Abstract：
:1. N-hydroxylation is thought to be an essential step in the haemotoxicity of dapsone (DDS). To investigate both metabolism-dependent and cell-selective drug toxicity in vitro we have developed a three-compartment system in which an hepatic drug metabolizing system is contained within a central compartment separated by semipermeable membranes from compartments containing mononuclear leucocytes (MNL) and red blood cells (RBC). 2. Metabolism of dapsone (100 microM) by rat liver microsomes resulted in toxicity to RBC cells (47.3 +/- 2.1% methaemoglobin), but there was no significant toxicity toward MNL (3.7 +/- 1.3% cell death) compared with control values (1.6 +/- 0.9%). However, when RBC were replaced with buffer in the third compartment there was significantly greater (P < 0.001) white cell toxicity (17.6 +/- 0.6% cell death), demonstrating the protection of MNL by RBC. Metabolism of dapsone by human liver microsomes again resulted in RBC toxicity (12.5 +/- 3.3% methaemoglobin) but no significant MNL toxicity (2.9 +/- 0.8% cell death). Replacement of RBC resulted in a significant (P < 0.001) increase in MNL toxicity (6.5 +/- 0.7% cell death). Addition of synthetic dapsone hydroxylamine (30 microM) in the absence of a metabolizing system and with no RBC in the third compartment resulted in significant (P < 0.001) toxicity toward MNL (43.36 +/- 5.82% cell death) compared with control (1.8 +/- 1.1%). The presence of RBC in the third compartment resulted in a significant (P < 0.001) decrease in MNL toxicity (17.6 +/- 2.2% cell death), with 40.1 +/- 3.7% methaemoglobin in the RBC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Br J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Tingle MD,Park BKdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2125.1993.tb05888.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-07-01 00:00:00pages
31-8issue
1eissn
0306-5251issn
1365-2125journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:1. The new intravenous bisphosphonate drug aminohydroxypropylidine bisphosphonate (APD) is effective in treating the hypercalcaemia of malignant disease, but the optimum dose regimen is not yet established. We have treated twenty-seven patients with malignant hypercalcaemia (corrected calcium greater than 3.00 mmol l-...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb05426.x
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Dose response relationships for salbutamol and a new bronchodilator drug NAB 365 have been obtained in patients with reversible airways obstruction. These show that the latter is about one hundred times more potent than the former. 2. NAB 365 has a very long half-life. The implications of this are discussed. ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1977.tb00669.x
更新日期：1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical efficacy, the bronchodilating effect and the side effects of two oral forms of terbutaline were compared in a double-blind, cross-over study involving ten patients with chronic reversible airways obstruction. The administration of plain-tablets, containing 2.5 mg terbutaline sulphate, three times daily at...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1986.tb05178.x
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vertigo is associated with a wide range of vestibular pathologies. It increasingly affects the elderly, with a high cost to society. Solutions include vestibular suppressants and vestibular rehabilitation, which form the mainstay of therapy. Antihistamines represent the largest class of agents used to combat vestibula...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bcp.14046
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early clinical features of lead toxicity are non-specific and an occupational history is particularly valuable. Lead in the body comprises 2% in the blood (t1/2 35 days) and 95% in bone and dentine (t1/2 20-30 years). Blood lead may remain elevated for years after cessation from long exposure, due to redistribution fr...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.2002.01580.x
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To compare the onset and duration of action of the new antihistamine levocetirizine with that of the second-generation antihistamine fexofenadine using the Vienna Challenge Chamber (VCC). The latter is an environment where subjects can be exposed to specific aeroallergens in controlled and reproducible conditions ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02377.x
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To evaluate if rivaroxaban, an oral factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor, could modify the expression in vitro of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in abdominal aortic aneurysmal (AAA) sites showing intraluminal thrombus. METHODS:AAA sites with intraluminal mural thrombus were obtained from six patients undergoin...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.13383
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We define a me-too drug as a pharmacologically active compound that is structurally related to a first-in-class compound, regarded as belonging to the same therapeutic class as the original compound, and used for the same therapeutic purposes, but which may differ in some respects, such as specificity of pharmacologic...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bcp.14327
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01218.x
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In order to assess the prevalence of concurrent use of more than one major psychotropic drug (polypsychopharmacy) in out-patients, a prescription database study was conducted in the Odense area for a period of 2 years. 2. During the index period 5.12% of the inhabitants purchased major psychotropic drugs. Of these,...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1994.tb04300.x
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To develop a population pharmacokinetic model for lopinavir in combination with ritonavir, in which the interaction between both drugs was characterized, and in which relationships between patient characteristics and pharmacokinetics were identified. METHODS:The pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with r...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02455.x
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the ACE-inhibitor lisinopril and the angiotensin II receptor antagonist losartan on insulin sensitivity in the treatment of non diabetic hypertensives. METHODS:Twenty-five non diabetic subjects with mild to moderate hypertension, 11 females and 14 males, aged 44...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00811.x
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twelve healthy volunteers were given orally placebo, itraconazole 100 mg or terbinafine 250 mg for 4 days. Midazolam 7.5 mg was ingested on the fourth day, after which plasma samples were collected and psychomotor performance tests carried out for 17 h. Itraconazole increased the area under the midazolam concentration...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT:Performance-enhancing dietary supplements have not been clinically tested for safety or efficacy. In clinical trials performed under resting conditions, performance-enhancing supplements raise blood pressure and affect glucose homeostasis. The effect of exercise on the pharmacok...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03144.x
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To develop and evaluate a feasible, authentic pharmacist-led prescribing feedback intervention for doctors-in-training, to reduce prescribing errors. METHODS:This was a mixed methods study. Sixteen postgraduate doctors-in training, rotating though the surgical assessment unit of 1 UK hospital, were filmed taking ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.14065
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03440.x
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04169.x
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb01362.x
更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Whereas cortical EEG effects of benzodiazepines are well characterized, information about benzodiazepine effects in other areas of the central nervous system is sparse. This study investigated the action of midazolam and its active metabolite alpha-hydroxy-midazolam on different parts of the auditory pathway in si...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.2000.00104.x
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb02028.x
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both empirical epidemiological data on the causes of traffic accidents and conceptual models of skilled human performance stress the central role of perception and cognition. This paper examines the effects of drugs on two major components of cognitive perceptual performance, namely, concentrated attention or vigilanc...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02582.x
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The pharmacokinetics and tolerability of a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), meloxicam, administered i.m., were investigated in two studies conducted in healthy male volunteers. Study 1 was an open, placebo-controlled design in which 32 volunteers were randomized to a single ascending i.m. dose of me...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1996.tb00171.x
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.12444
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb01886.x
更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04002.x
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03596.x
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of salmeterol hydroxynaphthoate (50 micrograms, 8.3 x 10(-8) M) and salbutamol (200 micrograms, 3.5 x 10(-7) M) on sGaw were compared in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised study in 10 normal subjects. 2. SGaw increased by 29% (14-43) (mean (CI)), 5 min after salmeterol and by 35% (19-51) at ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb04015.x
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Little is known about the effects of comorbidities and patient characteristics on treatment initiation of lipid-lowering drugs (LLDs), which can be helpful in the evaluation of the risks and benefits of LLDs. METHODS:Baseline characteristics among subjects who received their first ever-recorded LLD prescription i...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01724.x
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The effect of an intravenous bolus of labetalol (0.6--1.6 mg/kg body weight) on central and peripheral haemodynamics was studied in nine subjects with essential hypertension and in eleven subjects with chronic renal disease and hypertension. 2 The BP reduction amounting to 20/13 mmHg was entirely due to the lowering...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:Canagliflozin is an SGLT2 inhibitor approved for the treatment of type-2 diabetes. A dynamic population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model relating 24-h canagliflozin exposure profiles to effects on glycosylated haemoglobin was developed to compare the efficacy of once-daily and twice-daily dosing. METH...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/bcp.13180
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
