Huntingtin-associated protein (HAP1): discrete neuronal localizations in the brain resemble those of neuronal nitric oxide synthase.

abstract：:Optical imaging of the functional architecture of cortex, based on intrinsic signals, is a useful tool for the study of the development, organization, and function of the living mammalian brain. This relatively noninvasive technique is based on small activity-dependent changes of the optical properties of cortex. Thus...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grinvald A,Frostig RD,Siegel RM,Bartfeld E

更新日期：1991-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ has been implicated in hepatic lipid accumulation. We found that the C3H mouse strain does not express PPARγ in the liver and, when subject to a high-fat diet, is resistant to hepatic steatosis, compared with C57BL/6 (B6) mice. Adenoviral PPARγ2 inje...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee YJ,Ko EH,Kim JE,Kim E,Lee H,Choi H,Yu JH,Kim HJ,Seong JK,Kim KS,Kim JW

更新日期：2012-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In autotrophically grown Chlorella cells, glucose induces a hexose transport system but, at the same time, the synthesis of two amino acid transport systems is also induced. Thus, the rates of uptake of glycine, L-alanine, L-proline, and L-serine, all of which compete with each other for entry into the cells, increase...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cho BH,Sauer N,Komor E,Tanner W

更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We analyzed gene expression patterns in human gastric cancers by using cDNA microarrays representing approximately equal 30,300 genes. Expression of PLA2G2A, a gene previously implicated as a modifier of the Apc(Min/+) (multiple intestinal neoplasia 1) mutant phenotype in the mouse, was significantly correlated with p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leung SY,Chen X,Chu KM,Yuen ST,Mathy J,Ji J,Chan AS,Li R,Law S,Troyanskaya OG,Tu IP,Wong J,So S,Botstein D,Brown PO

更新日期：2002-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Global change drivers (GCDs) are expected to alter community structure and consequently, the services that ecosystems provide. Yet, few experimental investigations have examined effects of GCDs on plant community structure across multiple ecosystem types, and those that do exist present conflicting patterns. In an unp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Komatsu KJ,Avolio ML,Lemoine NP,Isbell F,Grman E,Houseman GR,Koerner SE,Johnson DS,Wilcox KR,Alatalo JM,Anderson JP,Aerts R,Baer SG,Baldwin AH,Bates J,Beierkuhnlein C,Belote RT,Blair J,Bloor JMG,Bohlen PJ,Bork EW

更新日期：2019-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Scattering of light from dielectric particles whose size is on the order of an optical wavelength underlies a plethora of visual phenomena in nature and is a foundation for optical coatings and paints. Tailoring the internal nanoscale geometry of such "photonic particles" allows tuning their optical scattering charact...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tao G,Kaufman JJ,Shabahang S,Rezvani Naraghi R,Sukhov SV,Joannopoulos JD,Fink Y,Dogariu A,Abouraddy AF

更新日期：2016-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Examples from various plant and animal groups indicate that there has been a general increase in potential versatility of form, determined by the number and range of independently varying morphogenetic parameters, among taxa appearing at successively younger stages in the fossil record. Taxa or body plans with higher ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vermeij GJ

更新日期：1973-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The exopolysaccharide alginate is a major virulence factor in the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infecting the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Alginate synthesis by P. aeruginosa is believed to occur in response to environmental signals present in the CF lung. Transcription of a critical alginate bios...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roychoudhury S,Sakai K,Chakrabarty AM

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a mandible recovered in 2003 from the Aurora Stratum of the TD6 level of the Gran Dolina site (Sierra de Atapuerca, northern Spain). The specimen, catalogued as ATD6-96, adds to the hominin sample recovered from this site in 1994-1996, and assigned to Homo antecessor. ATD6-96 is the left half of a gracile m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carbonell E,Bermúdez de Castro JM,Arsuaga JL,Allue E,Bastir M,Benito A,Cáceres I,Canals T,Díez JC,van der Made J,Mosquera M,Ollé A,Pérez-González A,Rodríguez J,Rodríguez XP,Rosas A,Rosell J,Sala R,Vallverdú J,Vergés

更新日期：2005-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The dynamic responses of the hearing organ to acoustic overstimulation were investigated using the guinea pig isolated temporal bone preparation. The organ was loaded with the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator Fluo-3, and the cochlear electric responses to low-level tones were recorded through a microelectrode in the scala m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fridberger A,Flock A,Ulfendahl M,Flock B

更新日期：1998-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Near infrared diffuse optical spectroscopy and diffuse optical imaging are promising methods that eventually may enhance or replace existing technologies for breast cancer screening and diagnosis. These techniques are based on highly sensitive, quantitative measurements of optical and functional contrast between healt...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shah N,Cerussi A,Eker C,Espinoza J,Butler J,Fishkin J,Hornung R,Tromberg B

更新日期：2001-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The dominant theories of human placebo effects rely on a notion that consciously perceptible cues, such as verbal information or distinct stimuli in classical conditioning, provide signals that activate placebo effects. However, growing evidence suggest that behavior can be triggered by stimuli presented outside of co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jensen KB,Kaptchuk TJ,Kirsch I,Raicek J,Lindstrom KM,Berna C,Gollub RL,Ingvar M,Kong J

更新日期：2012-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat adrenal mitochondria accumulated cholesterol during ether stress in vivo when side-chain cleavage was inhibited by aminoglutethimide (control = 14.6 vs. aminoglutethimide = 26.5 micrograms of cholesterol per mg of protein). This accumulation was insensitive to simultaneous administration of cycloheximide (24.2 mic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Privalle CT,Crivello JF,Jefcoate CR

更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:New experiments using scanning probe microcopies and advanced optical methods allow us to study molecules as individuals, not just as populations. The findings of these studies not only include the confirmation of results expected from studies of bulk matter, but also give substantially new information concerning the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bai C,Wang C,Xie XS,Wolynes PG

更新日期：1999-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Prochlorococcus marinus CCMP 1375, a ubiquitous and ecologically important marine prochlorophyte, was bound to possess functional genes coding for the alpha and beta subunits of a phycobiliprotein. The latter is similar to phycoerythrins (PE) from marine Synechococcus cyanobacteria and bind a phycourobilin-like pigmen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hess WR,Partensky F,van der Staay GW,Garcia-Fernandez JM,Börner T,Vaulot D

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although x-ray crystallography is the most widely used method for macromolecular structure determination, it does not provide dynamical information, and either experimental tricks or complementary experiments must be used to overcome the inherently static nature of crystallographic structures. Here we used specific x-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Colletier JP,Bourgeois D,Sanson B,Fournier D,Sussman JL,Silman I,Weik M

更新日期：2008-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Novel cellular behaviors and characteristics can be obtained by coupling engineered gene networks to the cell's natural regulatory circuitry through appropriately designed input and output interfaces. Here, we demonstrate how an engineered genetic circuit can be used to construct cells that respond to biological signa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kobayashi H,Kaern M,Araki M,Chung K,Gardner TS,Cantor CR,Collins JJ

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type 1A diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder the risk of which is increased by specific HLA DR/DQ alleles [e.g., DRB1*03-DQB1*0201 (DR3) or DRB1*04-DQB1*0302 (DR4)]. The genotype associated with the highest risk for T1D is the DR3/4-DQ8 (DQ8 is DQA1*0301, DQB1*0302) heterozygous genotype. We determined HLA-DR and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aly TA,Ide A,Jahromi MM,Barker JM,Fernando MS,Babu SR,Yu L,Miao D,Erlich HA,Fain PR,Barriga KJ,Norris JM,Rewers MJ,Eisenbarth GS

更新日期：2006-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The emerging picture of Earth's deep interior from seismic tomography indicates more complexity than previously thought. The presence of lateral anisotropy and heterogeneity in Earth's mantle highlights the need for fully anisotropic elasticity data from mineral physics. A breakthrough in high-frequency (gigahertz) ul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jacobsen SD,Spetzler H,Reichmann HJ,Smyth JR

更新日期：2004-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Corazonin is a highly conserved neuropeptide hormone of wide-spread occurrence in insects yet is associated with no universally recognized function. After discovery of the corazonin receptor in Drosophila, we identified its ortholog in the moth, Manduca sexta, as a prelude to physiological studies. The corazonin recep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim YJ,Spalovská-Valachová I,Cho KH,Zitnanova I,Park Y,Adams ME,Zitnan D

更新日期：2004-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Disulfide bond formation is catalyzed in the periplasm of Escherichia coli. This process involves at least two proteins: DsbA and DsbB. Recent evidence suggests that DsbA, a soluble periplasmic protein directly catalyzes disulfide bond formation in proteins, whereas DsbB, an inner membrane protein, is involved in the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guilhot C,Jander G,Martin NL,Beckwith J

更新日期：1995-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Myosin X (MyoX), encoded by Myo10, is a representative member of the MyTH4-FERM domain-containing myosins, and this family of unconventional myosins shares common functions in promoting formation of filopodia/stereocilia structures in many cell types with unknown mechanisms. Here, we present the structure of the MyoX ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wei Z,Yan J,Lu Q,Pan L,Zhang M

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The yeast fatty acid synthase (M(r) = 2.5 x 10(6)) is organized in an alpha 6 beta 6 complex. In these studies, the synthase structure has been examined by negative-stain and cryo-electron microscopy. Side and end views of the structure indicate that the molecule, shaped similar to a prolate ellipsoid, has a high-dens...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stoops JK,Kolodziej SJ,Schroeter JP,Bretaudiere JP,Wakil SJ

更新日期：1992-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The brain vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2) pumps monoamine neurotransmitters and Parkinsonism-inducing dopamine neurotoxins such as 1-methyl-4-phenyl-phenypyridinium (MPP+) from neuronal cytoplasm into synaptic vesicles, from which amphetamines cause their release. Amphetamines and MPP+ each also act at nonvesi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Takahashi N,Miner LL,Sora I,Ujike H,Revay RS,Kostic V,Jackson-Lewis V,Przedborski S,Uhl GR

更新日期：1997-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the pathogenesis that may be induced by human adenovirus type 12 (Ad12), we have generated transgenic mice carrying the Ad12 early region 1 under control of the mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat. Eleven of 11 male founder mice, but only 2 of 12 females, died between 3 to 4 mo of age. Death w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Koike K,Hinrichs SH,Isselbacher KJ,Jay G

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:cDNA coding for protein C has been cloned from a bovine liver library in plasmid vector pBR322 and its sequence has been determined. Two overlapping clones code for the entire light and heavy chains of the mature protein, as well as a previously unreported connecting dipeptide (Lys-Arg) and a 39-amino acid leader pept...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Long GL,Belagaje RM,MacGillivray RT

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term depression (LTD) is held relevant to memory and learning. Its induction is known to require postsynaptic calcium increases. However, the source of these calcium increases remains unclear. In visual cortex slices, LTD was induced by tetanization after blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA ionot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kato N

更新日期：1993-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have recently shown that p-terphenyl-3,5,3',5'-tetracarboxylic acid adsorbed on graphite self-assembles into a two-dimensional rhombus random tiling. This tiling is close to ideal, displaying long-range correlations punctuated by sparse localized tiling defects. In this article we explore the analogy between dynami...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Garrahan JP,Stannard A,Blunt MO,Beton PH

更新日期：2009-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The thymidine analog fialuridine deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodouracil (FIAU) was toxic in trials for chronic hepatitis B infection. One mechanism postulated that defective mtDNA replication was mediated through inhibition of DNA polymerase-gamma (DNA pol-gamma), by FIAU triphosphate (FIALTP) or by trip...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lewis W,Levine ES,Griniuviene B,Tankersley KO,Colacino JM,Sommadossi JP,Watanabe KA,Perrino FW

更新日期：1996-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major glycolipid that is present in the outer membranes (OMs) of most Gram-negative bacteria. LPS molecules are assembled with divalent metal cations in the outer leaflet of the OM to form an impervious layer that prevents toxic compounds from entering the cell. For most Gram-negative b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chng SS,Ruiz N,Chimalakonda G,Silhavy TJ,Kahne D

更新日期：2010-03-23 00:00:00