Abstract:
:1 A 'low-dose' combined oral contraceptive steroid (OCS) preparation containing 30 microgram ethinylo-estradiol and 150 microgram levonorgestrel was found to reduce significantly antipyrine clearance in a group of women acting as their own controls. 2 An OCS preparation containing only a progestogen (75 microgram norgestrel) did not reduce antipyrine clearance in a second group of women. 3 The evidence suggesting that the oestrogen component of combined OCS preparations could be responsible for the reduction in antipyrine clearance is discussed. :This study investigates the ability of a single preparation of either the low-dose combined or progestogen-only type of oral contraceptives (OCs) to alter antipyrine elimination in 2 groups of women. 6 patients aged 22-28 were given a low-dose combined OC preparation containing 30 mcg ethinyl estradiol and 150 mcg levonorgestrel; 12 patients aged 18-41 were given a preparation containing only a progestogen, 75 mcg norgestrel. Antipyrine elimination kinetics was setermined during the menstrual cycle, and at 11 weeks for the 1st group, and at between 11-14 weeks for the 2nd group, in saliva samples. There was a significant reduction of 29% in antipyrine clearance in the 1st group, and no significant change in antipyrine elimination in the 2nd group. These results are in agreement with previous published results; it is possible that the estrogen component of combined OC preparations could be responsible for the reduction in antipyrine clearance. If it is confirmed that progestogen-only OCs are without effect on antipyrine elimination, then it does imply that the concern that the elimination of any drug which is metabolized by liver microsomal enzymes will be impaired when the drug is administered with an OC is not applicable to progestogen-only preparations.
journal_name
Br J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Chambers DM,Jefferson GC,Chambers M,Loudon NBdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb01362.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-02-01 00:00:00pages
229-32issue
2eissn
0306-5251issn
1365-2125journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract::WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT * Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is the enzyme responsible for the elimination of approximately 80% of the administered dose of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). * Mutations in the DPD-coding gene have been shown to increase the risk of severe toxicity in 5-FU treated patients. * T...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03683.x
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 In a preliminary double-blind trial the effects of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine on the blood pressure and heart rate of resting healthy volunteers were compared. Ephedrine 60 or 90 mg were required to raise the diastolic blood pressure above 90 mmHg, whereas 210 or 240 mg pseudoephedrine were required to produce th...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1978.tb04588.x
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Darunavir is an efficacious drug; however, pharmacokinetic variability has been reported. The objective of this study was to find predisposing factors for low darunavir plasma concentrations in patients starting the once- or twice-daily dosage. Darunavir plasma concentrations from January 2010 till December 2014 of hu...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.13464
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Residual effects of brotizolam (0.25 mg) and flurazepam (30 mg) were studied in healthy young adults. Performance and subjective assessments were observed from 7 to 8 h after overnight ingestion, and effects were compared with that of placebo. Visuo-motor coordination, visuo-mental processing time, visuo-motor reactio...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02309.x
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. alpha-Bromoisovalerylurea (BIU) is a racemic drug that is metabolized by glutathione conjugation. The urinary excretion of the separate diastereomeric mercapturates formed from (S)- and (R)-BIU in healthy young human volunteers was investigated. 2. A pronounced stereoselectivity was observed: the mercapturate forme...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb05407.x
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To determine whether topical ocular chloramphenicol increases the risk of aplastic anaemia and to estimate the magnitude of this risk, if any. METHODS:Population-based prospective case-control surveillance of aplastic anaemia in a community of 4.2 million inhabitants from 1980 to 1995 (67.2 million person-years) ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00773.x
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Data from a comprehensive drug surveillance programme are analysed to provide details of procainamide use and toxicity in medical wards of teaching hospitals in five countries. 2 Out of a total of 488 recipients 9.2% had one or more adverse effect attributed to the drug; common effects being arrhythmias, gastro-inte...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1977.tb00777.x
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cost-containment measures in healthcare provision include the implementation of therapeutic and generic drug substitution strategies in patients whose condition is already well controlled with pharmacotherapy. Treatment for hypertension is frequently targeted for such measures. However, drug acquisition costs are only...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03681.x
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To assess the effect of Schisandra sphenanthera extract (SchE) on the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in healthy volunteers. METHODS:Twelve healthy male volunteers were orally treated with SchE, three capsules twice daily for 13 days. Pharmacokinetic investigations of oral tacrolimus administration at 2 mg were per...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.02922.x
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:ADVERSE EVENT:A drug interaction leading to higher exposure to cyclosporine. DRUGS IMPLICATED:Cyclosporine and ticagrelor. THE PATIENT:A 49-year-old man with a stable renal graft, managed with cyclosporine with stable trough blood concentrations for several years, was treated with ticagrelor for unstable angina pecto...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.13433
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulating drugs does not end when market access has been granted. Monitoring drugs over the life cycle has become state of the art, inherent to evolving legislation and societal need. Here, we explore how the drug label could move along in a changing playing-field and become a sustainable label for the future. A dial...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.14070
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aim of the present study was to determine how the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam are affected by kidney dysfunction and consequently to define the appropriate dose for the use of meloxicam in patients with mild or moderate renal impairment. METHODS:Meloxicam was administered to subjects with mild (creatinine c...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1997.tb00030.x
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Medication errors are common in general practice and in hospitals. Both errors in the act of writing (prescription errors) and prescribing faults due to erroneous medical decisions can result in harm to patients. 2. Any step in the prescribing process can generate errors. Slips, lapses, or mistakes are sources of e...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03425.x
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory science underpins the objective evaluation of medicinal products. It is therefore imperative that regulatory science and expertise remain at the cutting edge so that innovations of ever-increasing complexity are translated safely and swiftly into effective, high-quality therapies. We undertook a comprehensi...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.14099
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Data regarding the cardiac toxicity of cabozantinib lacks. The aim of our study was to assess the risk of cabozantinib-related cardiotoxicity in mRCC patients. METHODS:We performed a multicentre prospective study on mRCC patients treated with cabozantinib between October 2016 and November 2017. Transthoracic echo...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/bcp.13895
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current U.K. trial protocol (UKALL XI) for childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia demands mercaptopurine (MP) dose escalation in children who tolerate daily 75 mg/m2 MP (100% dose) without cytopenias. The previous trial (UKALL X) did not. MP metabolism was studied in a group of UKALL XI children (n = 21) who tolerated ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.44921.x
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adopted guidelines reflect a harmonised European approach to a specific scientific issue and should reflect the most recent scientific knowledge. However, whilst EU regulations are mandatory for all member states and EU directives must be followed by national laws in line with the directive, EMA guidelines do not have...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/bcp.13883
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The goal of this study was to determine the frequencies of important allelic variants in the TPMT, NAT2, GST, SULT1A1 and MDR-1 genes in the Egyptian population and compare them with the frequencies in other ethnic populations. METHODS:Genotyping was carried out in a total of 200 unrelated Egyptian subjects. TPMT...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01786.x
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:In man a neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist has previously been shown to be ineffective in the prevention of motion-induced nausea. The antiemetic efficacy of NK1 receptor antagonists against chemotherapy-induced emesis is, however, enhanced when combined with a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. Hence the efficacy of...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2000.00221.x
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Dexloxiglumide is a new CCK(1) receptor antagonist under investigation for treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders and is metabolized by CYP3A4 and CYP2C9. The objectives of these two separate randomized, two-period, two-treatment crossover studies were to investigate the effects of steady-state ketocon...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02465.x
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The objective of this study was to estimate the number of fractures attributed to oral corticosteroid use. METHODS:Information was obtained from the General Practice Research Database which contains medical records of general practitioners in the UK. The total number of corticosteroid-related fractures during a c...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.0306-5251.2001.1385.x
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical pharmacologists are the only medical specialists whose training focuses specifically on the safe, effective and cost-effective use of medicines, underpinned by an understanding of drug discovery, drug regulation, pharmacology, translational medicine and the performance of clinical trials. This unique perspect...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04244.x
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The three dimensional requirements for inhibition of ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) were investigated in order to facilitate design of a more potent and selective antihypertensive agent. 2. All compounds designed possessed a bicyclic unit incorporating carboxylate and amidic carbonyl groups together with a thi...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03474.x
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To investigate presence or absence of clinically relevant drug interactions (pharmacokinetic and safety/tolerability) of OBE022 with standard-of-care medicines for preterm labour, enabling coadministration and further clinical development. METHODS:Part A: open-label, randomized, 3-period crossover assessing coadm...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/bcp.13925
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:This study investigated the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics after administration of a specific Cannabis sativa cultivar extract, standardised to cannabidiol (CBD) content as sublingual wafer or oil formulation compared to nabiximols oromucosal spray. METHODS:For the single-dose study, the design was an ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.14617
更新日期:2020-10-19 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aim of this study was to examine the use of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) in relation to time before death, to explore whether PIMs are discontinued at the end of life, and the factors associated with this discontinuation. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective register-based mortality cohort study...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.13874
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:This analysis was performed to investigate the population pharmacokinetics of clomethiazole and its effect on the natural course of sedation in acute stroke patients using a nonlinear mixed effects modelling approach. METHODS:One thousand five hundred and forty-six acute stroke patients (774 on active treatment) ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.0306-5251.2003.01850.x
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Children are not small adults. However, the main thesis of this review will be that children's responses to drugs have much in common with the responses in adults and indeed in other mammals. Often, it is assumed that drug effects differ in children but in reality this perception often arises because the drugs have no...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02445.x
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To develop a population pharmacokinetic model for mycophenolic acid (MPA) in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) treated with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), identify covariates that explain variability and determine the Bayesian estimator of the area under the concentration-time curve over 12 h (AUC(0-...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03615.x
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Drug disposition in children may vary from adults due to age-related variation in drug metabolism. Microdose studies present an innovation to study pharmacokinetics (PK) in paediatrics; however, they should be used only when the PK is dose linear. We aimed to assess dose linearity of a [14 C]midazolam microdose, b...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/bcp.14047
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00