Abstract:
:Early clinical features of lead toxicity are non-specific and an occupational history is particularly valuable. Lead in the body comprises 2% in the blood (t1/2 35 days) and 95% in bone and dentine (t1/2 20-30 years). Blood lead may remain elevated for years after cessation from long exposure, due to redistribution from bone. Blood lead concentration is the most widely used marker for inorganic lead exposure. Zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) concentration in blood usefully reflects lead exposure over the prior 3 months. Symptomatic patients with blood lead concentration >2.4 micromol l-1 (50 microg dl-1) or in any event >3.8 micromol l-1 (80 microg dl-1) should receive sodium calciumedetate i.v., followed by succimer by mouth for 19 days. Asymptomatic patients with blood lead concentration >2.4 micromol l-1 (50 microg dl-1) may be treated with succimer alone. Sodium calciumedetate should be given with dimercaprol to treat lead encephalopathy.
journal_name
Br J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Gordon JN,Taylor A,Bennett PNdoi
10.1046/j.1365-2125.2002.01580.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-05-01 00:00:00pages
451-8issue
5eissn
0306-5251issn
1365-2125pii
1580journal_volume
53pub_type
杂志文章abstract:AIMS:The efficacy of activated charcoal alone, and gastric lavage followed by charcoal in reducing the absorption of diazepam, ibuprofen and citalopram was studied in healthy volunteers. METHODS:In a randomized cross-over study with three phases, nine healthy volunteers were administered single oral doses of 5 mg diaz...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00995.x
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Antidepressant use has increased in the last decade. Several studies have suggested a possible association between maternal antidepressant use and teratogenic effects. METHODS:The pharmacy prescription database IADB.nl was used for a cohort study in which laxative and antidiarrhoeal medication use in children aft...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04081.x
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three calcium antagonists, diltiazem, flunarizine and verapamil stimulated human sperm motility in vitro. Among them, diltiazem induced the largest amplitude of motility increase. The concentration-response curve of diltiazem was similar in shape to those of calcium chelators. EGTA, a calcium chelator, potentiated the...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1985.tb02611.x
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To examine comprehensively the relationship between exposure to four classes of psychotropic drugs including antipsychotics, antidepressants, benzodiazepines (BZDs) and Z-drugs, and motor vehicle accidents (MVAs). METHOD:The authors conducted a matched case-control study of 5183 subjects with MVAs and 31 093 match...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04410.x
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renal clearance of lithium has been used as a marker of proximal tubular function in man. Recently, lithium pre-treatment has been shown to interfere with the natriuretic actions of some natriuretic agents in man. We have therefore investigated the effects of oral lithium carbonate (500 mg) on the natriuretic response...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1991.tb05598.x
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Widespread use of cocaine and its attendant toxicity has produced a wealth of benchwork studies and small animal investigations that evaluated the effects of cocaine on the cardiovascular system. Despite this wealth of knowledge, very little is known about the frequency or types of arrhythmias in patients with signifi...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03632.x
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of calcitonin gene-related peptide (receptor) (CGRP-(R)) blocking therapeutics in the treatment of acute migraine headache provided proof-of-concept for the involvement of CGRP in the pathophysiology of this disorder. One of the major hurdles for the development of any class of drugs, including CGRP block...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/bcp.12704
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To develop and evaluate a feasible, authentic pharmacist-led prescribing feedback intervention for doctors-in-training, to reduce prescribing errors. METHODS:This was a mixed methods study. Sixteen postgraduate doctors-in training, rotating though the surgical assessment unit of 1 UK hospital, were filmed taking ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.14065
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To demonstrate the bioequivalence of macitentan/tadalafil fixed-dose combination (FDC) tablets with single-component tablets of macitentan and tadalafil in healthy subjects. METHODS:Studies AC-077-101 and AC-077-103 were single-centre, open-label, single-dose, 2-period, randomized, crossover Phase 1 studies condu...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.14347
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The aim of this study was to investigate the dose-related effects of ibuprofen (placebo, 400 and 800 mg rac-ibuprofen [Aktren], administered orally) on experimentally-induced tonic and phasic pain. 2. Eighteen volunteers participated in this randomized, double-blind, three-fold cross-over study. Measurements were o...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1994.tb05712.x
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Confusion between the criteria for defining and diagnosing hypertension may have misled the search for the causes of hypertension. 2. The systematic approach of molecular genetics appears to offer the best chance of explaining hypertension, but the attractions are partly offset by the large numbers required, and un...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.03785.x
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 The effects of oxprenolol 80 mg and propranolol 80 mg on resting forearm blood flow (RFBF) and skin temperature were compared in seven normotensive subjects, for 4 h after an oral dose. 2 There was a significant fall of RFBF after propranolol (mean +/- s.e. mean 0.74 +/- 0.24 ml 100 g-1 min-1) compared to a smaller ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01154.x
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To investigate impacts of withdrawal and regulatory advice regarding cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors on UK population rates of gastrointestinal haemorrhage and acute myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS:Ecological time series study of prescribing, mortality and hospital admission trends in people aged > or = 5...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03500.x
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The role of CYP pharmacogenetics in the bioactivation of cyclophosphamide is still controversial. Recent clinical studies have suggested a role for either CYP2C19 or CYP2B6. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of these pharmacogenes. METHODS:We used a combined in vitro-in vivo approach to determine the ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03789.x
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Inflammation reduces hepatic clearance of many drugs with unknown therapeutic consequences. This study was carried out to examine the effect of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of verapamil. METHODS:Eight RA patients were age- and sex-matched with eight healthy volunteers. Th...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2000.00314.x
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:There are no specific criteria for a step-down or withdrawal dose of omalizumab (OMA). Our purpose was to evaluate the viability of a protocol for OMAlizumab DOse REduction (the OMADORE study) in severe allergic asthma (SAA). METHODS:The study population included 35 SAA patients treated during a minimum period of...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.13453
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To study reporting of hypoglycaemia in angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) users, and to investigate the possibility of confounding. METHODS:The French pharmacovigilance database was examined for an association between hypoglycaemia and ARBs or other drugs using reports notified between 1996 and 2005. This associa...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03176.x
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of piretanide, a new loop diuretic, were studied in four patients with GFR 4.7-14.8 ml/min. An oral dose of piretanide 18 mg was given at 08.00 h in two patients and at 08.00 h and 14.00 h in two. Blood samples were drawn after 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 24 h. Serum concentrations of pireta...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb01509.x
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Flavonoids may affect platelet function by several mechanisms, including antagonism of TxA(2) receptors (TP). These TP are present in many tissues and modulate different signalling cascades. We explored whether flavonoids affect platelet TP signalling, and if they bind to TP expressed in other cell types. METHODS...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.02881.x
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:There are insufficient direct comparative studies addressing the impact of the type of statin on their respective efficacy in heart failure (HF). The aim of the current study was to compare the effects of lipophilic (atorvastatin) vs hydrophilic (rosuvastatin) on left ventricular function, inflammatory and fibrosi...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.14695
更新日期:2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of two single oral doses of ibopamine (150 and 600 mg) on heart rate, blood pressure, urine flow, sodium, potassium and creatinine excretion were studied in normal volunteers. No significant change was observed in urine flow, sodium, potassium or creatinine excretion at either dose. No significant change w...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02402.x
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six human volunteers were each given single oral doses of aspirin (ASA) ranging from 300-1,500 mg. The unchanged ASA excreted in the urine was proportional to dose and urinary pH. The mean percent (+/- s.d.) of dose excreted was 1.9 +/- 0.67. The clearance for ASA was 1.42 +/- 0.28 1/h. The rate of in vitro hydrolysis...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb02030.x
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The study was performed to determine the sensitivity and short-term and day-to-day variability of a novel technique based on laser interferometry of ocular fundus pulsations and of non-invasive methods for the quantification of haemodynamic drug effects. An additional aim was to assess sex differences in haemodynam...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1995.tb04462.x
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Several studies have reported the under-representation of women in clinical trials, thereby challenging the external validity of the benefit/risk assessments of launched drugs. Our aim was to determine the extent to which women have been included in clinical trials used for drug registration and to analyse the fra...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.13497
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Canagliflozin is an SGLT2 inhibitor approved for the treatment of type-2 diabetes. A dynamic population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model relating 24-h canagliflozin exposure profiles to effects on glycosylated haemoglobin was developed to compare the efficacy of once-daily and twice-daily dosing. METH...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/bcp.13180
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of home-medicated non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) analgesics, using an electronic patient diary. Single doses of ketoprofen 25 mg and ketoprofen 50 mg were compared with ibuprofen 200 mg and placebo in the treatment of a single occasion of episodic...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.43613.x
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Breakthrough bleeding or even unwanted pregnancies have been reported in women during concomitant therapy with oral contraceptives and St John's wort extract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of St John's wort extract on oral contraceptive therapy with respect to ovarian activity, breakt...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.02005.x
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Elevated serum creatinine (sCr) and low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are associated with poor outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) whereas sildenafil treatment improves PAH outcomes. This post hoc analysis assessed the effect of sildenafil on kidney function and links with ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/bcp.12616
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the cardioselectivity of xamoterol, eight asthmatic patients took part in a randomised, double-blind, cross-over study, in which xamoterol or saline were infused, followed by four increasing doses of terbutaline i.v. Circulatory studies showed a significant increase of systolic blood pressure after xamoterol ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02510.x
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Ten healthy subjects received two treatments: a single 1 g oral dose of nalidixic acid (NA) followed 1 h later by either an infinitesimal dilution of the drug (NA 7CH) or by succussed water which served as placebo. The study was repeated 18 months later in 10 different subjects. 2. A further 10 healthy subjects rec...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1991.tb05610.x
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00