Physical studies of denatured tRNA2Glu from Escherichia coli.

abstract：:We have earlier reported conditions that support the axenic development in vitro of a complete asexual erythrocytic cycle of Plasmodium falciparum. Up to 30% of merozoites showed initial differentiation into trophic forms (rings) viable at 14 hr. However, only approximately 1% of the merozoites would develop further i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Williams JH,Gill GS,Trager W

更新日期：1995-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The availability of gene-targeted mice deficient in the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), urokinase receptor (uPAR), tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), and plasminogen permits a critical, genetic-based analysis of the physiological and pathological roles of the two mammalian plasminogen activators. We ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bugge TH,Flick MJ,Danton MJ,Daugherty CC,Romer J,Dano K,Carmeliet P,Collen D,Degen JL

更新日期：1996-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown previously that hydroxyl radicals (HO*) can be produced by H2O2 and halogenated quinones, independent of transition metal ions; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. In the present study, using the electron spin resonance secondary radical spin-trapping method, we found that tetra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhu BZ,Kalyanaraman B,Jiang GB

更新日期：2007-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza viruses contain segmented, negative-strand RNA genomes. Genome segmentation facilitates reassortment between different influenza virus strains infecting the same cell. This phenomenon results in the rapid exchange of RNA segments. In this study, we have developed a method to prevent the free reassortment of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gao Q,Palese P

更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Salt production and trade is thought to be critical to the development of all states and emergent empires. Until now, however, scientific evidence of early salt production has rarely been presented, and no studies of early Chinese salt production have provided unequivocal proof. Here, we report x-ray fluorescence, x-r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Flad R,Zhu J,Wang C,Chen P,von Falkenhausen L,Sun Z,Li S

更新日期：2005-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Seizure activity regulates gene expression for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neurturin (NRTN), and their receptor components, the transmembrane c-Ret tyrosine kinase and the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored GDNF family receptor (GFR) alpha 1 and alpha 2 in limbic structures. We demonstrat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nanobashvili A,Airaksinen MS,Kokaia M,Rossi J,Asztély F,Olofsdotter K,Mohapel P,Saarma M,Lindvall O,Kokaia Z

更新日期：2000-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Wnts regulate important intracellular signaling events, and dysregulation of the Wnt pathway has been linked to human disease. Here, we uncover numerous Wnt canonical effectors in human platelets where Wnts, their receptors, and downstream signaling components have not been previously described. We demonstrate that th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Steele BM,Harper MT,Macaulay IC,Morrell CN,Perez-Tamayo A,Foy M,Habas R,Poole AW,Fitzgerald DJ,Maguire PB

更新日期：2009-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The engineering of structures across different length scales is central to the design of novel materials with controlled macroscopic properties. Herein, we introduce a unique class of self-assembling materials, which are built upon shape- and volume-persistent molecular nanoparticles and other structural motifs, such ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yu X,Yue K,Hsieh IF,Li Y,Dong XH,Liu C,Xin Y,Wang HF,Shi AC,Newkome GR,Ho RM,Chen EQ,Zhang WB,Cheng SZ

更新日期：2013-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In myocardial ischemia, adrenergic nerves release excessive amounts of norepinephrine (NE), causing dysfunction and arrhythmias. With anoxia and the concomitant ATP depletion, vesicular storage of NE is impaired, resulting in accumulation of free NE in the axoplasm of sympathetic nerves. Intraneuronal acidosis activat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Silver RB,Mackins CJ,Smith NC,Koritchneva IL,Lefkowitz K,Lovenberg TW,Levi R

更新日期：2001-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphorylation of the regulatory (R) domain initiates cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl(-) channel activity. To discover how the function of this domain is determined by its structure, we produced an R domain protein (R8) that spanned residues 708-831 of CFTR. Phosphorylated, but not unpho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ostedgaard LS,Baldursson O,Vermeer DW,Welsh MJ,Robertson AD

更新日期：2000-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe an active polymer network in which processive molecular motors control network elasticity. This system consists of actin filaments cross-linked by filamin A (FLNa) and contracted by bipolar filaments of muscle myosin II. The myosin motors stiffen the network by more than two orders of magnitude by pulling ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Koenderink GH,Dogic Z,Nakamura F,Bendix PM,MacKintosh FC,Hartwig JH,Stossel TP,Weitz DA

更新日期：2009-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The sigma-N (sigmaN) subunit of the bacterial RNA polymerase is a sequence specific DNA-binding protein. The RNA polymerase holoenzyme formed with sigmaN binds to promoters in an inactive form and only initiates transcription when activated by enhancer-binding positive control proteins. We now provide evidence to show...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cannon WV,Chaney MK,Wang X,Buck M

更新日期：1997-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The remarkable fidelity of most DNA polymerases depends on a series of early steps in the reaction pathway which allow the selection of the correct nucleotide substrate, while excluding all incorrect ones, before the enzyme is committed to the chemical step of nucleotide incorporation. The conformational transitions t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Santoso Y,Joyce CM,Potapova O,Le Reste L,Hohlbein J,Torella JP,Grindley ND,Kapanidis AN

更新日期：2010-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Inside-out erythrocyte membranes attached to polycationic beads manifested glutathione disulfide (GSSG)-stimulated ATPase activity. A Lineweaver-Burk plot of the ATPase activity as a function of GSSG concentration was biphasic and gave apparent Km values of 0.13 mM and 2.0 mM. These kinetics are similar to those repor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kondo T,Kawakami Y,Taniguchi N,Beutler E

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been used to treat malignancies in humans with varying degrees of success. Progress has been hindered by the lack of suitable animal models, which would ideally consist of immunocompetent animals that are tolerant to tumor-associated antigens. Suitable models would allow the study and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wilkinson RW,Ross EL,Poulsom R,Ilyas M,Straub J,Snary D,Bodmer WF,Mather SJ

更新日期：2001-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been shown to participate in the recognition of pathogens by the innate immune system, but it is not clear how a restricted family of receptors has the capacity to recognize the wide spectrum of TLR stimuli known to exist. We report here that two members of the TLR family, TLR2 and TLR6...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ozinsky A,Underhill DM,Fontenot JD,Hajjar AM,Smith KD,Wilson CB,Schroeder L,Aderem A

更新日期：2000-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteins denature not only at high, but also at low temperature as well as high pressure. These denatured states are not easily accessible for experiment, because usually heat denaturation causes aggregation, whereas cold or pressure denaturation occurs at temperatures well below the freezing point of water or pressur...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vajpai N,Nisius L,Wiktor M,Grzesiek S

更新日期：2013-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Therapeutic cancer vaccines can be effective for treating patients, but clinical responses vary considerably from patient to patient. Early indicators of a favorable response are crucial for making individualized treatment decisions and advancing vaccine design, but no validated biomarkers are currently available. In ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Campbell CT,Gulley JL,Oyelaran O,Hodge JW,Schlom J,Gildersleeve JC

更新日期：2014-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant human migration inhibitory factor (MIF), isolated through functional expression cloning in COS-1 cells, up-regulates expression of genes encoding HLA-DR and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and elaboration of IL-1 beta by human monocyte-derived macrophages. Administration of soluble bovine serum albumin or h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weiser WY,Pozzi LM,Titus RG,David JR

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A full-length placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) cDNA was used to identify and clone the PLAP-like Nagao isozyme gene from human genomic libraries. The entire nucleotide sequence of the gene reveals the existence of 11 exons interrupted by 10 small introns (76-427 base pairs). Putative regulatory sequences have bee...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Millán JL,Manes T

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report here the reconstitution of a pathway that leads to the apoptotic changes in nuclei by using recombinant DNA fragmentation factor (DFF), a heterodimeric protein of 40 and 45 kDa. Coexpression of DFF40 and DFF45 is required to generate recombinant DFF, which becomes activated when DFF45 is cleaved by caspase-3...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu X,Li P,Widlak P,Zou H,Luo X,Garrard WT,Wang X

更新日期：1998-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Photosystem I (PSI) reaction centers (RCs) of the thermophilic cyanobacterium Mastigocladus laminosus were purified and characterized. The PSI RC was obtained in two forms, monomeric and trimeric. The two forms contained the same number of pigments per P700 and displayed similar photochemical activities. The two forms...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Almog O,Shoham G,Michaeli D,Nechushtai R

更新日期：1991-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA from tumors of Nicotiana glauca initiated by strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes was shown to contain sequences that are homologous to the root-inducing (Ri) plasmid of the bacterium. Two independently established tumor lines contained a similar portion of the Ri-plasmid. The Ri-plasmid also hybridized to DNA ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： White FF,Ghidossi G,Gordon MP,Nester EW

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The epithelial-derived cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is important for the initiation of allergic airway inflammation through a dendritic cell-mediated T helper 2 response. To identify the factors that control TSLP expression, we examined the ability of inflammatory mediators to regulate TSLP production ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee HC,Ziegler SF

更新日期：2007-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The adrenergic receptors (ARs) (subtypes alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, and beta 2) are a prototypic family of guanine nucleotide binding regulatory protein-coupled receptors that mediate the physiological effects of the hormone epinephrine and the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. We have previously assigned the genes for ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang-Feng TL,Xue FY,Zhong WW,Cotecchia S,Frielle T,Caron MG,Lefkowitz RJ,Francke U

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The enzymic activity of acetylcholinesterase can be photoregulated through the mediation of photochromic inhibitors of the enzyme. N-p-phenylazophenyl-N-phenylcarbamyl fluoride, an irreversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, exists as two geometric isomers which are interconvertible through the action of light. Th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bieth J,Vratsanos SM,Wassermann N,Erlanger BF

更新日期：1969-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whether G protein-coupled receptors signal from endosomes to control important pathophysiological processes and are therapeutic targets is uncertain. We report that opioids from the inflamed colon activate δ-opioid receptors (DOPr) in endosomes of nociceptors. Biopsy samples of inflamed colonic mucosa from patients an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jimenez-Vargas NN,Gong J,Wisdom MJ,Jensen DD,Latorre R,Hegron A,Teng S,DiCello JJ,Rajasekhar P,Veldhuis NA,Carbone SE,Yu Y,Lopez-Lopez C,Jaramillo-Polanco J,Canals M,Reed DE,Lomax AE,Schmidt BL,Leong KW,Vanner SJ,

更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Periodicities in the polar/apolar character of the amino acid sequence of a protein can be examined by assigning to each residue a numerical hydrophobicity and searching for periodicity in the resulting one-dimensional function. The strength of each periodic component is the quantity that has been termed the hydrophob...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eisenberg D,Weiss RM,Terwilliger TC

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diversity in 39 HLA-A, -B, and -C molecules is derived from 20 amino acid positions of high variability and 71 positions of low variability. Variation in the structurally homologous alpha 1 and alpha 2 domains is distinct and may correlate with partial segregation of peptide and T-cell receptor binding functions. Comp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Parham P,Lomen CE,Lawlor DA,Ways JP,Holmes N,Coppin HL,Salter RD,Wan AM,Ennis PD

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The wide diversity of dendritic trees is one of the most striking features of neural circuits. Here we develop a general quantitative theory relating the total length of dendritic wiring to the number of branch points and synapses. We show that optimal wiring predicts a 2/3 power law between these measures. We demonst...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cuntz H,Mathy A,Häusser M

更新日期：2012-07-03 00:00:00