Abstract:
:Covariation estimates between fear-relevant (FR; emergency situations) or fear-irrelevant (FI; mushrooms and nudes) stimuli and an aversive outcome (electrical shock) were examined in 10 high-fear (panic-prone) and 10 low-fear respondents. When the relation between slide category and outcome was random (illusory correlation), only high-fear participants markedly overestimated the contingency between FR slides and shocks. However, when there was a high contingency of shocks following FR stimuli (83%) and a low contingency of shocks following FI stimuli (17%), the group difference vanished. Reversal of contingencies back to random induced a covariation bias for FR slides in high- and low-fear respondents. Results indicate that panic-prone respondents show a covariation bias for FR stimuli and that the experience of a high contingency between FR slides and aversive outcomes may foster such a covariation bias even in low-fear respondents.
journal_name
J Abnorm Psycholjournal_title
Journal of abnormal psychologyauthors
Pauli P,Montoya P,Martz GEdoi
10.1037//0021-843x.105.4.658subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-11-01 00:00:00pages
658-62issue
4eissn
0021-843Xissn
1939-1846journal_volume
105pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In a prospective study of adolescent depression, adolescents (N = 1,508) were assessed at Time 1 and after 1 year (Time 2) on psychosocial variables hypothesized to be associated with depression. Most psychosocial variables were associated with current (n = 45) depression. Formerly depressed adolescents (n = 217) cont...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.103.2.302
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The comorbidity of various externalizing behaviors stems from a broad predisposition that is strongly genetically determined (R. F. Krueger, B. M. Hicks, C. J. Patrick, S. R. Carlson, W. G. Iacono, & M. McGue, 2002). This finding raises the question of how externalizing behavior is related to broad personality traits ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0013742
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments examined whether superior observational conditioning of fear occurs in observer rhesus monkeys that watch model monkeys exhibit an intense fear of fear-relevant, as compared with fear-irrelevant, stimuli. In both experiments, videotapes of model monkeys behaving fearfully were spliced so that it appear...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.98.4.448
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An item-cuing directed forgetting task was used to investigate whether women reporting repressed (n = 13) or recovered (n = 13) memories of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) exhibit an avoidant encoding style (and resultant impaired memory) for trauma cues relative to women reporting no CSA experience (n = 15). All partici...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.110.1.151
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous research has revealed anticipatory pleasure deficits in people with schizophrenia and people with social anhedonia but who do not have schizophrenia. Prospection is an important component of anticipatory pleasure, but little is known about the role of prospection in social anhedonia. In 2 studies, we investig...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000382
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is considerable concern about the adjustment of children of depressed mothers. Earlier we studied the specificity of these difficulties to maternal depression. Child adjustment difficulties were evident in 7- to 13-year-old children of both depressed and nondepressed psychiatric patient mothers but not in the ch...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.100.4.473
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia is associated with deficits in P50 suppression to the second stimulus in a pair, a process often conceptualized as a preattentive index of sensory gating. This study assessed the malleability of the deficit by determining whether early attentional control can influence P50 gating across different phases ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0018265
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined Ridley's (1984) typology of paranoia in African Americans, which assumes orthogonal dimensions of culture and pathology in symptom expression. Median split of scores on the Cultural Mistrust Inventory and the scale of False Beliefs and Perceptions represented high and low levels of cultural paranoi...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.111.4.568
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This commentary emphasizes the implications for a mental health research agenda that stem from the papers in this special section on dimensional models of psychopathology. These include the need to extend dimensional models to a wider range of psychopathology; the relationship of the dimensions described in these pape...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.4.565
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite a wealth of research, the core features of psychopathy remain hotly debated. Using network analysis, an innovative and increasingly popular statistical tool, the authors mapped the network structure of psychopathy, as operationalized by the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 2003) in two large U.S. of...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000315
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent population-based surveys, minority sexual orientation has been identified as a potential risk indicator for psychiatric morbidity. However, methodological limitations in the studies to date have led to concerns that current estimates are biased due to inadequate measurement of sexual orientation and uncontro...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0016501
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale was administered to 68 identical and 161 fraternal twin pairs reared apart and 114 identical and 138 fraternal pairs reared together to ascertain relative genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in self-reported depressive symptoms. Intrac...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.101.4.701
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reports an error in "Default mode functional connectivity is associated with social functioning in schizophrenia" by Jaclyn M. Fox, Samantha V. Abram, James L. Reilly, Shaun Eack, Morris B. Goldman, John G. Csernansky, Lei Wang and Matthew J. Smith (Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 2017[May], Vol 126[4], 392-405). In t...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000295
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Problematic alcohol involvement typically peaks in the early 20s and declines with age. This maturing out of alcohol involvement is usually attributed to individuals attaining adult statuses incompatible with heavy drinking. Nevertheless, little is known about how changes in problematic alcohol use during emerging/ear...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0015125
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little longitudinal research has examined progression to more severe bipolar disorders in individuals with "soft" bipolar spectrum conditions. We examine rates and predictors of progression to bipolar I and II diagnoses in a nonpatient sample of college-age participants (n = 201) with high General Behavior Inventory s...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0023973
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten sexually functional and 10 dysfunctional men viewed sexually explicit films following ingestion of each of three placebo pills described as an erection enhancement pill, an erection detraction pill, and a placebo pill. Functionals evidenced a reverse placebo effect with significantly higher erectile response under...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.102.4.525
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We measured the reaction times (RTs) of schizophrenic (n = 25), matched normal (n = 69), and bipolar (n = 14) subjects to a tone preceded by a preparatory interval (PI; the time between the warning signal and imperative stimulus) of varying length. RTs increase when the PI for the immediately preceding trial (the PPI)...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.102.1.145
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined whether depressed persons' social skill deficits contribute to their negative cognitions and whether this contribution is independent of their negative schemata. Depressed (n = 60) and nondepressed (n = 60) subjects engaged in group discussions. We assessed subjects' social competence schemata with a quest...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.100.1.45
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Children's emotional regulation (as indexed by vagal suppression) and children's emotional reactivity during an argument were examined as moderators and mediators of parental problem drinking and children's adjustment in a sample of 6- to 12-year-olds. Cardiac vagal tone was assessed during both a baseline condition a...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.110.4.499
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we tested an attributional model of expressed emotion (EE) among Mexican-American families. A sample of 46 key family members of schizophrenic patients were measured on three dimensions: affect toward patient, controllability attributions, and level of EE. Consistent with an attributional model, we found...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.102.4.601
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Former college students (n = 36) identified by high scores on the Hypomanic Personality Scale (HYP; Eckblad & Chapman, 1986) were compared with control participants (n = 31) at a 13-year follow-up assessment. As hypothesized, the HYP group reported more bipolar disorders and major depressive episodes than the control ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although high-risk research suggests that children of depressed mothers are at increased risk for psychological disorders, the mechanisms of this risk are not well understood. In the current study, the information processing of children of depressed mothers was compared with that of children whose mothers were not dep...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.108.2.202
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Everyday functioning requires the appropriate allocation of visual attention, which is achieved through multiple mechanisms of attentional guidance. Traditional theories have focused on top-down and bottom-up factors, but implicit learning from recent experience ("selection history") also has a substantial impact on a...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000511
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of binge eating behavior in early middle school predicts future diagnoses and health difficulties. We showed that this early binge eating behavior can be predicted by risk factors assessed in elementary school. We tested the acquired preparedness model of risk, which involves transactions among personalit...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0027567
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is growing evidence that rumination, perhaps specifically brooding rumination, is a core feature of depression and that it contributes to the development and maintenance of the disorder. A separate line of research has highlighted the role played by heart rate variability (HRV). Both brooding rumination and HRV ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0035450
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated social perceptions and consequences of depression and anxiety in roommate relationships. Mildly depressed, anxious but nondepressed, and nondepressed-nonanxious students (targets) and normal, same-sex roommates (a) rated the interpersonal impact on themselves of typical associations with their roommate...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.99.4.361
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research indicates that life events involving goal attainment and goal striving trigger hypomania/mania and that negative life events trigger bipolar depression. These findings are consistent with the behavioral approach system (BAS) dysregulation model of bipolar disorders, which suggests that individuals with bipola...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0019533
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age of first drink (AFD) has repeatedly been found to be associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD); however, some studies suggest this is a noncausal effect that may be due to childhood risk factors or familial influences. In contrast to indicators of any early alcohol use, such as AFD, indicators of a pattern of rep...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000474
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study tested the extent to which gender role attributes and gender role ideology account for sex differences in internally directed psychological distress and in externally directed deviant behavior in a random sample of 2,013 adolescents. Results indicate that gender roles substantially mediate sex differences i...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.103.4.595
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 126(2) of Journal of Abnormal Psychology (see record 2016-56318-001). In the article, Figure 1 had incorrect axis labels. There was also an error in the abstract, which did not state that ΔFN was calculated as FN to losses minus FN to gains. All versi...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000237
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00