throughout the cerebella...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(88)90174-8
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The changes of characteristics of dopamine (D1 and D2) and muscarinic receptors after acute and subacute administration of bicuculline were examined in rat brain. The results demonstrated that in striatal region, the Bmax of D2 receptor was significantly increased with no change of affinity after subacute administrati...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(88)90114-1
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma gonadotropins, prolactin and hypothalamic tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity were evaluated at 15 and 30 min after third ventricular injection of bombesin at doses of 100 or 1000 ng and secretin at doses of 1000 and 5000 ng in ovariectomized (OVX) unanesthetized rats. Bombesin had no effect on plasma gonadotrop...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(83)90053-9
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies reported afferents to LC from the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), while more recent anatomic experiments indicate that the area of the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (PrH), but not the NTS, provides robust innervation of LC. In the present experiments, the contribution of these two dorsomedial medull...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(89)90022-1
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In animal models of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, ethanol causes a number of changes in brain development, with many of these changes being very transient. This is especially true for the process of synaptogenesis in different brain areas. Our quantitative electron microscopic study of synaptogenesis in the molecular layer ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(88)90119-0
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tetramethylrhodamine-dextran is a highly fluorescent neuroanatomical tracer that, in its 10,000 MW form, has seen widespread use as a sensitive anterograde tract-tracing label. We report here the use of a lower molecular weight tetramethylrhodamine-dextran (3000 MW; Molecular Probes, OR) as an in vivo intracellular ma...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(94)90017-5
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To acquire knowledge about the environment two types of learning are necessary: declarative localizatory learning about where environmental cues and the subject are, and procedural learning about how to explore and move around the environment. Experimental data indicate that hippocampal regions are involved in spatial...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.06.006
更新日期:2006-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of unilateral and bilateral electrolytic lesions of the dorsal raphe nuclei (DRN) of 30-day-old rats, on the spontaneous and induced ovulation, were analyzed. The bilateral lesion and the lesion on the right side of the DRN delayed the age of first vaginal estrous. None of the animals with bilateral lesion...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(94)90182-1
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The subparafascicular thalamic nucleus (Spf) contains a substantial number of dopaminergic neurons. The present study was designed to investigate in the rat whether or not Spf neurons projecting to a variety of central nervous system structures are dopaminergic. The following eight structures were tested for projectio...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(93)90191-d
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the behavioral, nutritional, and metabolic events that control dietary intake quality. Two experiments are described that manipulate nutritional conditions that have been hypothesized to affect dietary item choice so as to assess what effect, if any, the added factor of genetic obesity has in mod...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(85)90112-1
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microinjection of galanin into the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus has been reported to predominantly increase dietary fat consumption during the light or late dark periods. However, there have been no studies of the macronutrient-specific effects of galanin administered into the amygdala (AMY). We u...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(95)02086-1
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metformin (MET),an antidiabetic drug, has shown antioxidative and neuroprotective effects. In the present investigation, we aimed to study the probable effects of MET on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Rats underwent cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and MET was administered orally at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg for...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.07.015
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study analyzed the projection neurons of the anterior subdivision of the rat basolateral amygdaloid nucleus (BLa) by correlating the morphology of Golgi-stained neurons with the morphology of neurons that were retrogradely labeled by injections into the main terminal fields of BLa. In each animal multiple injecti...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(92)90177-y
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine synaptic input and association of terminals containing dopamine and other transmitters to rat striatal nitric oxide synthase-expressing neurons, an electron microscopic study using tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry combined with histochemistry for NADPH-diaphorase (NADPHd) was performed. NADPHd...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(96)00035-4
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prenatal cocaine exposure has been shown to cause neurobehavioral abnormalities. To determine whether effects on basic patterns of cell development underlie these functional deficits, we examined the aftermath of acute and chronic cocaine exposure on ontogenetic patterns of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a key regulat...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(93)90043-b
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aimed to investigate the effects of sleep deprivation (SD) on the dose-dependent stimulant effect of ethanol (ETOH) on the open-field behavior of female and male mice. Sleep-deprived (48 h, multiple platforms method) or home-cage control female mice were treated with saline (SAL) or 1.4, 1.8 or 2.2g/...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.01.006
更新日期:2006-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were made paraplegic by a complete transection of the spinal cord at lower thoracic level. One week later they were transplanted, below the level of the section, with a cell suspension prepared from the raphe region of 14-day embryos. After survival periods of 10 days to 1 year, the anim...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(89)90136-6
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors exert a sustained influence on the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (SCZ). Adolescent social isolation is regarded as a typical paradigm for SCZ. However, the underlying pathological mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, adolescent Sprague-Dawle...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.08.013
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to recently published papers acylated-ghrelin (A-Ghr) modifies memory and learning. The basolateral nucleus of amygdala (ABL) participates in the regulation of memory and learning mechanisms. Previously we verified A-Ghr responsive neurons in the ABL by electrophysiological methods. In male Wistar rats effec...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.10.003
更新日期:2010-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Intrathecal grafting of cells as biological pumps to deliver monoamines, endorphins, and/or trophic factors, has been shown to be effective in treating chronic pain both in experimental animals and in clinical trials. We have tested whether intrathecal implantation of neuroblastoma cells reduces heat hyperalgesia and ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00867-5
更新日期:2002-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Recent findings in epigenetics shed new light on the regulation of gene expression in the central nervous system (CNS) during stress. The most frequently studied epigenetic mechanisms are DNA methylation, histone modifications and microRNA activity. These mechanisms stably determine cell phenotype but can also be resp...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.07.003
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) has been reported to be up-regulated in the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) during dehydration which in turn could increase nitric oxide (NO) production and consequently affect arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion. The anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V) region has strong a...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.07.020
更新日期:2011-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::In accordance with the genetic nature of Huntington's disease (HD), transgenic and knock-in mouse models have been developed that have sought to recapitulate the key features of the human condition. To date, only a single rat model has been developed, the tgHD rat that carries 51 CAG repeats. The tgHD rat has many of ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.03.003
更新日期:2009-06-30 00:00:00