A functional interleukin 12 receptor complex is composed of two beta-type cytokine receptor subunits.

abstract：:The impact of rapid climate change on contemporary human populations is of global concern. To contextualize our understanding of human responses to rapid climate change it is necessary to examine the archeological record during past climate transitions. One episode of abrupt climate change has been correlated with soc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Armit I,Swindles GT,Becker K,Plunkett G,Blaauw M

更新日期：2014-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to integrate visual information over space is a fundamental component of human pattern vision. Regardless of whether it is for detecting luminance contrast or for recognizing objects in a cluttered scene, the position of the target in the visual field governs the size of a window within which visual inform...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kwon M,Liu R

更新日期：2019-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Postnatal development and adult function of the central nervous system are dependent on the capacity of neurons to effect long-term changes of specific properties in response to neural activity. This neuronal response has been demonstrated to be tightly correlated with the expression of a set of regulatory genes which...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaufmann WE,Worley PF,Pegg J,Bremer M,Isakson P

更新日期：1996-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The karyophilic properties of the HIV-1 nucleoprotein complex facilitate infection of nondividing cells such as macrophages and quiescent T lymphocytes, and allow the in vivo delivery of transgenes by HIV-derived retroviral vectors into terminally differentiated cells such as neurons. Although the viral matrix (MA) an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gallay P,Hope T,Chin D,Trono D

更新日期：1997-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism, chromosome 17 type (FTDP-17) is caused by mutations in the tau gene, and the signature lesions of FTDP-17 are filamentous tau inclusions. Tau mutations may be pathogenic either by altering protein function or gene regulation. Here we show that missense, silent, and intronic t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： D'Souza I,Poorkaj P,Hong M,Nochlin D,Lee VM,Bird TD,Schellenberg GD

更新日期：1999-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Theoretical models suggest that social networks influence the evolution of cooperation, but to date there have been few experimental studies. Observational data suggest that a wide variety of behaviors may spread in human social networks, but subjects in such studies can choose to befriend people with similar behavior...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fowler JH,Christakis NA

更新日期：2010-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes the state of the art in applications of voice-processing technologies. In the first part, technologies concerning the implementation of speech recognition and synthesis algorithms are described. Hardware technologies such as microprocessors and DSPs (digital signal processors) are discussed. Softw...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakatsu R,Suzuki Y

更新日期：1995-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Clostridium difficile, a causative agent of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and its potentially lethal form, pseudomembranous colitis, produces two large protein toxins that are responsible for the cellular damage associated with the disease. The level of toxin production appears to be critical for determining the seve...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mani N,Dupuy B

更新日期：2001-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Preterm birth (PTB) complications are the leading cause of long-term morbidity and mortality in children. By using whole blood samples, we integrated whole-genome sequencing (WGS), RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and DNA methylation data for 270 PTB and 521 control families. We analyzed this combined dataset to identify gen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knijnenburg TA,Vockley JG,Chambwe N,Gibbs DL,Humphries C,Huddleston KC,Klein E,Kothiyal P,Tasseff R,Dhankani V,Bodian DL,Wong WSW,Glusman G,Mauldin DE,Miller M,Slagel J,Elasady S,Roach JC,Kramer R,Leinonen K,Linth

更新日期：2019-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Apoptosis has been shown to be a significant form of cell loss in many diseases. Detachment of photoreceptors from the retinal pigment epithelium, as seen in various retinal disorders, causes photoreceptor loss and subsequent vision decline. Although caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways are activated after retinal det...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Trichonas G,Murakami Y,Thanos A,Morizane Y,Kayama M,Debouck CM,Hisatomi T,Miller JW,Vavvas DG

更新日期：2010-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of human angiogenin (reported in the preceding paper in this issue) reveals that the site that corresponds to the pyrimidine binding site of RNase A is obstructed by Gln-117. Mutation of this residue to Ala and Gly is here found to increase activity 11- to 18-fold and 21- to 30-fold, respectively...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Russo N,Shapiro R,Acharya KR,Riordan JF,Vallee BL

更新日期：1994-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular transport is interspersed with frequent reversals in direction due to the presence of opposing kinesin and dynein motors on organelles that are carried as cargo. The cause and the mechanism of reversals are unknown, but are a key to understanding how cargos are delivered in a regulated manner to specific...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soppina V,Rai AK,Ramaiya AJ,Barak P,Mallik R

更新日期：2009-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Ultrashort light pulses can selectively excite charges, spins, and phonons in materials, providing a powerful approach for manipulating their properties. Here we use femtosecond laser pulses to coherently manipulate the electron and phonon distributions, and their couplings, in the charge-density wave (CDW) material 1...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang Y,Shi X,You W,Tao Z,Zhong Y,Cheenicode Kabeer F,Maldonado P,Oppeneer PM,Bauer M,Rossnagel K,Kapteyn H,Murnane M

更新日期：2020-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The charge density distribution of a protein has been refined experimentally. Diffraction data for a crambin crystal were measured to ultra-high resolution (0.54 A) at low temperature by using short-wavelength synchrotron radiation. The crystal structure was refined with a model for charged, nonspherical, multipolar a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jelsch C,Teeter MM,Lamzin V,Pichon-Pesme V,Blessing RH,Lecomte C

更新日期：2000-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The problem of Congressional apportionment is explained together with a brief history of the methods used or considered for its solution. Reasons are given for rejecting the presently used method of equal proportions and for accepting a new method, the quota method, which is the unique method satisfying three essentia...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Balinski ML,Young HP

更新日期：1974-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We demonstrate here that yeast killer viruses, previously thought to be transmitted only by cytoplasmic mixing during division, mating, or other induced forms of cell fusion, are capable of extracellular transmission. Viral particles from standard K1 and K2 killer strains were used to inoculate sensitive cells of Sacc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： el-Sherbeini M,Bostian KA

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss-of-function mutations in the genes associated with primary microcephaly (MCPH) reduce human brain size by about two-thirds, without producing gross abnormalities in brain organization or physiology and leaving other organs largely unaffected [Woods CG, et al. (2005) Am J Hum Genet 76:717-728]. There is also evide...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rimol LM,Agartz I,Djurovic S,Brown AA,Roddey JC,Kähler AK,Mattingsdal M,Athanasiu L,Joyner AH,Schork NJ,Halgren E,Sundet K,Melle I,Dale AM,Andreassen OA,Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.

更新日期：2010-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The last 500 million years of the strontium-isotope record are shown to correlate significantly with the concurrent record of isotopic fractionation between inorganic and organic carbon after the effects of recycled sediment are removed from the strontium signal. The correlation is shown to result from the common depe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rothman DH

更新日期：2002-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone for which only few client proteins and no cofactors are known and whose mode of action is unclear. To decipher the mode of GRP94 action in vivo, we exploited our finding that GRP94 is necessary for the production of insulin-like growth fac...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ostrovsky O,Makarewich CA,Snapp EL,Argon Y

更新日期：2009-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans shift their gaze to a new location several times per second. It is still unclear what determines where they look next. Fixation behavior is influenced by the low-level salience of the visual stimulus, such as luminance, contrast, and color, but also by high-level task demands and prior knowledge. Under natural ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schütz AC,Trommershäuser J,Gegenfurtner KR

更新日期：2012-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein δ (C/EBPδ) recently emerged as an essential player in the inflammatory response to bacterial infections. C/EBPδ levels increase rapidly after a proinflammatory stimulus, and increasing C/EBPδ levels seem to be indispensable for amplification of the inflammatory response. Here we aimed to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Duitman J,Schouten M,Groot AP,Borensztajn KS,Daalhuisen JB,Florquin S,van der Poll T,Spek CA

更新日期：2012-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The three-dimensional organization of HLA antigens has been investigated by spectroscopic and immunochemical techniques. Measurement of the circular dichroism shows that in papain-solubilized HLA the heavy chain as well as the previously studied light chain (beta 2-microglobulin) consists predominantly of beta-pleated...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lancet D,Parham P,Strominger JL

更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutant I1A cells, lacking IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) mRNA and protein, have been used to study the involvement of IRAK in NFkappaB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. A series of IRAK deletion constructs were expressed in I1A cells, which were then tested for their ability to respond to IL-1. Bot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li X,Commane M,Jiang Z,Stark GR

更新日期：2001-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Sodium/hydrogen exchangers (NHEs) are ubiquitous ion transporters that serve multiple cell functions. We have studied two mammalian isoforms, NHE1 (ubiquitous) and NHE3 (epithelial-specific), by measuring extracellular proton (H+) gradients during whole-cell patch clamp with perfusion of the cell interior. Maximal Na(...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fuster D,Moe OW,Hilgemann DW

更新日期：2004-07-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the factors that shape macroevolutionary patterns in functional traits is a central goal of evolutionary biology. Alternative strategies of sexual reproduction (inbreeding vs. outcrossing) have divergent effects on population genetic structure and could thereby broadly influence trait evolution. However,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Campbell SA,Kessler A

更新日期：2013-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The soybean genome hosts a family of several hundred, relatively homogeneous copies of a large, copia/Ty1-like retroelement designated SIRE-1. A copy of this element has been recovered from a Glycine max genomic library. DNA sequence analysis of two SIRE-1 subclones revealed that SIRE-1 contains a long, uninterrupted,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Laten HM,Majumdar A,Gaucher EA

更新日期：1998-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant adenoviruses containing the canine factor IX (FIX) cDNA were directly introduced in the hind leg muscle of mice. We show that (i) in nude mice, high expression (1-5 micrograms/ml in plasma) of FIX protein can be detected for > 300 days; (ii) in contrast, expression of FIX protein was transient (7-10 days) ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dai Y,Schwarz EM,Gu D,Zhang WW,Sarvetnick N,Verma IM

更新日期：1995-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinically available drugs active against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and other human herpesviruses are limited to those targeting viral DNA replication. To identify compounds directed against other steps in the viral life cycle, we searched for drugs active against the EBV SM protein, which is essential for infectious v...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Verma D,Thompson J,Swaminathan S

更新日期：2016-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ser52Pro variant of transthyretin (TTR) produces aggressive, highly penetrant, autosomal-dominant systemic amyloidosis in persons heterozygous for the causative mutation. Together with a minor quantity of full-length wild-type and variant TTR, the main component of the ex vivo fibrils was the residue 49-127 fragme...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mangione PP,Porcari R,Gillmore JD,Pucci P,Monti M,Porcari M,Giorgetti S,Marchese L,Raimondi S,Serpell LC,Chen W,Relini A,Marcoux J,Clatworthy IR,Taylor GW,Tennent GA,Robinson CV,Hawkins PN,Stoppini M,Wood SP,Pepys

更新日期：2014-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular parasite that can readily infect the macrophage-like cell line J774 and the kidney epithelial cell PtK2. After being ingested, the organism escapes from the phagolysosome into the host-cell cytoplasm. N-(7-Nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)-phallacidin, a specific stain for act...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dabiri GA,Sanger JM,Portnoy DA,Southwick FS

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00