Abstract:
:Calculation of diurnal peak expiratory flow (PEF) variability using values before and after bronchodilator is no longer possible for many asthmatic patients because they now use beta-agonists "as needed" for symptoms rather than regularly. This study assesses the usefulness of a number of alternative PEF indices as markers of airway liability in subjects with stable, although not necessarily well-controlled, asthma. Forty-six adult subjects completed a questionnaire about symptoms and treatment in the previous 3 mo. Spirometric function and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) were assessed; AHR was expressed as dose response ratio (DRR) (maximal percent fall in FEV1 divided by final dose of histamine). Subjects recorded PEF morning and evening, before and after bronchodilator (if used) for 2 wk. Nine different PEF indices were calculated. Diurnal variability (amplitude percent maximum) without bronchodilator was significantly less than diurnal variability with bronchodilator. Normal indices of PEF lability were found in 42% of subjects with reduced maximal midexpiratory flow (MMEF). Most of the PEF indices correlated strongly with DRR, and less strongly with symptom score and airway obstruction. Minimum morning prebronchodilator PEF over a week (expressed as percent recent best or percent predicted) is recommended as the best PEF index of airway lability in patients with stable asthma because it correlates strongly with AHR, patients are more likely to comply with a once-daily reading, the calculation is simple, and regular use of a beta-agonist is not required.
journal_name
Am J Respir Crit Care Medauthors
Reddel HK,Salome CM,Peat JK,Woolcock AJdoi
10.1164/ajrccm.151.5.7735580subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-05-01 00:00:00pages
1320-5issue
5eissn
1073-449Xissn
1535-4970journal_volume
151pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Collections of sputum from 105 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis were made before and at 1 and 2 d after the start of chemotherapy with isoniazid (INH) alone given to groups of patients in doses of 600 mg, 300 mg, 150 mg, 75 mg, 37.5 mg, 18.75 mg, and 9 mg daily, as well as from an untreated group. ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.3.9609132
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although considerable evidence indicates a role for CD4(+) T lymphocytes (T cells) in airway inflammation, little data exist regarding the mechanisms underlying the induction and regulation of CD4(+) T cell reactivity to lung-specific antigens. To dissect the immunologic and molecular mechanisms of CD4(+) T cell dysre...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200404-464OC
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibrosing alveolitis may occur alone (CFA) or in association with systemic sclerosis (FASSc). FASSc was recently shown to have a prognostic advantage over CFA. Because interleukin-8 (IL-8) is likely to be a major determinant of neutrophil alveolitis, we evaluated IL-8 expression in patients with CFA and FASSc and comp...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.5.7735620
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influx of neutrophils into the lung is a sentinel event in LPS-induced acute lung inflammation. Previous studies have shown that systemic inhibition of p38 decreases LPS-induced neutrophil influx into the alveolar space but has no effect on pulmonary parenchymal neutrophil accumulation or on microvascular leak, in...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200406-712OC
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The plasma level of fibrinogen is felt to be an independent risk factor for vascular events. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has a high prevalence in patients with stroke and may also be an independent risk factor. The aim of our study was to determine the association between OSA and plasma levels of fibrinogen in patie...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.162.6.2001048
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A continuously mixed series of microbial communities inhabits various points of the respiratory tract, with community composition determined by distance from colonization sources, colonization rates, and extinction rates. Ecology and evolution theory developed in the context of biogeography is relevant to clinical mic...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201312-2129PP
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Outcome measures that integrate mortality and morbidity, like quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), have been proposed for critical care clinical trials. OBJECTIVES:We sought to describe the distribution of QALYs in critically ill patients and estimate sample size requirements for a hypothetical trial using Q...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201206-1057OC
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The acute respiratory distress syndrome is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), a ligand for the endothelial Tie2 receptor, is an endothelial survival and vascular stabilization factor that reduces endothelial permeability and inhibits leukocyte-en...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200609-1370OC
更新日期:2007-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Several epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a consistent association between levels of particulate matter (PM) in the ambient air with increases in cardiovascular and respiratory mortality and morbidity. Diesel exhaust (DE), in addition to generating other pollutants, is a major contributor to PM pollution in most...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.3.9709083
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:High-dose isoniazid is recommended in short-course regimens for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). The optimal dose of isoniazid and its individual contribution to efficacy against TB strains with inhA or katG mutations are unknown. OBJECTIVE:Define the optimal dose of isoniazid for patients with isoniazid-res...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201910-1960OC
更新日期:2020-01-16 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Noncommunicable diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA). Valid burden of disease estimates are lacking for noncommunicable lung disease in sSA. OBJECTIVES:We performed a community-based survey to determine the prevalence of chronic lung disease among adults 18 years o...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201509-1807OC
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have shown evidence of significant parent-offspring and sibling correlation in FEV1, but familial aggregation of decline of FEV1 over time has not been reported. Our study population comprised 392 families enrolled in the Tucson Epidemiological Study of Airway Obstructive Diseases. Subjects were older than 18 ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.164.7.2010051
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Spontaneous breathing during mechanical ventilation increases transpulmonary pressure and Vt, and worsens lung injury. Intuitively, controlling Vt and transpulmonary pressure might limit injury caused by added spontaneous effort. OBJECTIVES:To test the hypothesis that, during spontaneous effort in injured lu...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201610-1972OC
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Luteolin is a flavonoid that has been shown to reduce proinflammatory molecule expression in vitro. In the present study, we have tested the ability of luteolin to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- induced lethal toxicity and proinflammatory molecule expression in vivo. Mice receiving LPS (Salmonella enteriditis LPS, ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.165.6.2101049
更新日期:2002-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Superoxide dismutase (SOD) 3 inhibits oxidative fragmentation of lung matrix components collagen I, hyaluronan, and heparan sulfate. Inherited change in SOD3 expression or function could affect lung matrix homeostasis and influence pulmonary function. OBJECTIVES:To identify novel SOD3 polymorphisms that are ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200804-549OC
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Small studies have suggested that inhaled corticosteroids can suppress systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OBJECTIVES:To determine the effect of inhaled corticosteroids with or without long-acting beta(2)-adrenergic agonist on systemic biomarkers of inflammation. METHODS:W...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.200709-1356OC
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Most patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) die from right heart failure. Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade reduces mortality by about 30% in patients with left-sided systolic heart failure, but is not used in PAH. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effect of the adrenergic receptor blocker carvedilol on ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201003-0335OC
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinicians are frequently faced with patients in whom the radiographic resolution of community-acquired pneumonia seems delayed. Previous studies of radiographic resolution of the disease have yielded conflicting results. We prospectively assessed the radiographic resolution of pneumonia in 81 non-immuno-compromised p...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.149.3.8118630
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Immunophenotypes of antiviral responses, and their relationship with asthma, allergy, and lower respiratory tract infections, are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES:We characterized multiple cytokine responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to rhinovirus stimulation, and their relationship with clinical ou...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201708-1762OC
更新日期:2018-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::To elucidate the apparent contradictions in vascular remodeling in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, we evaluated alveolar vascularity in relation to the various degrees of fibrosis in surgically biopsied lungs of usual interstitial pneumonia. Alveolar capillary endothelial cells were intensely...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200308-1111OC
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dobutamine has been proposed as a means of disclosing a pathologic oxygen supply (DO2) dependency in critically ill patients. Like other catecholamines, however, dobutamine might increase cellular metabolism, so that oxygen consumption (VO2) would increase regardless of the presence or absence of a supply dependency. ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.150.1.8025780
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Burkholderia gladioli has been reported as colonizing the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) but has not previously been associated with adverse outcome. We describe six patients with CF in whom the same strain of B. gladioli, on the basis of ribotyping and biochemical characteristics, was grown in their sp...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.4.9105090
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Constitutive activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is prevalent in epithelial cancers, particularly in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Mutations identified in EGFR predict the sensitivity to EGFR-targeted therapy. Detection of these mutations is mainly based on tissue biopsy, which ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.201406-1003OC
更新日期:2014-11-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:There is growing evidence that resident cells, such as fibroblasts and epithelial cells, can drive the persistent accumulation of dendritic cells (DCs) in chronically inflamed tissue, leading to the organization and the maintenance of ectopic lymphoid aggregates. This phenomenon, occurring through a chemokine...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200609-1347OC
更新日期:2007-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cigarette smoking causes the development of chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We hypothesized that exposure to cigarette smoke might initiate release of inflammatory mediators by bronchial epithelial cells. To evaluate this, the effect of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on IL-8 release from c...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.5.9154890
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Tissue resident memory T cells play a critical role in the defense against inhaled pathogens. The isolation and study of human lung tissue resident memory T cells and lung resident macrophages is limited by experimental constraints. OBJECTIVES:To characterize the spatial and functional relationship between l...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.202006-2403OC
更新日期:2020-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::The factors that lead to increased production of specific IgG subclasses are still largely unknown. Recent studies suggest that increased IgG4 responses may be related to prolonged antigen exposure. We present data showing that increased IgG4 responses are found under conditions of chronic exposure to Aspergillus fumi...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.6.8665060
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positive pressure ventilation with large VTs has been shown to cause release of cytokines, including macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), a functional equivalent of human interleukin-8. The mechanisms regulating ventilation-induced cytokine production are unclear. Based on our previous in vitro model of lung cel...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200305-660OC
更新日期:2004-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The hereditary thrombophilias are a group of inherited conditions that predispose to thrombosis. Heritable deficiencies of the endogenous anticoagulants protein C, protein S, and antithrombin have been recognized for some years, but their prevalence, even among patients with familial thrombosis, is low. The recent dis...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.5.9712022
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Although intermittent, three-times-weekly therapy is recommended for the initial treatment of noncavitary nodular bronchiectatic Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease, supporting data are limited. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of intermittent therapy compared with daily therapy for no...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201408-1545OC
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00