Abstract：
:The technique of single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) was used to screen a series of 37 established colorectal cell lines, 22 fresh tumor samples, and 22 normal DNA samples for mutations in the beta 2-microglobulin gene. Exon 1 (including the leader peptide sequence) and exon 2 were screened separately. Six of 37 colorectal cell lines and 1 of 22 fresh tumors were shown to contain mutations, whereas no mutations were detected in the normal DNA samples. Sequencing of these mutations showed that an 8-bp CT repeat in the leader peptide sequence was particularly variable, since 3 of the cell lines and one fresh tumor sample have deletions in this region. In the related cell lines, DLD-1 and HCT-15, two similar mutations were identified, a C-->A substitution in codon 10 and a G-->T mutation in the splice sequence of intron 1. Expression of beta 2-microglobulin was examined using a series of monoclonal antibodies in an ELISA system. Reduced expression correlated with a mutation in one allele of beta 2-microglobulin, whereas loss of expression was seen in instances where a line was homozygous for a mutation or heterozygous for two mutations.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Bicknell DC,Rowan A,Bodmer WFdoi
10.1073/pnas.91.11.4751subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-05-24 00:00:00pages
4751-5issue
11eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
91pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A "projection function," P(x,z), is defined as the partial integral of the molecular electron density, rho(x,y,z), over the region -infinity < y < +infinity. The projection provides a three-dimensional representation of molecular electron distributions. Chemically useful information can be discerned from graphical dis...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.76.6.2499
更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent discovery of superconductivity with relatively high transition temperature (Tc) in the layered iron-based quaternary oxypnictides La[O(1-x)F(x)] FeAs by Kamihara et al. [Kamihara Y, Watanabe T, Hirano M, Hosono H (2008) Iron-based layered superconductor La[O1-xFx] FeAs (x = 0.05-0.12) with Tc = 26 K. J Am C...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0807325105
更新日期：2008-09-23 00:00:00
abstract：:During the development of a macronucleus from a micronucleus after cell mating in hypotrichs all the genes (approximately 20,000) are excised from micronuclear chromosomes as individual small DNA molecules. Telomeres are added to the ends of each gene-sized molecule and each is amplified, mostly by approximately 1000-...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.86.16.6264
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conjugative DNA transfer of the self-transmissible broad-host-range plasmid RP4 is initiated by strand- and site-specific cleavage at the nick site (nic) of the transfer origin (oriT). Cleavage results in covalent attachment of the plasmid-encoded relaxase (TraI) to the 5'-terminal 2'-deoxycytidine residue at nic. We ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.90.7.2925
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heat-shock protein of 90 kDa (Hsp90) is an essential molecular chaperone that adopts different 3D structures associated with distinct nucleotide states: a wide-open, V-shaped dimer in the apo state and a twisted, N-terminally closed dimer with ATP. Although the N domain is known to mediate ATP binding, how Hsp90 sense...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1516167113
更新日期：2016-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:To define the T-cell receptor signal transduction motif, we have transfected human and murine T-cell lines with a chimeric receptor consisting of the extracellular and transmembrane domains of human CD8 alpha and the membrane-proximal portion of CD3 zeta containing at its C terminus either an 18-amino acid segment (NQ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.91.14.6693
更新日期：1994-07-05 00:00:00
abstract：:There is increasing evidence for an important role of adverse early experience on the development of major psychiatric disorders in adulthood. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), an endogenous neuropeptide, is the primary physiological regulator of the mammalian stress response. Grown nonhuman primates who were expo...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.93.4.1619
更新日期：1996-02-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with chronic ulcerative colitis (UC) are at high risk for developing colorectal cancer. In this study, archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded colonic tissue from patients with UC who developed carcinoma (CA) or high-grade dysplasia (HGD) was examined for changes in expression of the proinflammatory and mit...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1114275108
更新日期：2011-10-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate (PtdInsP(3)) mediates intracellular signaling for directional sensing and pseudopod extension at the leading edge of migrating cells during chemotaxis. How this PtdInsP(3) signal is translated into remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton is poorly understood. Here, using a proteo...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1006153107
更新日期：2010-06-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Cysteine-bound hemes are key components of many enzymes and biological sensors. Protonation (deprotonation) of the Cys ligand often accompanies redox transformations of these centers. To characterize these phenomena, we have engineered a series of Thr78Cys/Lys79Gly/Met80X mutants of yeast cytochrome c (cyt c) in which...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1317173111
更新日期：2014-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The tat protein encoded by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is a potent trans-activator of gene expression from the viral long terminal repeat. The domains that are essential for trans-activation, a Pro-Xaa3-Pro triad, a cysteine-rich metal-binding sequence motif, and a cluster of basic residues, are present wi...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.87.18.7030
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Animals are associated with a microbiome that can affect their reproductive success. It is, therefore, important to understand how a host and its microbiome coevolve. According to the hologenome concept, hosts and their microbiome form an integrated evolutionary entity, a holobiont, on which selection can potentially ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1909790116
更新日期：2019-10-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The virulence of many pathogens depends upon their ability to cope with immune-generated nitric oxide (NO·). In Escherichia coli, the major NO· detoxification systems are Hmp, an NO· dioxygenase (NOD), and NorV, an NO· reductase (NOR). It is well established that Hmp is the dominant system under aerobic conditions, wh...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1521354113
更新日期：2016-03-22 00:00:00
abstract：:In the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), gag MA (matrix), a major structural protein of the virus, carries out opposing targeting functions. During virus assembly, gag MA is cotranslationally myristoylated, a modification required for membrane targeting of gag polyproteins. During virus infec...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.93.1.367
更新日期：1996-01-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The peripheral axonal branch of primary sensory neurons readily regenerates after peripheral nerve injury, but the central branch, which courses in the dorsal columns of the spinal cord, does not. However, if a peripheral nerve is transected before a spinal cord injury, sensory neurons that course in the dorsal column...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0508538102
更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute and chronic injuries to the heart result in perturbation of intracellular calcium signaling, which leads to pathological cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has been implicated in the transduction of calcium signals in the heart, but the specific isoforms o...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0813013106
更新日期：2009-02-17 00:00:00
abstract：:An antigen histochemically localized in the nuclei and cytoplasmic granules of normal and leukemic human myeloid cells has been identified as myeloperoxidase (MPO; EC 1.11.1.7). The localization and amount of the enzyme was determined by using a murine monoclonal antibody designated H-43-5 raised against nuclear prote...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.85.4.1232
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various reconstructive procedures have been attempted to restore a cosmetically acceptable phallus that would allow normal reproductive, sexual, and urinary function in patients requiring penile reconstruction. However, these procedures are limited by a shortage of native penile tissue. We previously demonstrated that...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0909367106
更新日期：2010-02-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The reversible association of alpha and beta gamma subunits of GTP-binding proteins is important for signal transmission from a variety of cell-surface receptors to intracellular effectors. Previous work showed that 1,6-bis(maleimido)hexane, which crosslinks cysteine residues, crosslinks alpha o and alpha i-1 to beta ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.90.21.10295
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:APOBEC3 (A3) genes are members of the AID/APOBEC gene family that are found exclusively in mammals. A3 genes encode antiviral proteins that restrict the replication of retroviruses by inducing G-to-A mutations in their genomes and have undergone extensive amplification and diversification during mammalian evolution. E...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1914183116
更新日期：2020-01-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Marine viruses are the most abundant biological entities in the oceans shaping community structure and nutrient cycling. The interaction between the bloom-forming alga Emiliania huxleyi and its specific large dsDNA virus (EhV) is a major factor determining the fate of carbon in the ocean, thus serving as a key host-pa...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1523168113
更新日期：2016-03-29 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to predictably control the coassembly of multiple nanoscale building blocks, especially those with disparate chemical and physical properties such as biomolecules and inorganic nanoparticles, has far-reaching implications in catalysis, sensing, and photonics, but a generalizable strategy for engineering sp...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1503533112
更新日期：2015-04-14 00:00:00
abstract：:With threats to nature becoming increasingly prominent, in order for biodiversity levels to persist, there is a critical need to improve implementation of conservation measures. In the oceans, the surveillance of fisheries is complex and inadequate, such that quantifying and locating nondeclared and illegal fisheries ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1915499117
更新日期：2020-02-11 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of specific gangliosides to function as host cell receptors for Sendai virus was investigated by using Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells which become resistant to infection upon treatment with Vibrio cholerae sialidase. Sialidase-treated cells were incubated for 20 min at 37 degrees C with individual, highly...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.78.9.5406
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has recently been recognized that human serum contains a protein that specifically binds human growth hormone (hGH). This protein has the same restricted specificity for hGH as the membrane-bound GH receptor. To determine whether the GH-binding protein is a derivative of, or otherwise related to, the GH receptor, w...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.84.13.4636
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intergroup conflict persists when and because individuals make costly contributions to their group's fighting capacity, but how groups organize contributions into effective collective action remains poorly understood. Here we distinguish between contributions aimed at subordinating out-groups (out-group aggression) fr...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1605115113
更新日期：2016-09-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Lymphocyte homeostasis is the result of a critical balance between cell proliferation and death. Disruption of this subtle equilibrium can lead to the onset of leukemia, an increase in the number of lymphocytes being potentially due to both of these parameters. The relative importance of cell proliferation vs. apoptos...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.142100999
更新日期：2002-07-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The cytochrome P-450 superfamily of enzymes catalyzes the oxidative metabolism of innumerable lipophilic compounds (e.g., drugs, carcinogens, steroids). Although the three-dimensional structure of a soluble bacterial P-450 (P-450cam) has been solved, little is known about the structures of the membrane-bound mammalian...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.86.21.8262
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The molecular basis of pathogen clone emergence is relatively poorly understood. Acquisition of a bacteriophage encoding a previously unknown secreted phospholipase A(2) (designated SlaA) has been implicated in the rapid emergence in the mid-1980s of a new hypervirulent clone of serotype M3 group A Streptococcus. Alth...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0607669103
更新日期：2006-10-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Phenotypic capacitance refers to the ability of a genome to accumulate mutations that are conditionally hidden and only reveal phenotype-altering effects after certain environmental or genetic changes. Capacitance has important implications for the evolution of novel forms and functions, but experimentally studied mec...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1420902112
更新日期：2015-10-06 00:00:00
