Abstract:
:When people misidentify everyday odors, as they often do, their errors may conceivably lie in faulty perceptions or in faulty access to the names. Discussions of the matter usually focus on the latter, as if people had no problems with perceptual accuracy. (The problem of faulty access may get attention because its high subjective impact makes it particularly memorable, when it does occur.) However, studies have demonstrated breakdowns in ability to discriminate quality, from which it follows that people will misidentify items through perceptual confusions. Furthermore, misidentifications often contain considerable information about the identities of items, as if people simply did not perceive the items accurately, but perhaps fuzzily or with some perceptual bias. Recognition memory, with a 2-day interval between inspection and test, provided a vehicle to address two questions on this topic: (i) Would people notice that we had switched items and had presented for recognition items that matched their misidentifications rather than the original items inspected? (ii) Would people not only fall for the false bait, but actually identify the switched items correctly, and thereby imply that they were 'tuned' to perceive those odors? People commonly failed to notice the switches, i.e. took the bait and commonly identified the switched items with veridical names. Although subject to further study, the outcome suggests that when people give such names as garlic for vinegar, orange for lime, soy sauce for molasses and many others, the errors often lie largely at a perceptual stage of processing, i.e. at input rather than output.
journal_name
Chem Sensesjournal_title
Chemical sensesauthors
Cain WS,Potts BCdoi
10.1093/chemse/21.1.35subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-02-01 00:00:00pages
35-44issue
1eissn
0379-864Xissn
1464-3553journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CHEMICAL SENSES文献大全abstract::Cigarettes are an often-used consumer product, and flavor is an important determinant of their product appeal. Cigarettes with strong nontobacco flavors are popular among young people, and may facilitate smoking initiation. Discriminating flavors in tobacco is important for regulation purposes, for instance to set upp...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjw123
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biological detectors such as the human nose or an insect antenna represent extremely attractive detectors for gas chromatography (GC) since they are specifically tuned to perceive biologically relevant compounds. However, these detectors are nonlinear, noisy and often perform poorly under standard GC conditions since ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/23.6.647
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since starch is a significant part of human diet, its oral detection would be highly beneficial. This study was designed to determine whether starch or its degradation products can be tasted and what factors influence its perception. Subjects were asked 1) to taste 8% raw and cooked starch samples for 5, 15, and 35 s ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjx042
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study determined taste thresholds for copper as its speciation was varied among free cupric ion, complexed cupric ion, and precipitated cupric particles. The impact of copper chemistry on taste is important as copper is added to many beverages and can be present in drinking water as a natural mineral or due to co...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjl010
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemosensory receptors, including odor, taste, and vomeronasal receptors, comprise the largest group of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the mammalian genome. However, little is known about the molecular determinants that are critical for the detection and discrimination of ligands by most of these receptors. Th...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjj053
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The capacity of the peripheral olfactory system to recover after injury has not been thoroughly explored. P2-IRES-tauLacZ mice were exposed to methyl bromide, which causes epithelial damage and kills 90% of the P2 neurons. With subsequent neuronal regeneration, P2 neurons recover within their usual territory to equal ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bju033
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of obesity and obesity-related disorders such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome has increased significantly in the past decades, reaching epidemic levels and therefore becoming a major health issue worldwide. Chronic overeating of highly palatable foods is one of the main responsible aspec...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjx062
更新日期:2017-12-25 00:00:00
abstract::The stimuli used in taste research are usually considered to be odourless. This was tested in two experiments with aqueous solutions of two representative compounds for each of the five taste qualities including umami. In the first experiment elderly and young subjects rated the intensity and pleasantness of three con...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjh251
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence has suggested that factors related to sensory perception may explain excess weight. The objective of this study was to consider multiple aspects while investigating the phenomenon of obesity. One goal was to compare taste acuity (taste threshold and density of fungiform papillae) in both normal weight ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjv072
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pheromone-sensitive sensilla trichodea of nine moth species belonging to six families and three superfamilies of Lepidoptera were immunolabelled with an antiserum against the pheromone-binding protein of Antheraea polyphemus. Strong immunolabelling of the sensillum lymph was observed in all long sensilla trichodea of ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/21.6.719
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atypical glomeruli (AtG) are clearly distinguishable from typical ones because of their strong cholinergic innervation. AtG are located in defined positions in the caudal half of the main olfactory bulb of rodents. The AtG partially overlap with other specialized olfactory subsystems, such as the modified glomerular c...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/26.1.7
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cabbage moth, Mamestra brassicae L. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), is a polyphagous species that is often choosing plants of Brassica as hosts for oviposition. In the search for biologically relevant odorants used by these moths, gas chromatography linked to electrophysiological recordings from single receptor neurons ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjm061
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of single fibers isolated from a branch of the facial/trigeminal complex innervating the maxillary barbel of the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, indicated the existence of bimodal (taste/tactile) fibers. Of the 60 single fibers recorded, 14 (23%) responded to both taste (amino acid) and tactile stimulat...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/22.4.477
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutathione, a natural substance, acts on calcium receptors on the tongue and is known to enhance basic taste sensations. However, the effects of glutathione on brain activity associated with taste sensation on the tongue have not been determined under standardized taste delivery conditions. In this study, we investig...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjw066
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were performed to determine which bundles of the olfactory tracts were essential for mediating alarm reaction in crucian carp (Carassius carassius L.). The fish were maintained in physiological saline after surgery to preserve the remaining tracts and postoperative inspections revealed the functionality of...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/25.1.103
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence suggests that women outperform men in core aspects of odor perception, and sex hormones may play a significant role in moderating this effect. The gender-affirming treatment (GAT) of transgender persons constitutes a powerful natural experiment to study the psychological and behavioral effects of high dosages...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjz069
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The septal organ of Masera (SO) is a small, isolated patch of olfactory epithelium, located in the ventral part of the nasal septum. We investigated in this systematic study the postnatal development of the SO in histological sections of rats at various ages from the day of birth (P1) to P666. The SO-area increases to...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjg047
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three experiments assessed potential changes in the rat's perception of sodium chloride (NaCl) during a state of sodium appetite. In Experiment 1, sodium-sufficient rats licking a range of NaCl concentrations (0.028-0.89M) in 15s trials showed an inverted U-shaped concentration response function peaking at 0.281M. Dep...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjw100
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is difficult to determine the reason why a patient complains of a bitter taste when their mouth is empty. We examined a new diagnostic test using a bitterness masking substance. The bitterness masking substance, 'Benecoat BMI-60' (hereafter BMI-60), is a masking substance specific to the taste cells' bitterness rec...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/26.1.91
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antisense DNA method has been used successfully to block the expression of specific genes in vivo in neuronal systems. An increasing number of studies in the last few years have shown that antisense DNA administered directly into the brain can modify various kinds of behaviors. These findings strongly suggest that...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/chemse/23.2.249
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Taste sensitivity is assessed with various techniques, including absolute detection and quality recognition. For any stimulus, one might expect individual differences in sensitivity to be reflected in all measures, but they are often surprisingly independent. Here, we focus on sensitivity to sour and salty taste, in p...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjt003
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have reported that the umami taste of monosodium l-glutamate (MSG) and salty-smelling odors (e.g., soy sauce, bacon, sardines) enhance the perception of saltiness. This study aimed to investigate the neural basis of the enhancement of saltiness in human participants using functional near-infrared spec...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjx084
更新日期:2018-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Activity-dependent processes are important to olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in several ways, such as cell survival and the specificity of axonal convergence. The identification of activity-dependent mRNAs has contributed to our understanding of OSN axon convergence, but has revealed surprisingly little about other ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjx028
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats can be classified as either sucralose avoiders (SA) or sucralose preferrers (SP) based on their behavioral responses in 2-bottle preference, 1-bottle intake, and brief-access licking tests. The present study demonstrates that this robust phenotypic variation in the preference for sucralose predicts acceptance of ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjr126
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A healthy taste system is important to the maintenance of nutrition and overall quality of life, and taste disorders are associated with many inflammatory states. We previously determined the immune cells in normal human gustatory tissue; they are predominantly dendritic cells and CD4 T cells with a few macrophages an...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjq040
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vast number of detectable odors makes matching olfactory receptors (ORs) to their ligands a daunting task. Krautwurst and colleagues have hypothesized that this process can be simplified by focusing on those odorants that are perceptually relevant food odors. In this issue of Chemical Senses, they use this framewo...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjx002
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aiming to unravel interspecific differences in olfactory preferences, we performed comparative studies of odor valence in flies, mice, and humans. Our analysis suggests a model where flies and mice share similar olfactory preferences, but neither species share odor preferences with humans. This model contrasts with a ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjy074
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical signals are common in most crustacean social interactions and are often perceived via chemosensory (olfactory) organs on the first antenna. Intermolt courtship behaviors and mating were investigated in size-matched pairs of intermolt European lobsters (Homarus gammarus) where the olfactory receptors of either...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjn073
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of Ca(2+) in insect olfactory transduction was studied in the moth Spodoptera littoralis. Single sensillum recordings were made to investigate in vivo the role of sensillar Ca(2+) on the electrophysiological properties of sex pheromone responsive olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). Lowering the sensillar Ca(2+...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjl059
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Olfactory lamellae of teleosts contain two morphologically different types of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs): ciliated ORNs (cORNs) and microvillous ORNs (mORNs). However, little is known about the functional difference between these two types of ORNs in fish olfaction. We isolated cORNs and mORNs using a Ca(2+)-fr...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/26.9.1145
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00