Abstract：
:In animal models of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, ethanol causes a number of changes in brain development, with many of these changes being very transient. This is especially true for the process of synaptogenesis in different brain areas. Our quantitative electron microscopic study of synaptogenesis in the molecular layer of the rat dentate gyrus supports the above statement, by demonstrating that ethanol has no effect on the appearance of synapses in the dentate gyrus during early postnatal life (10-30 days old). However, prenatal ethanol exposure does appear to affect the process of synapse turnover, which is indicated by the significantly delayed appearance of complex (curved) synapses and multiple synaptic contacts on single axonal terminals. Efficient synapse turnover is thought to be required for the normal maintenance of neuronal plasticity, which in turn ensures an animal's ability to respond to novel environments, tasks and injuries. It would seem that the prenatal neurotoxicology of ethanol may manifest itself by more subtle mechanisms at sites of structural and functional importance.
journal_name
Brain Res Bulljournal_title
Brain research bulletinauthors
Hoff SFdoi
10.1016/0361-9230(88)90119-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-07-01 00:00:00pages
47-54issue
1eissn
0361-9230issn
1873-2747pii
0361-9230(88)90119-0journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Simultaneous blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were taken from conscious sheep before, during and after parturition. Concentrations of plasma and CSF oxytocin were significantly elevated during contractions and particularly at birth. Mean prepartum CSF concentrations of oxytocin were around 55% of those foun...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(91)90178-m
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serotonin has been postulated to influence several developmental parameters. The potential role of serotonin in the development of the rat olfactory bulb, a simple cortical structure, was determined following selective depletion of serotonin to the olfactory bulb of neonate rats. In the neonate, 5,7-dHT was injected i...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(94)90062-0
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain cytokines have been implicated in brain plasticity and mood alterations. We present here the first evidence of a chronic stress-induced modulation of central cytokines, in absence of experimentally induced inflammatory processes. Several brain areas were extracted from stressed and control mice and cytokines mRN...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2003.09.009
更新日期：2003-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Methylphenidate (MPD) is currently one of the most prescribed drug therapies for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and moreover is abused for cognitive enhancement and used for recreation by the young and adults. Methylphenidate is used for prolonged periods of time and its mechanism of action on the bra...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.10.008
更新日期：2012-03-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating subtype of stroke because it has few viable therapeutic options to intervene against primary or second brain injury. Recently, evidence has suggested that ferroptosis, a nonapoptotic form of cell death, is involved in ICH. In this study, we examined whether ICH-induced n...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.08.013
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maternal immune activation during pregnancy is a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders, such as schizophrenia; however, a full mechanistic understanding has yet to be established. The activity of a transient cell population, the subplate neurons, is critical for the development of cortical inhibition and functi...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.10.006
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A newly developed technique employing the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase combined with immunocytochemistry is used to identify the cells of origin of descending spinal pathways and their putative neurotransmitters. With this technique the brainstem origins of descending serotonergic (5HT) pathways to t...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(82)90140-x
更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aluminium is highly neurotoxic and inhibits prenatal and postnatal development of the brain in humans and experimental animals. However, the incorporation of aluminium into the brain of fetuses and sucklings during gestation and lactation has not been well clarified because aluminium lacks a suitable isotope for a tra...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00509-3
更新日期：2001-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) multiple-unit activity (MUA) and single visual evoked responses (VER) followed by afterdischarge (AD) were examined in lightly restrained albino rats. It was found that VER AD spike components are initially quite prominent, exceeding at times the amplitude of the broad surface ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(81)90102-7
更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein-kinase II (CaMKII) is a ubiquitous intracellular enzyme, which is implicated in learning and memory mechanisms in the central nervous system, however its contribution to peripheral cholinergic neurotransmission is not well characterized. This study evaluated the impact of CaMKII on...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.12.010
更新日期：2010-04-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Sequence variations in genes involved in inflammation system are known to contribute to the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including stroke. In this study, we performed a genetic association study on the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) present in the genes CD14 (-159 C/T), TNFalpha (-308 G/A), IL-1alpha ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.08.007
更新日期：2008-01-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Administering increasing dosages of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone propionate (DHTP) (0, 40, or 80 microgram/100 g in oil daily) to ovariectomized female rats treated concurrently with estradiol benzoate (EB) (1 microgram/100 g in oil daily) caused significant, equivalent reduction in lordotic responsiveness in rats maint...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(81)90090-3
更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The acute effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG)-induced glucoprivic feeding on the anorectic drug recognition site and Na+K(+)-ATPase in the brain were examined in adult rats and in lean and genetically obese mice. The marked hyperglycemia and the induction of feeding caused by the administration of 2-DG to satiated rat...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(92)90180-6
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Theories pertaining to the "why" of motion sickness are in short supply relative to those detailing the "how." Considering the profoundly disturbing and dysfunctional symptoms of motion sickness, it is difficult to conceive of why this condition is so strongly biologically based in humans and most other mammalian and ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.09.017
更新日期：2010-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The central nervous system (CNS) histaminergic neurons have been shown to regulate feeding behavior and are a target of leptin in the brain. The present study aimed to examine the involvement of the histaminergic system in the leptin-mediated regulation of cardiovascular dynamics. We investigated the cardiovascular re...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2004.09.009
更新日期：2005-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of norepinephrine (NE) in the mediation of adrenocortical responses following limbic stimuli. The effects of stimulation of the dorsal and ventral hippocampus and the midbrain reticular formation on the plasma corticosterone (CS) levels was studied in rats with vehic...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(88)90197-9
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists directly address cholinergic neurotransmission with potential impact on glutamatergic function, they are considered as potential new symptomatic treatment options for Alzheimer's disease compared to the indirectly operating acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as th...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.04.006
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Levels of serotonin were measureed in microdissected, individual brain nuclei in ovariectomized rats after treatment with ovarian hormones. Regions sampled included nuclei in the forebrain, rostral and medial hypothalamus, and midbrain tegmentum. Estradiol benzoate decreased levels of luteinizing hormone in plasma but...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(79)90044-3
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retinal injuries and diseases are major causes of human disability involving vision impairment by the progressive and permanent loss of retinal neurons. During development, assembly of this tissue entails a successive and overlapping, signal-regulated engagement of complex events that include proliferation of progenit...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.10.016
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patterns of female sexual behavior in the hamster are qualitatively different from that observed in the rat. Hamsters demonstrate tonic immobility and a sustained lordotic response that can last for several minutes following minimal stimulation from the male while in rats, the lordotic response is highly dependent upo...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(87)90064-5
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate whether primary vestibular afferent fibers establish direct connections with the motor and sensory trigeminal system in the brainstem of the frog. The experiments were carried out on Rana esculenta. In anaesthetized animals the trigeminal and vestibular nerves were prepared, an...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.10.049
更新日期：2008-03-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies have demonstrated alterations in the dopamine (DA) system after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Additionally, the existence of significant sex-related differences in the dopaminergic system has long been recognized. Accordingly, the purpose of the present study was to investigate whether TBI would differ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.05.010
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gonadotrophin-releasing hormone 1 (GnRH1) system has been investigated immunohistochemically in Cape dune mole-rats (Bathyergus suillus), subterranean rodents that normally display severe aggression towards conspecifics. These animals breed seasonally and show a reduced mean plasma level of luteinising hormone dur...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2008.07.004
更新日期：2008-10-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Proneuropeptide Y (proNPY) is posttranslationally processed to NPY(1-36)amide and the C-terminal flanking peptide of NPY (CPON). Antisera directed against the N-terminal part of NPY, CPON, or CysNPY(32-36)amide were used to identify peptide fragments processed from proNPY in biopsies of human frontal cortical specimen...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(93)90235-4
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is an enzyme that metabolizes endocannabinoids and fatty acid amides possibly linked to activation of the opioid system. To examine how this enzyme affects spinal signalling, electrophysiological recordings in the dorsal horn and qPCR on dorsal horn tissue following systemic administr...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.11.009
更新日期：2012-02-10 00:00:00
abstract：:A method for constructing a simple spike counter from a conventional calculator by taking advantage of the "adding display to memory" function [(M+) key] is described. The modification involves connecting the (M+) key to a dissecting pin and to a metallic notebook binder which is taped on to a transparent plastic shee...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(83)90017-5
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prey-catching behavior (PCB) of the frog consists of a sequence of coordinated activity of muscles which is modified by various sensory signals. The aim of the present study was, for the first time, to examine the involvement of the trigeminal afferents in the swallowing phase of PCB. Experiments were performed on Ran...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.09.006
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is administered to neonates worldwide, but it is still unknown whether this neonatal vaccination affects brain development during early postnatal life, despite the close association of the immune system with the brain. Newborn C57BL/6 mice were injected subcutaneously with BCG or phospha...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2015.10.012
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gestational exposure to nicotine has been shown to interfere with biochemical markers of development of central and peripheral noradrenergic activity. The current study examines the development and function of cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors in the offspring of pregnant rats given nicotine infusions of 6 mg/kg/day f...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(90)90066-9
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This investigation assessed the relative reliability of the human auditory evoked potential (AEP) amplitude-intensity and latency-intensity functions. Averaged AEP waveforms to 10 levels of stimulus magnitude were obtained from bipolar recordings. Variability and slope of group functions were constant, as indicated by...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(80)90195-1
更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00
