Abstract：
:In 1994, it was estimated that about 44,500 American women would die from breast cancer and 7000 women from cervical cancer. While early detection methods (screening mammography, breast examinations, and pap smears) have proven to be effective means of decreasing these cancers, they are underused by all groups. In particular, low-income women use them least, resulting in their lower survival and higher mortality rates than the rest of the population. This article quantifies the effect of a simple intervention undertaken by a health maintenance organization (HMO) serving the indigent to improve breast and cervical cancer screening rates. The HMO mailed personal letters and newsletter articles to women members > or = 40 years about the need for cancer prevention. Articles also were printed in the monthly HMO newsletters to providers about the benefits of using these early detection methods. A review of provider claims from 574 women showed that baseline utilization rates for screening mammograms and pap smears before the intervention in year 1 (1990) were 14% and 16.4%, respectively. After the intervention, in years 2 and 3, mammograms had increased to 41% and pap smears to 38% for both years, indicating a levelling off effect of the intervention by year 3. These data show that while a significant improvement in screening behaviors was achieved, the intervention impact was limited to only about one third of the sample on the long term. Further, data do not indicate whether behavioral change was initiated as the member or provider level. More research is needed to increase overall screening behavior among the indigent and their physicians. The results reported here provide a baseline against which more intensive interventions can be measured in this setting.
journal_name
J Natl Med Assocjournal_title
Journal of the National Medical Associationauthors
Hardy RE,Eckert C,Hargreaves MK,Belay Y,Jones TN,Cebrun AJsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-06-01 00:00:00pages
381-4issue
6eissn
0027-9684issn
1943-4693journal_volume
88pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract：:This study investigates the alteration of serum cholinesterase levels in diabetics and its possible relationship to blood glucose, insulin, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels. Fourteen phasic insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients were compared with 10 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 10 noninsulin-depende...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most radiologists agree that micronized barium is superior to regular USP barium in demonstrating ulcers of the stomach and duodenum. The authors present the results of a study which shows the differences in reliability of the two substances in demonstrating duodenal ulcers. ...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an effort to determine the impact of one aspect of the Cincinnati Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center's educational program, a study of the level of knowledge of sickle cell facts by elementary and secondary school students in the Cincinnati public school system was conducted. An underlying assumption of this study wa...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Black women in Minnesota and beyond have a greater burden of death due to some cancers than their White counterparts. Delayed screening and treatment may explain these disparate statistics. The purpose of this study was to work in collaboration with a local Black faith-based organization to gain an updated u...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jnma.2019.02.006
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various cardiovascular complications are among the major causes of mortality in renal transplant recipients. The authors examined the cardiovascular findings from necropsy of 18 renal transplant patients. All but three of the patients showed one or more pathological abnormalities. Five patients exhibited severe corona...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The three leukotriene (LT) modifiers approved for use in the United States, zileuton, zafirlukast, and montelukast, are the first new class of therapeutic agents to be introduced in 20 years for the treatment of asthma. These agents are referred to as leukotriene modifiers and have clearly demonstrated the ability to ...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tendency for selected cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors to occur in clusters has led to the description of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The relative impact of the individual risk factor on the overall relative risk (RR) for cardiovascular death from metabolic syndrome is not well established and may differ a...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0027-9684(15)31304-3
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To a cancer patient, pain is a very distressing symptom and to the physician it heralds advanced nature of the disease. While the mechanisms of initiation of pain are simple, its perception is very complex. In cancer, the tumor growth which results in producing pressure, destruction of tissue, and obstruction is the m...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Within 50 years, if current trends continue, 50 million elderly Americans will suffer visual impairment from macular degeneration or cataract. However, available evidence indicates that this impending crisis of visual health can be minimized by a simple, safe, inexpensive, and practical means of prevention. Cataract a...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to evaluate whether comprehensive multidisciplinary care (cMDC) for breast cancer patients affected time from diagnosis to treatment, compliance with appointments and to assess for racial disparities. METHODS:This institutional review board approved retrospective study included adult patients ...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jnma.2020.03.010
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study investigates whether racial/ethnic disparities in childhood asthma prevalence can be explained by differences in family and neighborhood socioeconomic position (SEP). METHODS:Data were from the 2001 Rhode Island Health Interview Survey (RI HIS), a statewide representative sample of 2,600 Rhode Isl...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe the findings of anhidrotic/hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in three successive generations of a family. All three women had variable alopecia, anhidrosis, hypodontia and malar hypoplasia. Chromosomal studies revealed a defect of the 2q12 region in all three patients. Previous studies have reported rare c...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving global situation, infecting over 25 million people and causing more than 850,000 deaths. Several signs and symptoms have been described to be characteristic of the disease. However, there is a dearth of report on the description of the clinical characteristics of t...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jnma.2020.11.011
更新日期：2020-12-22 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms and examine the contribution of demographics, disease severity, and health care use variables to depressive symptoms in sickle cell patients who had been in stable health for at least one month. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Subjects were a convenience sample of 27 men an...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Crohn's disease is less prevalent in blacks than in whites. However, when it does occur, it is associated with a high degree of morbidity and is frequently unrecognized at initial presentation. Forty-three patients with Crohn's disease presented to Howard University Hospital between 1965 and 1987. There were 156 hospi...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The personality of the therapist does influence the psychotherapeutic process. Given that therapists are human, they do, in fact, bring into the encounter their moral and cultural, and sometimes even racial, attitudes in spite of efforts to maintain objectivity and neutrality. Ignoring the impact of the therapist-clie...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Dental caries is a big public health problem which is prevalent in the highest degree worldwide, especially in lower socioeconomic levels. This study aims to investigate the anti-caries effects of Curcumin in Turmeric on the caries model of enamel under laboratory conditions. METHODS:In order to make a reli...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jnma.2017.12.005
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Baclofen is widely used in the treatment of spasticity of spinal origin. It is relatively free of side effects or toxic actions on the nervous system or other organs. Agitation, personality change, and auditory and visual hallucinations have been described following its abrupt withdrawal. One patient with generalized ...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quit-rates for cigarette smokers in a lifestyle intervention program aimed at reducing coronary risk were 24 percent for all participants and 34 percent for non-dropouts. Recidivism remained very low during participation in the program. Half of the smokers who quit did so after being in the program more than two years...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A study in the general population has shown a higher acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) mortality among blacks. We studied whether black blunt-trauma patients experience different ARDS incidence, ARDS-associated mortality, or ARDS case fatality rates. METHODS:National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) extract...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0027-9684(15)30700-8
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Meager information exists regarding the morbidity of cancer surgery in obese patients, and it is generally assumed that surgery in the obese patient is attended with increased complications over those found in nonobese patients. A retrospective evaluation was undertaken at the Louisiana State University Medical Center...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the widespread availability of firearms, stab wounds to the abdomen, back, and flank continue to account for a significant number of injuries. The proper sequencing of diagnostic modalities in this patient group is constantly undergoing change. We report our experience with these injuries and present a new alg...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is considered to be 1 of the cornerstones of diabetes self-management. It is unclear whether inadequate health literacy affects SMBG. OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between health literacy and SMBG. METHODS:This was a cross-sect...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0027-9684(15)30469-7
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of medical students who are underrepresented in medicine (UIM) from two urban medical centers with an interest in pursuing academic pediatrics. METHODS:Focus groups were conducted at Children's National Hospital (CN) at three different times with UIM med...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jnma.2020.07.014
更新日期：2020-08-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Painful palmar and plantar erythema is an uncommon systemic complication of chemotherapy and has been reported in association with methotrexate, cystosine arabinoside, doxorubicin, and 5-fluorouracil. The authors report a case in which the syndrome was precipitated by hepatic artery infusion of 5-FUdR. The previous re...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five patients with coexistent carcinoma of the lung and active tuberculosis within the same pulmonary lesion were studied. These cases represent five distinctly varying radiographic presentations and point out the extreme diversity of the morphological pictures of this particular disease combination. Physicians who re...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study is to characterize African-American women attending a community clinic who report frequent douching (douching > or = 2 times per week). METHODS:A consecutive sample of 115 black women attending a community clinic were interviewed face-to-face about their douching practices. Logistic...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We examined the relationship between frequency of incarceration and preincarceration risk behaviors and determined the demographic factors associated with risk behaviors among a sample of African American inmates. METHODS:We surveyed 229 (102 female and 127 male) randomly selected inmates. Risk behaviors bet...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0027-9684(15)30877-4
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The epidemiology of nosocomial infections was studied for 5 years in 10 Oklahoma hospitals. These were categorized into small and large hospitals. The seven small hospitals averaged 47 beds and the three large hospitals averaged 266 beds. Overall, most of the infected patients were < 5 years of > 60 years of age. Fema...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medical mycology involves the study of pathogenic fungi and their identification in the laboratory. Mycology has developed into a field that demands the attention of all clinicians treating patients in hospitals. Interest in medical mycology has grown in recent years due to a dramatic rise in the rates of fungal infec...
journal_title：Journal of the National Medical Association
pub_type： 社论
doi：
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
