Abstract:
:A construct, MRE-beta Geo, with five metal response elements fused to a selectable reporter gene was transfected into BHK cells and a stable clone that could be induced up to 100-fold by zinc, cadmium, bismuth, silver, cobalt, copper, mercury, or nickle was isolated. Some, and perhaps all, of these metals induce MRE-beta Geo by displacing zinc. Transfection of these cells with a construct encoding the transcriptional activator MTF-1 resulted in constitutive expression of MRE-beta Geo, whereas expression of an antisense MTF-1 construct in these cells prevented induction by all of the metals. A variant cell line with high constitutive expression in the absence of added metals was isolated; normal regulation was restored by cell fusion. These results suggest that regulation of metallothionein genes by metals is mediated by MTF-1 interacting with metal response elements and that zinc functions to release MTF-1 from an inhibitor.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Palmiter RDdoi
10.1073/pnas.91.4.1219subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-02-15 00:00:00pages
1219-23issue
4eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
91pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Endothelial cells (ECs) line the mammalian vascular system and respond to the hemodynamic stimulus of fluid shear stress, the frictional force produced by blood flow. When ECs are exposed to shear stress, one of the fastest responses is an increase of K(+) conductance, which suggests that ion channels are involved in ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.102184999
更新日期:2002-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Linear porphyrin arrays self-assembled by either hydrogen bonding or metal ion coordination self-organize into lipid bilayer membranes. The length of the transmembrane assemblies is determined both by the thermodynamics of the intermolecular interactions in the supermolecule and by the dimension and physical chemical ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.062635099
更新日期:2002-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::We performed the biochemical and biophysical characterization of a red fluorescent protein, eqFP611, from the sea anemone Entacmaea quadricolor cloned in Escherichia coli. With an excitation maximum at 559 nm and an emission maximum at 611 nm, the recombinant protein shows the most red-shifted emission and the largest...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.182157199
更新日期:2002-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::Allergies are highly prevalent, and allergic responses can be triggered even in the absence of allergens due to Pavlovian conditioning to a specific cue. Here we show in humans suffering from allergic rhinitis that merely reencountering the environmental context in which an allergen was administered a week earlier is ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1920564117
更新日期:2020-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::The lentiviruses are associated with a wide range of chronic diseases in mammals. These include immunodeficiencies (such as HIV/AIDS in humans), malignancies, and lymphatic and neurological disorders in primates, felids, and a variety of wild and domesticated ungulates. Evolutionary analyses of the genomic sequences o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0700471104
更新日期:2007-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Transposition is a multistep process in which a transposable element DNA sequence moves from its original genetic location to a new site. Early steps in this process include the formation of a transposition complex in which the end sequences of the transposable element are brought together in a structurally precise fa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.23.10834
更新日期:1994-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::Galectin-3 is a glycan-binding protein (GBP) that binds β-galactoside glycan structures to orchestrate a variety of important biological events, including the activation of hepatic stellate cells and regulation of immune responses. While the requisite glycan epitopes needed to bind galectin-3 have long been elucidated...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2009206117
更新日期:2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Small RNAs (sRNAs) are important components of posttranscriptional regulation. These molecules are prevalent in bacterial and eukaryotic organisms, and involved in a variety of responses to environmental stresses. The functional characterization of sRNAs is challenging and requires highly focused and extensive experim...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1104318108
更新日期:2011-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular mechanism by which the homodimeric enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) causes neural damage in amytrophic lateral sclerosis is yet poorly understood. A striking, as well as an unusual, feature of SOD is that it maintains intrasubunit disulfide bonds in the reducing environment of the cytosol. Here, w...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0403979101
更新日期:2004-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::The class of neurons within the visual cortex of normal adult cats that has the smallest receptive fields (less than or equal to 2.25 degrees2) and that responds only to low rates of stimulus motion (less than or equal to 50 degrees / sec) responds preferentially to lines oriented about either the horizontal axis (+/-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.3.1272
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been proposed that extensive wildfires occurred after the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) impact event. An abundance of soot and pyrosynthetic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pPAHs) in marine K-T boundary impact rocks (BIRs) have been considered support for this hypothesis. However, nonmarine K-T BIRs, from across ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0813117106
更新日期:2009-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::The state-to-state transfer of rotational and vibrational energy has been studied for S1 glyoxal (CHOCHO) in collisions with D2, N2, CO and C2H4 using crossed molecular beams. A laser is used to pump glyoxal seeded in He to its S1 zero point level with zero angular momentum about its top axis (K' = 0). The inelastic s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.16.8387
更新日期:1997-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::Pleistocene residential sites with multiple contemporaneous human burials are extremely rare in the Americas. We report mitochondrial genomic variation in the first multiple mitochondrial genomes from a single prehistoric population: two infant burials (USR1 and USR2) from a common interment at the Upward Sun River Si...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1511903112
更新日期:2015-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Members of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) ligand family are known to play important roles in wound healing and fibrotic disease. We show that both transient and stable expression of PDGF-C results in the development of liver fibrosis consisting of the deposition of collagen in a pericellular and perivenular...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0409722102
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::By using a systematic genetic approach, the resonances in the 19F NMR spectrum of 3-fluorotyrosine-substituted lac repressor protein have been assigned. The NMR data indicate that each monomer of the repressor consists of two distinct and independent domains. One domain, the NH2-terminal sixth of the primary sequence,...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.5.2707
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have devised a class of isothermal reactions for amplifying DNA. These homogeneous reactions rapidly synthesize short oligonucleotides (8-16 bases) specified by the sequence of an amplification template. Versions of the reactions can proceed in either a linear or an exponential amplification mode. Both of these rea...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0730811100
更新日期:2003-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Fibrocytes are collagen-type-I-producing cells that arise at low frequency from hematopoietic cells. We have analyzed in mice which leukocyte subsets are required for generation of fibrocytes and show that murine fibrocytes develop from the subpopulation of CD11b(+) CD115(+) Gr1(+) monocytes under the control of CD4(+...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0906070106
更新日期:2009-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::The Helicobacter pylori immunodominant protein, CagA, is associated with severe gastritis and carcinoma. Injection of CagA into gastric epithelial cells by type IV secretion leads to actin-cytoskeletal rearrangements and cell scattering. CagA has been reported to have no role in the induction of transcription factor N...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0409873102
更新日期:2005-06-28 00:00:00
abstract::Control over the fluorescence of supramolecular assemblies is crucial for the development of chemosensors and light-emitting materials. Consequently, the postsynthetic modification of supramolecular structures via host-guest interactions has emerged as an efficient strategy in recent years that allows the facile tunin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1702510114
更新日期:2017-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the biochemical basis for negative regulation of interleukin 2 receptor alpha-chain (IL-2R alpha) gene expression. Transient transfection studies employing internally deleted forms of the IL-2R alpha promoter localized a negative regulatory element (NRE) between nucleotides -400 and -368 relative ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.21.8526
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prion diseases are characterized by an accumulation of PrP(Sc), a misfolded isoform of the normal cellular prion protein, PrP(C). We previously reported the bioactivity of acridine-based compounds against PrP(Sc) replication in scrapie-infected neuroblastoma cells and now report the improved potency of bis-acridine co...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2627988100
更新日期:2003-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::The nuclear lamina is a network of structural filaments, the A and B type lamins, located at the nuclear envelope and throughout the nucleus. Lamin filaments provide the nucleus with mechanical stability and support many basic activities, including gene regulation. Mutations in LMNA, the gene encoding A type lamins, c...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0601058103
更新日期:2006-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations induced by (+/-)trans-benzo-[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BaP-diol epoxide-1) were selected by using a recombinant plasmid vector system designed for the study of transcription termination signals. The plasmid contains a transcription terminator positioned between a promotor signal and the Escheric...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.11.6817
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory T (Treg) cells expressing the transcription factor Foxp3 play an important role in maintaining immune homeostasis. Chronic inflammation is associated with reduced Foxp3 expression, function, and loss of phenotypic stability. Previous studies have established the importance of TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) in the g...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1909687116
更新日期:2019-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::In the retina, dopamine plays a central role in neural adaptation to light. Progress in the study of dopaminergic amacrine (DA) cells has been limited because they are very few (450 in each mouse retina, 0.005% of retinal neurons). Here, we applied transgenic technology, single-cell global mRNA amplification, and cDNA...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0400913101
更新日期:2004-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::Eukaryotic cells irradiated with high doses of UV exhibit cell-cycle responses referred to as G(1)/S, intraS, and G(2)/M checkpoints. After a moderate UV dose that approximates sunlight exposure and is lethal to fission yeast checkpoint mutants, we found unexpectedly that these cell-cycle responses do not occur. Inste...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0607343103
更新日期:2006-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Thresholds are frequently thought to be involved in the development of discrete structures in response to a shallow, monotonic gradient of morphogenetic information. We propose a mechanism for threshold setting that incorporates two essential components: (i) determinator genes that produce intracellular "determinators...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.3.679
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine possible differences in the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases of normal and psoriatic human fibroblasts, the levels of the regulatory subunits (RI and RII, respectively) of protein kinase I and protein kinase II were quantitated by photoaffinity labeling with 8-azido[32P]cAMP. The level of RII was sign...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.14.5272
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have combined standard micrococcal nuclease (MNase) digestion of nuclei with a modified protocol for constructing paired-end DNA sequencing libraries to map both nucleosomes and subnucleosome-sized particles at single base-pair resolution throughout the budding yeast genome. We found that partially unwrapped nucleo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1110731108
更新日期:2011-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::Components in cerebrospinal fluid that are antigenically related to myelin basic protein have been identified by a technique described recently [Barbarese, E., Braun, P. E. & Carson, J. H. (1977) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74, 3360-3364] involving separating the cerebrospinal fluid proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate/p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.4.1976
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00