Abstract:
:Biological processes often require that a single gene product participate in multiple types of molecular interactions. Viruses with quasiequivalent capsids provide an excellent paradigm for studying such phenomena because identical protein subunits are found in different structural environments. Differences in subunit joints may be controlled by protein segments, duplex or single-stranded RNA, metal ions, or some combination of these. Each of the virus groups examined display a distinctive mechanism for switching interface interactions, illustrating the magnitude of options that are likely to be found in other biological systems. In addition to determining capsid morphology, assembly controls the timing of autocatalytic maturation cleavage of the viral subunits that is required for infectivity in picorna-, noda-, and tetraviruses. The mechanism of assembly-dependent cleavage is conserved in noda- and tetraviruses, although the quaternary structures of the capsids are different as are the molecular switches that control subunit interfaces. The function of the cleavage in picorna-, noda-, and tetraviruses is probably to release polypeptides that participate in membrane translocation of RNA.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Johnson JEdoi
10.1073/pnas.93.1.27subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-01-09 00:00:00pages
27-33issue
1eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
93pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Mitochondrial dysfunctions cause numerous human disorders. A platform technology based on biodegradable polymers for carrying bioactive molecules to the mitochondrial matrix could be of enormous potential benefit in treating mitochondrial diseases. Here we report a rationally designed mitochondria-targeted polymeric n...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1210096109
更新日期:2012-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) -associated myelopathy/tropic spastic paraparesis is a demyelinating inflammatory neurologic disease associated with HTLV-1 infection. HTLV-1 Tax11-19-specific cytotoxic T cells have been isolated from HLA-A2-positive patients. We have used a peptide-loaded soluble HLA-A2-Ig ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.13.7568
更新日期:1998-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of bacteria in the natural environment live within the confines of a biofilm. The Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis forms biofilms that exhibit a characteristic wrinkled morphology and a highly hydrophobic surface. A critical component in generating these properties is the protein BslA, which form...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1419016112
更新日期:2015-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor (CNTF) was first characterized as a trophic factor for motor neurons in the ciliary ganglion and spinal cord, leading to its evaluation in humans suffering from motor neuron disease. In these trials, CNTF caused unexpected and substantial weight loss, raising concerns that it might produce ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.061034298
更新日期:2001-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Oxygen free radicals are highly reactive species generated by many cellular oxidation-reduction processes. These radicals damage cellular constituents and have been causally implicated in the pathogenesis of many human diseases. We report here that oxygen free radicals generated by Fe2+ in aqueous solution are mutagen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.11.3918
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription termination is a critical step in the control of gene expression. One of the major termination mechanisms is mediated by Rho factor that dissociates the complex mRNA-DNA-RNA polymerase upon binding with RNA polymerase. Rho promotes termination at the end of operons, but it can also terminate transcriptio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1811589116
更新日期:2019-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge of vibratory patterns in the cochlea is crucial to understanding the stimulation of mechanosensory cells. Experiments to determine the motion of the cochlear partition and surrounding fluid are extremely challenging. As a result, the motion data are incomplete and often contradictory. The bending mechanism o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0401395101
更新日期:2004-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::Female mosquitoes feed sequentially on carbohydrates (nectar) and proteins (blood) during each gonadotrophic cycle to become reproductively competent and effective disease vectors. Accordingly, metabolism is synchronized to support this reproductive cyclicity. However, regulatory pathways linking metabolism to reprodu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2023470118
更新日期:2021-02-09 00:00:00
abstract::Some aspects of pattern formation in developing embryos can be described by nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations. An important class of these models accounts for diffusion and degradation of a locally produced single chemical species. At long times, solutions of such models approach a steady state in which the conce...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1019245108
更新日期:2011-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to guiding proteins to defined genomic loci, DNA can act as an allosteric ligand that influences protein structure and activity. Here we compared genome-wide binding, transcriptional regulation, and, using NMR, the conformation of two glucocorticoid receptor (GR) isoforms that differ by a single amino acid...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1316235110
更新日期:2013-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::The structure of activated pig heart aconitase [citrate(isocitrate) hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.3] containing a [4Fe-4S] cluster has been refined at 2.5-A resolution to a crystallographic residual of 18.2%. Comparison of this structure to the recently determined 2.1-A resolution structure of the inactive enzyme containing a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.10.3639
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Epac1 and Epac2) have been recently recognized as key players in β-adrenergic-dependent cardiac arrhythmias. Whereas Epac1 overexpression can lead to cardiac hypertrophy and Epac2 activation can be arrhythmogenic, it is unknown whether distinct subcellular distribution of ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1416163112
更新日期:2015-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::The use of molecular methods is altering our understanding of the microbial biosphere and the complexity of the tree of life. Here, we report a newly discovered uncultured plastid-bearing eukaryotic lineage named the rappemonads. Phylogenies using near-complete plastid ribosomal DNA (rDNA) operons demonstrate that thi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1013337108
更新日期:2011-01-25 00:00:00
abstract::An mRNA fraction coding for hexon polypeptide, the major virion structural protein, was purified by gel electrophoresis from extracts of adenovirus 2-infected cells late in the lytic cycle. The mRNA sequences in this fraction were mapped between 51.7 and 61.3 units on the genome by visualizing RNA-DNA hybrids in the e...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.8.3171
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two types of progenitor cells of the human granulocytic and monocytic lineages (CFU-GM) can be distinguished by using mouse monoclonal antibodies against human hemopoietic cells. Type 1 CFU-GM contribute all of the peripheral blood CFU-GM as well as a small fraction of bone marrow CFU-GM and express surface antigens r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.13.4114
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients undergoing treatment at a community-based renal dialysis clinic were monitored monthly for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs). Of 160 patients who began treatment HBsAg(-)/anti-HBs(-), 77 subsequently became HBsAg(+). Once HBsAg(+), males were more likely to remain HBsAg(+) i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.6.2561
更新日期:1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In polyandrous species, fathers benefit from attracting greater maternal investment toward their offspring at the expense of the offspring of other males, while mothers should usually allocate resources equally among offspring. This conflict can lead to an evolutionary arms race between the sexes, manifested through a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1810979115
更新日期:2018-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::Two differentiation antigens of spermatogenesis in the mouse are defined by monoclonal antibodies from hybridomas produced between the myeloma P3-X63Ag8 and spleen lymphocytes immunized with syngeneic testis cells. These antigens are on testis cells, and not liver, kidney, brain, spleen, or whole ovary. They are speci...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.1.363
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism of preferential transmission (i.e., maternal inheritance) of cytoplasmic genes was investigated with chloroplast DNA of Chlamydomonas as a model system. The behavior of nuclear and chloroplast DNAs were compared in the sexual cycle; DNAs from male and female parents were distinguished by labeling with (1...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.9.2410
更新日期:1972-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spectra of the alpha, beta, and gamma forms of zinc monoarsanilazotyrosine-248 carboxypeptidase A are indistinguishable. At pH 8.2 their crystals are yellow, while their solutions are red, lambda(max) 510 nm. Absorption and circular dichroism-pH titrations of the modified zinc and apoenzymes demonstrate that the a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.7.2006
更新日期:1973-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the use of engineered ribozymes to shuffle exon cassettes in vitro. Specifically, we have designed derivatives of a group II intron that insert into selected sites in the human tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) mRNA. The insertion reaction links t-PA sequences to the group II intron sequences so that trans...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.15.7486
更新日期:1996-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::Insect molting and metamorphosis are induced by steroid hormones named ecdysteroids, whose production is regulated by various neuropeptides. We cloned the gene and analyzed the expression of the prothoracicostatic peptide, a unique neuropeptide shown to suppress the production of ecdysteroids in the prothoracic gland ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0907471107
更新日期:2010-02-02 00:00:00
abstract::Cysteine site-directed mutagenesis was used to create variants of Escherichia coli ribosomal protein L7/L12 that have single cysteine substitutions, at residues 63 or 89, located in different exposed loops in the structure of the globular C-terminal domain indicated by the crystallographic structure. That structure sh...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.21.9828
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular bacterial pathogens evade the bactericidal functions of mammalian cells by physical escape from their phagosome and replication into the cytoplasm or through the modulation of phagosome maturation and biogenesis of a membrane-bound replicative organelle. Here, we detail in murine primary macrophages the ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0601838103
更新日期:2006-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::Notch (N) is a transmembrane receptor that mediates cell-cell interactions to determine many cell-fate decisions. N contains EGF-like repeats, many of which have an O-fucose glycan modification that regulates N-ligand binding. This modification requires GDP-L-fucose as a donor of fucose. The GDP-L-fucose biosynthetic ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1202369109
更新日期:2012-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::The with-no-lysine (K) (WNK) kinases are an atypical family of protein kinases that regulate ion transport across cell membranes. Mutations that result in their overexpression cause hypertension-related disorders in humans. Of the four mammalian WNKs, only WNK1 is expressed throughout the body. We report that WNK1 inh...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1617649113
更新日期:2016-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::We have used DNase I as a probe to examine the chromatin structure of mouse immunoglobulin kappa light chain genes in rearranged and unrearranged chromosomes--i.e., in nuclei from myeloma cells and from brain and liver cells. Tissue-specific DNase I-hypersensitive sites are observed 0.7 and 1.7 kilobases upstream from...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.9.2427
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During development, organisms acquire three-dimensional (3D) shapes with important physiological consequences. While basic mechanisms underlying morphogenesis are known in eukaryotes, it is often difficult to manipulate them in vivo. To circumvent this issue, here we present a study of developing Vibrio cholerae biofi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1919607117
更新日期:2020-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::A solid-phase immunoadsorbent capable of binding mouse interferon has been prepared. Starting from crude tissue-culture material, interferon could be purified 1990 times in a single step of affinity chromatography. Overall recovery ranged from 55 to 103% with tissue culture and mouse-brain interferon; however, only 5%...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.4.1037
更新日期:1973-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to tRNA and 5S RNA, Escherichia coli contains several other small, stable RNA species; these are M1, 10Sa, 6S, and 4.5S RNA. Although these RNAs are initially synthesized as precursor molecules, relatively little is known about their maturation. The data presented here show that 3' exoribonucleolytic trimm...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.6.2856
更新日期:1998-03-17 00:00:00