A highly conserved ATPase protein as a mediator between acidic activation domains and the TATA-binding protein.

abstract：:Secretory antibodies of the IgA class (sIgA) are thought to have an important role in the defence against bacteria at mucosal surfaces--the level at which the infectious agents first come into contact with the host. However, the mechanism by which sIgA exert their antibacterial activity is still a matter of debate. Af...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tagliabue A,Nencioni L,Villa L,Keren DF,Lowell GH,Boraschi D

更新日期：1983-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Systems of colour vision are normally identical in all members of a species, but a single design may not be adequate for species living in a diverse range of light environments. Here we show that in the mantis shrimp Haptosquilla trispinosa, which occupies a range of depths in the ocean, long-wavelength colour recepto...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cronin TW,Caldwell RL,Marshall J

更新日期：2001-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure of water near non-polar molecular fragments or surfaces mediates the hydrophobic interactions that underlie a broad range of interfacial, colloidal and biophysical phenomena. Substantial progress over the past decade has improved our understanding of hydrophobic interactions in simple model systems, but ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ma CD,Wang C,Acevedo-Vélez C,Gellman SH,Abbott NL

更新日期：2015-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been suggested that arginine vasopressin (AVP) is involved in the retention of learned responses, in addition to its classical physiological functions of water retention and modulation of blood pressure. AVP administered subcutaneously (s.c.), intraventricularly or intracerebrally can prolong extinction of acti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Koob GF,Dantzer R,Rodriguez F,Bloom FE,Le Moal M

更新日期：1985-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognition of an avirulent pathogen triggers the rapid production of the reactive oxygen intermediates superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This oxidative burst drives crosslinking of the cell wall, induces several plant genes involved in cellular protection and defence, and is necessary for the initiation ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Delledonne M,Xia Y,Dixon RA,Lamb C

更新日期：1998-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The site of action of the antispastic drug baclofen has long been considered to reside in the spinal cord although supraspinal effects have also been reported. This beta-chlorophenyl derivative of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) depresses both monosynaptic and polysynaptic transmission in the cord ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Price GW,Wilkin GP,Turnbull MJ,Bowery NG

更新日期：1984-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The search for the earliest fossil evidence of the human lineage has been concentrated in East Africa. Here we report the discovery of six hominid specimens from Chad, central Africa, 2,500 km from the East African Rift Valley. The fossils include a nearly complete cranium and fragmentary lower jaws. The associated fa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Brunet M,Guy F,Pilbeam D,Mackaye HT,Likius A,Ahounta D,Beauvilain A,Blondel C,Bocherens H,Boisserie JR,De Bonis L,Coppens Y,Dejax J,Denys C,Duringer P,Eisenmann V,Fanone G,Fronty P,Geraads D,Lehmann T,Lihoreau F,

更新日期：2002-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Phase-dependent forms of microscopy (such as phase contrast, interference, or polarization microscopy) have been used for many years; the amount of phase retardation produces images based mainly on index of refraction. We have developed a microscope that forms images that depend on small differences in extinction for ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mickols W,Maestre MF,Tinoco I Jr

更新日期：1987-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The polypeptide chains that make up proteins have thousands of atoms and hence millions of possible inter-atomic interactions. It might be supposed that the resulting complexity would make prediction of protein structure and protein-folding mechanisms nearly impossible. But the fundamental physics underlying folding m...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Baker D

更新日期：2000-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA winds about itself in a right-handed or left-handed fashion at several structural levels. The double helix is generally right-handed and is given a (+) sign by convention, whereas supercoiling of the helix axis is always (-) in the cell. The winding in higher -order forms such as knots and catenanes is unknown, an...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Krasnow MA,Stasiak A,Spengler SJ,Dean F,Koller T,Cozzarelli NR

更新日期：1983-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Considerable attention has centered recently on the changes in neuron excitability and synaptic efficacy caused by certain biogenic amines and neuropeptides. These neuromodulators act at a wide variety of both central and peripheral targets, and bring about diverse biological results. In sensory pathways, modulation o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pasztor VM,Bush BM

更新日期：1987-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to abstract principles or rules from direct experience allows behaviour to extend beyond specific circumstances to general situations. For example, we learn the 'rules' for restaurant dining from specific experiences and can then apply them in new restaurants. The use of such rules is thought to depend on ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wallis JD,Anderson KC,Miller EK

更新日期：2001-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The refined 1.9-A resolution structure of the periplasmic D-galactose-binding protein (GBP) reveals a calcium ion surrounded by seven ligands, all protein oxygen atoms. A nine-residue loop (amino-acid positions 134-142), which is preceded by a beta-turn and followed by a beta-strand, provides five ligands from every s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vyas NK,Vyas MN,Quiocho FA

更新日期：1987-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:More than twenty types of retinal ganglion cells conduct visual information from the eye to the rest of the brain. Each retinal ganglion cell type tessellates the retina in a regular mosaic, so that every point in visual space is processed for visual primitives such as contrast and motion. This information flows to tw...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Feinberg EH,Meister M

更新日期：2015-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Analogous to the progression of events in the opiate receptor-enkaphalin area, the first reports that benzodiazepines have selective and specific high-affinity binding sites in brain have stimulated a search for the endogenous 'ligand' or substance that might normally act at these sites. Braestrup and co-workers have ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tenen SS,Hirsch JD

更新日期：1980-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Water availability limits plant growth and production in almost all terrestrial ecosystems. However, biomes differ substantially in sensitivity of aboveground net primary production (ANPP) to between-year variation in precipitation. Average rain-use efficiency (RUE; ANPP/precipitation) also varies between biomes, supp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Huxman TE,Smith MD,Fay PA,Knapp AK,Shaw MR,Loik ME,Smith SD,Tissue DT,Zak JC,Weltzin JF,Pockman WT,Sala OE,Haddad BM,Harte J,Koch GW,Schwinning S,Small EE,Williams DG

更新日期：2004-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) synthesizes triacylglycerides and is required for dietary fat absorption and fat storage in humans1. DGAT1 belongs to the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) superfamily, members of which are found in all kingdoms of life and are involved in the acylation of lipids and p...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wang L,Qian H,Nian Y,Han Y,Ren Z,Zhang H,Hu L,Prasad BVV,Laganowsky A,Yan N,Zhou M

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the discovery of plate tectonics, the relative importance of driving forces of plate motion has been debated. Resolution of this issue has been hindered by uncertainties in estimates of basal traction, which controls the coupling between lithospheric plates and underlying mantle convection. Hotspot tracks preser...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Eaton DW,Frederiksen A

更新日期：2007-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycorrhizae, the symbiotic associations of plant roots and fungal hyphae, are classic examples of mutualisms. In these ecologically important associations, the fungi derive photosynthetic sugars from their plant hosts, which in turn benefit from fungus-mediated uptake of mineral nutrients. Early views on the evolution...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hibbett DS,Gilbert LB,Donoghue MJ

更新日期：2000-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Thewissen et al. describe new fossils from India that apparently support a phylogeny that places Cetacea (that is, whales, dolphins, porpoises) as the sister group to the extinct family Raoellidae, and Hippopotamidae as more closely related to pigs and peccaries (that is, Suina) than to cetaceans. However, our reanaly...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Geisler JH,Theodor JM

更新日期：2009-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have demonstrated that monkeys and humans can use signals from the brain to guide computer cursors. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) may one day assist patients suffering from neurological injury or disease, but relatively low system performance remains a major obstacle. In fact, the speed and accuracy ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Santhanam G,Ryu SI,Yu BM,Afshar A,Shenoy KV

更新日期：2006-07-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous reports have emphasized the need for major changes in the global food system: agriculture must meet the twin challenge of feeding a growing population, with rising demand for meat and high-calorie diets, while simultaneously minimizing its global environmental impacts. Organic farming—a system aimed at produc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Seufert V,Ramankutty N,Foley JA

更新日期：2012-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer contributes to an increase in terrestrial solar ultraviolet-B radiation. This has deleterious effects on living organisms, such as DNA damage. When exposed to elevated ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B; 280-315 nm), plants display a wide variety of physiological and mor...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ries G,Heller W,Puchta H,Sandermann H,Seidlitz HK,Hohn B

更新日期：2000-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The stable isotope ratios of atmospheric CO(2) ((18)O/(16)O and (13)C/(12)C) have been monitored since 1977 to improve our understanding of the global carbon cycle, because biosphere-atmosphere exchange fluxes affect the different atomic masses in a measurable way. Interpreting the (18)O/(16)O variability has proved d...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Welp LR,Keeling RF,Meijer HA,Bollenbacher AF,Piper SC,Yoshimura K,Francey RJ,Allison CE,Wahlen M

更新日期：2011-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin stimulates the transport of glucose into fat and muscle cells. Although the precise molecular mechanisms involved in this process remain uncertain, insulin initiates its actions by binding to its tyrosine kinase receptor, leading to the phosphorylation of intracellular substrates. One such substrate is the Cbl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Baumann CA,Ribon V,Kanzaki M,Thurmond DC,Mora S,Shigematsu S,Bickel PE,Pessin JE,Saltiel AR

更新日期：2000-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial cell division ends with septation, the constriction of the cell wall and cell membranes that leads to the formation of two daughter cells. During septation, FtsZ, a protein of relative molecular mass 40,000 which is ubiquitous in eubacteria and is also found in archaea and chloroplasts, localizes early at th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Löwe J,Amos LA

更新日期：1998-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The haemagglutinin (HA) glycoproteins of influenza virus membranes are responsible for binding viruses to cells by interacting with membrane receptor molecules which contain sialic acid (for review see ref. 1). This interaction is known to vary in detailed specificity for different influenza viruses (see, for example,...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rogers GN,Paulson JC,Daniels RS,Skehel JJ,Wilson IA,Wiley DC

更新日期：1983-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:During the biosynthesis of selenoproteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, selenocysteine is cotranslationally incorporated into the nascent polypeptide chain through a process directed by a UGA codon that normally functions as a stop codon. Recently, four genes have been identified whose products are required for ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Forchhammer K,Leinfelder W,Böck A

更新日期：1989-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Scientific theories of how subduction and plate tectonics began on Earth--and what the tectonic structure of Earth was before this--remain enigmatic and contentious. Understanding viable scenarios for the onset of subduction and plate tectonics is hampered by the fact that subduction initiation processes must have bee...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gerya TV,Stern RJ,Baes M,Sobolev SV,Whattam SA

更新日期：2015-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The three-dimensional structures of macromolecules and their complexes are mainly elucidated by X-ray protein crystallography. A major limitation of this method is access to high-quality crystals, which is necessary to ensure X-ray diffraction extends to sufficiently large scattering angles and hence yields informatio...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ayyer K,Yefanov OM,Oberthür D,Roy-Chowdhury S,Galli L,Mariani V,Basu S,Coe J,Conrad CE,Fromme R,Schaffer A,Dörner K,James D,Kupitz C,Metz M,Nelson G,Xavier PL,Beyerlein KR,Schmidt M,Sarrou I,Spence JC,Weierstall

更新日期：2016-02-11 00:00:00